Honghu City, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province

Honghu Honghu City, belonging to Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, is located in the south central part of Hubei Province and the southeast end of Jianghan Plain. It is named after Honghu, the largest lake in the territory. It spans 113 ° 07 ′ ~ 114 ° 05 ′ E and 29 ° 39 ′ ~ 30 ° 12 ′ n, bordering on the Yangtze River in the southeast, Jiayu County, Chibi City and Linxiang city of Hunan Province across the river; it borders Jianli on the west, Honghu Lake; and Hannan on the north, Dongjing river Xiantao district is adjacent to Xiantao City, with a total area of 2519 square kilometers.

The terrain of Honghu City is gently inclined from northwest to Southeast. It is the place where the four lakes (Changhu, Sanhu, Bailu and Honghu) converge. It has a subtropical humid monsoon climate with an annual average temperature of about 16.6 ℃. It is a famous old area, a city of hundreds of lakes, a city of aquatic products, a tourist resort and a new industrial city in Hubei Province.

As of April 2018, Honghu City has jurisdiction over 2 sub district offices, 14 towns and 1 township. In 2016, 931 thousand and 900 people registered residence in Honghu. In 2016, Honghu realized 21 billion 310 million yuan in GDP and 25136 yuan in GDP per capita.

There are 102 large and small lakes in Honghu City. Honghu is an important wetland nature reserve in China, known as the "kidney of Hubei". Honghu City is an observer city of Wuhan city circle, a member unit of Western Hubei ecological and cultural tourism circle, and the second batch of urban-rural integration pilot cities in the Province.

In March 2019, it was listed as the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area sub County list. On September 20, 2019, it won the honorary title of national greening model unit. The second batch of national agricultural product quality and safety counties. Wu Changjun, Secretary of the municipal Party committee.

Evolution of organizational system

ancient

Honghu City is named after Honghu, the largest lake in its territory. Honghu, as a place name, was first seen in the Ming Dynasty's records of Mianyang, Jiajing: "shanghonghu is 120 Li southeast of the state, and another 10 Li is xiahonghu. It is connected with huangpeng by the water of Zhengdao, Baisha and Batan." xiahonghu is a big lake, with no division of lakes and rivers, no place to accommodate, overflowing along the coast, no embankments, no division of lakes and embankments. ".

In the Xia and Shang Dynasties, it was a place of ancient clouds and dreams, belonging to Jingzhou.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou (Jifa) was granted the state of Zhou, with the capital in today's huangpengshan; in the 40th year of King Wu of Chu (701 BC), other small states between Zhou and Jianghan were annexed by the state of Chu; after the 29th year of King Zhaoxiang of Qin (278 BC), the ancient state of Zhou belonged to Nanjun.

In the early Western Han Dynasty (206 BC), Gengnan county was Linjiang state; in the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (202 BC), Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu, established the Han Dynasty, restored Nanjun, established ZhouLing County, and the county government was in huangpengshan.

In the new mang Dynasty of Han Dynasty (9 years), Nanjun was renamed as Nanshan Jun, ZhouLing was changed to Jiangxia, and the county government was in Xintankou.

In the first year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25 years), the original names of counties in the Western Han Dynasty were restored; in the 13th year of Jian'an (208 years), ZhouLing was under the jurisdiction of Xiajun in the eastern Wujiang.

In the second year of Yongxing (305) of the Western Jin Dynasty, Huarong, ZhouLing and Jianli counties in Nanjun were cut off by Shu, and Fengdu and four counties were set up separately. The overseas Chinese set up Chengdu County, which was subordinate to Wang Yingguo of Chengdu.

In the Southern Dynasties, ZhouLing County belonged to baling county and Zhoucheng County; in 551, Emperor Wen of the Western Wei Dynasty abolished ZhouLing county and huihuai County, and replaced them with Jianxing County, which was subordinate to Mianyang county. The county government moved to the old city of Mianyang in Xiantao City.

From Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties to song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the territory of Honghu City has been changed many times, with frequent changes in counties and counties. Most of them are divided and combined with Mianyang, or rise or fall. During this period, Honghu City was once known as Yusha County, Fuguo County, Wenquan County, etc.

Modern times

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the state was abolished and the county was established. Mianyang county is located in Jianghan Road, Hubei Province.

In 1926, Dao was abolished and a city was set up in Xindi, which was directly under the Hubei provincial government. Before long, the city was withdrawn and merged into Mianyang county.

In 1949, after the founding of the people's Republic of China, Mianyang regional Commissioner's office was set up in Xindi, which is a municipality directly under the central government.

In May 1951, Mianyang district was incorporated into Jingzhou regional Commissioner's office; in June of the same year, the Government Affairs Council of the people's Republic of China decided to delimit the area south of the East Jinghe River in Mianyang County, and the adjacent areas in the east of Jianli County, the north of the Yangtze River in Jiayu County, and the southwest of Hanyang county to establish Honghu County, which is under the jurisdiction of Jingzhou regional Commissioner's office in Hubei Province.

