Qionghai City, a county-level administrative region directly under the central government of Hainan Province

Qionghai, a county-level city in Hainan Province, is located at 110 ° 7 ′ 5 "～ 40 ′ 50" E, 18 ° 58 ′ 50 "～ 19 ° 28 ′ 35" n. It is located in the east of Hainan Province, in the middle and lower reaches of Wanquan River, 78 kilometers away from Haikou City in the north, 60 kilometers away from Wanning City in the south, 163 kilometers away from Sanya City, Ding'an and Tunchang counties in the west, and Qinglan port in Wenchang in the East.

The total area of Qionghai City is 1710 square kilometers. In 2016, the permanent resident population of Qionghai was 506100, and there were about 550000 overseas Chinese, Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, distributed in 28 countries and regions on five continents of the world. The city governs 12 towns and bincunshan overseas Chinese Economic Zone, with three state-owned farms and one state-owned forest farm.

In 2017, Qionghai's GDP was 24.251 billion yuan, an increase of 7.5% over 2016 at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 8.144 billion yuan, an increase of 4.7%; the added value of the secondary industry was 3.261 billion yuan, an increase of 5.3%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 12.846 billion yuan, an increase of 10.2%.

In March 2020, it won the title of national advanced county of village cleaning action, and was praised by the central agricultural office and the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas.

Historical evolution

In 1983, Neolithic sites were found in Jiwei and pailingpo of Xinshi Township, which showed that human beings had been living and reproducing in the territory more than 4000 years ago.

Today, the county is formed by the merger of Yuehui county and Qiongdong county. In the fifth year of Xianqing reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty (660 A.D.), rongqiong county was set up as Lehui County, which was established in Nanguan Village (also known as lihei village, now Sicun, fushiling administrative district, Yantang town), and subordinate to Qiongzhou.

In the second year of Qianfeng (667), Qiongzhou was occupied by the rulers of Lidong, and Lehui county was lost.

In the fifth year of Zhenyuan (789) of Dezong, the observation of Lingnan Festival made Li return to Li and restore Qiongzhou. In 791, Yuehui county was restored and rongqiong county was incorporated into Qiongzhou.

In 1109, Yuehui county was transferred to Wan'an army. In the first year of Zhenghe (1111), Yuehui County returned to Qiongzhou.

In 1278, the emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty changed Qiongzhou into the pacification Department of Qiongzhou Road, which was attached to Lehui county. In 1287, Yuehui county was moved to tiaoling village, Taiping City (now Xinchao village, Fengtou District, Futian Town). In the 28th year (1291), Pingzhang Kuoli Jisi Pingli cut out 519 households of more than 20000 people in Lidong village, which was newly attached to the northwest of Lehui County, and set it up in Huitong County to build wushiyong, also known as lianghori Village (about today's Dalu town), in Pingding township of Yong'an City. It was changed into the civil pacification Department of Qiongzhou road army. In 1294, Yuehui county was moved to the north of Wanquan River (now jiuxianpo, Chaoyang township).

In the fourth year of Dade (1300) of yuanchengzong, the change of wangwenhe took place, and Yuehui County moved to the south of Wanquan River and the north of Liuma river.

In the first year of emperor Renzong's reign of the Yuan Dynasty (1312), chieftain Gao burned down the county government, and Huitong County moved to douniu Township, Taiping capital (now the old county slope of tamen town).

In the second year of Tianli (1329), Emperor Wenzong of the Yuan Dynasty was transferred to the civil pacification Department of qianning road army. During the reign of Emperor Shun of Yuan Dynasty (1341-1367), Huitong County moved to niujiaodun (today's tayang town), the capital of zhaodu.

In 1368, Huitong and Yuehui belonged to Qiongzhou. In 1370, Qiongzhou was promoted to the prefecture, and the county was directly under the prefecture.

The Qing Dynasty followed the Ming Dynasty.

In 1912, Huitong and Yuehui belonged to QiongYa road. In 1914, Huitong County was renamed Qiongdong county because it had the same name as Huitong County in Chenyuan road of Hunan Province. In 1921, QiongYa road was abandoned, belonging to QiongYa aftercare department. In 1926, it belonged to QiongYa administrative committee. In 1928, it belonged to the rehabilitation Office of Southern District of Guangdong Province. In 1933, it belonged to the QiongYa appeasement Committee. In the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), it belonged to the office of the ninth district administrative inspector of Guangdong Province. From March 1939 to August 1945 (during the Japanese invasion of Hainan), it still belonged to the office of the administrative inspector of the Ninth District of Guangdong Province. In 1949, it belonged to the office of Hainan special chief executive.

On April 25, 1950, the KMT governments in Qiongdong and Lehui counties fled to Taiwan. The Communist Party took over and established the people's political power, which was subordinate to the Hainan Military and political Commission. In July, Qiongdong County moved to Jiaji town.

In April 1951, it belongs to Hainan administrative office of Guangdong Province.

In 1952, Yuehui County moved to the Central Plains ruins.

On December 1, 1958, with the approval of the State Council, Qiongdong County, Lehui county and Wanning county were merged. Because they are located on the east coast of Qiongzhou, they are called Qionghai County, and Jiaji town was built and managed. On November 1 of the next year, Wanning county was separated.

In April 1968, it was transferred to Hainan Revolutionary Committee.

In January 1980, it was transferred to the office of Hainan administrative region.

In May 1984, it was transferred to the people's Government of Hainan administrative region.

