Nanzhao County, Nanyang City, Henan Province

Nanzhao County, a county under the jurisdiction of Nanyang City, Henan Province, is located in the southwest of Henan Province, at the south foot of Funiu Mountain, on the north edge of Nanyang Basin, adjacent to Fangcheng in the East, Wolong District of Nanyang City in the south, Neixiang in the west, Lushan and Songxian in the north. It is known as "strangling ruluo in the north and controlling Jingxiang in the South". It is a place for military strategists of all dynasties. The county governs 16 townships and 340 administrative villages with a total population of 640000 in 2017, covering a total area of 2946 square kilometers, including 2800 square kilometers of mountains and hills and 497000 mu of cultivated land.

Nanzhao has a long history. It belonged to Yuzhou in Xia and Shang Dynasties, pheasant County in Qin Dynasty, Xiangcheng County in Tang Dynasty, and Nanzhao County in the 12th year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty. It is one of the important birthplaces of early human beings in China. The extant human ancestor in the Central Plains 500000 years ago: Nanzhao ape man, and the Great Wall site of Chu listed in the national list.

Nanzhao county has convenient transportation and rich tourism resources. Jiaozhou Liuzhou railway runs through the north and south, with ER Guang Expressway and national highway 207 running through it. It is 60km away from Nanyang Airport in the south, forming a highway traffic network of expressway, national highway center line and four provincial highway radiation lines. Nanzhao has: wuduoshan scenic spot, zhenwuding scenic spot, Nanzhao Baotianman, Baihe first drift, ape man Grand Canyon, Danxia temple, Yahekou Reservoir, Lianhua hot spring water city and other famous scenic spots. It has won the titles of "China's best leisure tourism county" and "China's excellent eco-tourism county", and has been listed in the "2018 list of China's most beautiful counties".

In 2018, the annual GDP reached 13.22 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 7.1%; the added value of industries above designated size increased by 8.1%; the investment in fixed assets increased by 13%; the general public budget revenue reached 630 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 7.1%; the total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 10.11 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 12.1%;

In March 2020, it won the title of national advanced county of village cleaning action, and was praised by the central agricultural office and the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas.

Historical evolution

As early as 50000 or 600000 years ago, the "Nanzhao ape man" lived in groups at the foot of Xinghua mountain, roughly the same age as the "Peking ape man", which is the common ancestor of human beings in the Central Plains. The xiaokongshan ape man site, adjacent to the xinghuashan ape man site, is the second cave site in the Homo erectus stage discovered in China where humans can use and manage fire. There are more than ten Neolithic cultural sites on both sides of the Baihe River and in the basins of the Yahe River, Huangya River, Liushan River and Kongshan river.

Dayu established Jiuzhou, and the Xia Dynasty belonged to Yuzhou. The Shang Dynasty was still in Yuzhou, which was the fiefdom of the state of Xie. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to the kingdom of Shen, the territory of Chu in the spring and Autumn period, and once belonged to Korea in the late Warring States period. In the 23rd year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty, Qin Daliang made Baiqi to attack Korea, and the county belonged to the state of Qin.

In the 35th year of emperor Zhaoxiang of Qin Dynasty (272 BC), Nanyang County was established, and pheasant county was established. The Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasty were all pheasant counties.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, it belonged to Chiyang county and was set up in Xiangcheng. Song, Yuan County, merged into Nanyang County, set up three jurisdiction inspection department. In the 12th year of Chenghua (1476) of Ming Dynasty, the county was restored. Because the nanzhaodian in the East and north corner of the county was a famous post for business and tourism on wanluo Avenue, it was named "Nanzhao".

In 1659, the county system was abolished and merged into Nanyang County. In 1734, Nanzhao county was reestablished. On November 4, 1947, the people's democratic government of Nanzhao county was established. The county was relocated to liqingdian, and the old town was changed to Yunyang town.

On February 26, 2020, the people's Government of Henan Province approved the withdrawal of Nanzhao county from poverty-stricken counties, officially lifting its hat.

administrative division

As of August 2013, the county has jurisdiction over Chengguan, Yunyang, Liushan, huangludian (entrusted by Yahe Industrial Zone in 2010), Nanhedian, banshanping, Baitugang, Qiaoduan, Chengjiao, Xiaodian, Queen, Taishanmiao, Shimen, Sikeshu, mashiping, Cuizhuang, 8 townships, 340 Village (neighborhood) committees (including 25 villages and 5 villages in huangludian town), and the county people's government is stationed in Chengguan town.