On July 31, 1987, with the approval of the State Council of the people's Republic of China, Honghu county was abolished and Honghu City was established. The administrative region and subordinate relationship remained unchanged. Honghu City is under the jurisdiction of Jingzhou City, Hubei Province.

administrative division

As of April 2018, Honghu City has jurisdiction over Xindi and Binhu sub district offices, Luoshan, Wulin, Longkou, YANWO, Xintan, Fengkou, CaoShi, Fuchang, daijiachang, Qujiawan, Shakou, Wanquan, Chahe and huangjiakou, Laowan Hui Township, Datonghu, dashahu and Xiaogang administrative districts (farms), and Honghu economic development Zone, which has jurisdiction over 32 sub districts There are 27 residents' committees, 233 villagers' committees, 272 residents' groups and 2742 villagers' groups. The government is stationed in Wenquan Avenue, Xindi street.

geographical environment

Location context

Honghu City spans 113 ° 07 ′ ~ 114 ° 05 ′ E and 29 ° 39 ′ ~ 30 ° 12 ′ n. It is located in the south central part of Hubei Province, the North Bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the southeast end of Jianghan Plain. It is adjacent to the Yangtze River in the southeast, Jiayu County, Chibi City and Linxiang city of Hunan Province across the river; it is adjacent to Honghu Lake and Jianli in the West; it is adjacent to Dongjing River in the north, Hannan District and Xiantao City. Honghu City is 94 km long from east to west and 62 km wide from north to south.

topographic features

Historically, Honghu lake belongs to the Yangtze River flood plain in the east of yunmengze. The terrain is gently inclined from northwest to Southeast, forming a wide and flat landform with high in the north and south, low in the middle, and mostly between 23 and 28 meters above sea level. The highest point is the main peak of Luoshan, with an altitude of 60.48 meters; the lowest point is the bottom of shatao lake, with an altitude of 17.9 meters. The average slope of Honghu City is about 0.3%. The rivers and canals are crisscross and the lakes are scattered.

climate

Honghu City belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate, which is characterized by long winter and summer, short spring and autumn, four distinct seasons, sufficient light, abundant rainfall, mild and humid, hot summer and cold winter, precipitation concentrated in spring and summer, and more flood disasters.

The annual average temperature of Honghu City is about 16.6 ℃. The average temperature is 3.8 ℃ and the extreme minimum temperature is - 13.2 ℃ (1977.1.30). The hottest months are July and August, with an average temperature of 28.9 ℃ and an extreme maximum temperature of 39.6 ℃ (1971.7.21). The average daily temperature difference is about 7.7 ℃, the minimum is 7.2 ℃ in June and July, and the maximum is 8.7 ℃ in October. The average ground temperature over the years is 19 ℃. The extreme maximum ground temperature is 69.2 ℃ (1970.8.2), and the extreme minimum ground temperature is - 20.1 ℃ (1977.1.30).

The average sunshine in Honghu City is between 1980 and 2032 hours, with an average of 5.4-5.6 hours per day, and the annual sunshine percentage is 45%. The sunshine hours in June to August are the most, up to 700-750 hours, accounting for 35.8% - 36.9% of the whole year; December to February are the least, accounting for only 18.8% of the whole year.

The average annual rainfall days in Honghu are 135.7 days, and the rainfall ranges from 1060.5 mm to 1331.1 mm. The largest rainfall was 2309.4mm in 1954, and the smallest was 774.4mm in 1968. In spring, Luoshan in the south is the most and the peak mouth in the north is the least. The difference between the two places is 112.8 mm. In summer, the rainfall generally increases in all parts of the country, accounting for 74% of the annual rainfall from April to October. The spatial distribution of rainfall decreases from southeast to northwest. The annual average number of rainstorm days in the whole city is 38 days, and may to June is the most rainstorm period of the year, accounting for 51.4%.

hydrology

Honghu Lake area is the place where the four lakes (Changhu, Sanhu, Bailu and Honghu) converge. Therefore, it has become a water network area with the geographical characteristics of the south of the Yangtze River. It is known as "the city of hundreds of lakes" and "the country of water". In addition to the Yangtze River in the South and Dongjing River in the north, there are 113 large and small canals in the region, such as Neijing River, four lake main canal, HongPai River, Nangang River, Taohong River, Zhongfu River, Xiaxin River, Caijia River and laozha River, with a total length of 900 km. The lakes over 1000 mu are Honghu Lake, dashahu lake, Datong Lake, tudihu lake, Lihu lake, shatao lake, Xiaojia lake, Yunfan lake and dongzha lake There are 21 chahu lake, tanglaoyan lake, Yangqi lake, Houhu lake, TAIMA lake, Jinwan lake and Xingdou lake.

natural resources

mineral resources

Coal is distributed in Xiangshan Fengshan area of Wulin Town, with thin seam, low depth and grade, complex process, high cost and no mining value.

Petroleum is distributed in Qujiawan, Shakou, Chahe, Fengkou and Wanquan areas. The formation thickness of Qujiawan and Shakou oil generating areas is more than 2500 meters, the thickness of source rock is generally 150 ~ 250 meters, and the thickest is more than 265 meters, but no deep depression is found. The formation thickness of Fengkou and Wanquan oil generating areas is more than 3500 meters, the thickness of source rock is generally 300-800 meters, and the thickest is more than 1000 meters, which has obtained industrial oil flow.

Natural gas is widely distributed in Luoshan, Xindi, Wulin and Binhu areas. Drilling test shows that the gas reservoir has been eroded by surface water, and the daily production is less than 1000 cubic meters.

water resource

Honghu is the largest freshwater lake in Hubei Province, with an average water depth of 1.35 meters and a flood period depth of 2.32 meters. When the water level is 24.5-26 meters, the lake water area can reach 600000 mu, and the corresponding water storage volume is 550-800 million cubic meters.

Surface water resources in Honghu City

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng Jing Zhou Shi Hong Hu Shi