In April 1988, it was directly under the jurisdiction of Hainan Province.

On November 6, 1992, with the consent of the provincial government and the approval of the State Council, Qionghai county was abolished and Qionghai City was established.

administrative division

In 2015, Qionghai City has jurisdiction over 12 towns, including Jiaji, Zhongyuan, Boao, tamen, Changpo, Wanquan, tayang, Dalu, Yangjiang, Longjiang, Huishan and Shibi, 189 villages and 15 communities. There are also 3 state-owned farms and 1 state-owned forest farm. Qionghai municipal government is located in Xinghai North Road, Jiaji town

geographical environment

Location context

Qionghai is located in the east of Hainan Province, in the middle and lower reaches of Wanquan River. It is located at 110 ° 7 ′ 5 "～ 40 ′ 50" E, 18 ° 58 ′ 50 "～ 19 ° 28 ′ 35" n. The total area of the city is 1710 square kilometers, 78 kilometers from Haikou City in the north, 60 kilometers from Wanning City in the south, 163 kilometers from Sanya City, Ding'an and Tunchang counties in the west, and Qinglan port in Wenchang in the East.

Geology and geomorphology

Qionghai is located in the eastern part of Hainan Indosinian uplift, at the junction of Changjiang Qionghai East-West structural belt and Qiongdongnan North fault belt. The main folds and faults are as follows

Gaoming jiuqujiang anticline: distributed from Gaoming to jiuqujiang, the stratum is composed of Ordovician Silurian system. The axis of the anticline is 60 ° to 70 ° and the dip angle of its two wings is about 60 °. It is characterized by tight linear folds.

Shangcun xianggou syncline: it is distributed in the area from Shangcun to xianggou, and is composed of Carboniferous Permian system, with an axis of 45 ° and a dip angle of 48 ° in the southeast wing and 50 ° in the northwest wing. It is a linear fold.

Wanling shanxinling syncline: distributed from Wanling to shanxinling, it is composed of Lower Cretaceous strata, with an axis of 55 ° and an inclination angle of 10 ° to 20 ° on both wings. It is an open fold.

The East-West structural belt from Changjiang to benxian traverses the central part of the county. The granites and residual metamorphic rocks in the Yangjiang basin and the belt are distributed in the east-west direction, and the aeromagnetic anomaly belt in the belt is also distributed in the east-west direction.

The southeastern and northward fault zone of Hainan province runs through the eastern part of the county. It is mainly shown that the long axis of Yanshanian granodiorite, monzonitic granite and granite porphyry from north to south is in the north-south direction, the Quaternary basalt in the north of Jiaji town is in the north-south direction, the north-south flow direction of Wanquan River tributaries in Dalu, tayang, Nanzhai and other places, and the gravity high Zone on both sides of the fault zone.

Longma Longjiang fault: it extends through Xizi, Longjiang and Wuyuan, with a length of more than 60 km. The strike is 40 ° in the NE and 65 ° to 85 ° in the SW. The fault cut the lower Cretaceous and developed tectonic breccia belt, which controlled the southeast boundary line of Quaternary basalt.

Qionghai is back to the mountain and faces the sea, and the remaining veins of murui mountain extend from west to East, which constitutes the feature that the whole terrain inclines from west to East. In the West and southwest, there are mountainous and semi mountainous areas, covering an area of 347.06 square kilometers, accounting for 20.5%; in the middle and North, there are platforms and hills, covering an area of 714.44 square kilometers, accounting for 42.2%; in the southeast, there are plains, covering an area of 567.15 square kilometers, accounting for 33.5%. The water area is 64.32 square kilometers, accounting for 3.8%. Baimaling is the highest point in the county, with an altitude of 1264.4 meters. Wanquan River flows through 10 towns from west to East and then flows into the South China Sea.

The denudation landforms of the middle and low mountains are distributed in the top of daluoling, the upper part of baimaling tuanling near the peak and leigongling in the southwest of the county. The altitude is 500-1064m, and the relative height difference is 450-760m. The bedrock is Ordovician Silurian epimetamorphic rock, Variscan Indosinian migmatite and early Yanshanian monzogranite. The top of the mountain is dome shaped, the hillside is concave, and V-shaped gullies are developed. It covers an area of 32400 mu, accounting for 1.27% of the total area.

The eroded wavy plain is widely distributed in Yangjiang, Zhongyuan, Wenquan and other areas to the south of Wanquan River. The terrain is slightly inclined to the East. To the north, Luonan, Dongsheng Farm, Wanquan, Jiaji town and Yantang, Changpo, tayang, Chaoyang and other areas are inclined to the South and Southeast respectively. The altitude is 10-100m and the relative height difference is 5-59m. The bedrock is mainly Ordovician Silurian, lower Cretaceous, Lingwen formation, Carboniferous Permian, Variscan Indosinian mixed granite and early Yanshanian granite. On the plain, there are many meanders and many residual hills. The area is 665800 mu, accounting for 26.2%.

The marine landform is distributed in the coastal area east of Wenyuan Jiayu, Wenquan and Jiuqu River. The altitude is 0-30 meters. The strata are Quaternary loose marine sediments, which are generally parallel to the coastline or distributed along the coast, and slightly inclined to the sea. The area is 259300 mu, accounting for 10.2%, including 229400 mu of shallow sea sediment, accounting for 9.0%.

River erosion accumulation

Chinese PinYin : Hai Nan Sheng Sheng Zhi Xia Xian Ji Hang Zheng Qu Hua Qiong Hai Shi