Geographical features

Location context

Nanzhao county is located in the southwest of Henan Province, south foot of Funiu Mountain, north edge of Nanyang Basin, Fangcheng in the East, Wolong District and Zhenping county of Nanyang City in the south, Lushan and Song County in the north, belonging to Nanyang city. The geographical coordinates are 33 ° 12 ′ - 33 ° 43 ′ N and 111 ° 55 ′ - 112 ° 51 ′ E. It is about 95 kilometers long from east to west and 62 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 2946 square kilometers.

climate

Nanzhao county is located on the line of Qinling Huaihe River, the important geographical boundary of China, the intersection of the South and the north, the 800mm isoline, the intersection of the humid zone and the semi humid zone. It belongs to the north subtropical monsoon continental climate and has the obvious characteristics of the transition from the subtropical zone to the warm temperate zone. Long winter and summer, short spring and autumn, four distinct seasons. The annual average temperature is 14.8 ℃. The temperature in January is the lowest, with an average of 1.2 ℃. 6 ℃ (December 29, 1991). The highest temperature was in July, with a monthly average of 27.5 ℃. The extreme maximum temperature is 41.6 ℃. The annual average sunshine duration is 1850.5 hours. The annual average frost free period is 219 days. The accumulated temperature above 0 ℃ is 5428.8 ℃. The annual average precipitation is 868.8 mm, and the precipitation is mainly concentrated in summer. The rain is hot at the same time. It is very beneficial to the growth of plants.

terrain

Nanzhao county is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, which is roughly divided into three steps. The Funiu mountain range, formed by the eastward extension of Qinling Mountains, stretches in the northwest, southwest, North and northeast, with more than 300 peaks. The highest peak, Shiren Mountain, is 2153.1 meters above sea level. The first step is between 500 m and 2000 m above sea level. In the middle part of the country, the hills are undulating, some mountains are over to the plain, some open from northwest to Southeast, and the altitude is between 200m and 500m, which is the second step. The southern part connects Nanyang Basin and is a plain area with an altitude below 200 meters, which is the third step. The overall outline of the county is slightly "dustpan" shaped. The mountainous area accounts for 34.4%, the hilly area 62.5%, and the plain area 3.1%.

hydrology

The main rivers in Nanzhao County belong to the Hanjiang River system, most of which originate in the Northwest Mountainous Areas and flow southeast, with the same trend in the mountains. The largest river in the territory is the Baihe River. The tributaries flowing into the Baihe River are Huangya River, Yahe River, Songhe River, Guanhe River, Liushan River, Kongshan River and hundreds of tributaries, which are distributed in branches. The lower reaches of all rivers are flat, open and silted seriously. The river runoff mainly comes from surface runoff. The annual average runoff of the county is 1.033 billion cubic meters, and the runoff depth is 350 mm.

resource distribution

mineral products

As of August 2013, there are 47 kinds of metal mineral, non-metal mineral, fuel mineral, geothermal mineral and water mineral in Nanzhao County, covering 16 villages and towns in the county, including 18 large deposits and the rest are mineralization (mineralization) points. More than 10 kinds of metal deposits have been found in the territory, including gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, iron, manganese, molybdenum, antimony, niobium, tantalum, tungsten and rutile. 33 kinds of non-metallic minerals have been found in the territory, among which marble, calcite, cement rock, tremolite, granite, fluorite and other minerals are widely distributed, with large reserves and good quality. The total reserves of marble are more than 2 billion cubic meters, with more than 20 varieties.

The large-scale deposits include Qingshan cement limestone mine with a reserve of more than 200 million tons, banshanping calcite mine with a reserve of more than 50 million tons, and xiaodianmazhuang tremolite mine with a reserve of more than 50 million tons.

The fuel mineral is coal. It starts from Jiulishan, Taishanmiao Township in the East and ends at mashiping Township in the west, with a total length of 70 km, a width of 2-5 km and an estimated reserves of 130-150 million tons. It is the only coal field that has not yet been developed and utilized in Henan Province. There is only one geothermal mineral water resource found in the county, which is located in gutuo village, huangludian town. The water temperature starts at 18 ℃. The geothermal anomaly range above 50 ℃ is 450 square meters. The buried depth of stable water level is 2.4-4.6 meters. The water quality type is sodium metasilicate calcium, and contains a variety of trace elements.

Botany

There are more than 2900 species of higher plants in the county, including 31 species of national key protected plants such as Taxus chinensis var. mairei, Ginkgo biloba, Abies qinlingensis, Qinggan Daguo, wild soybean, Magnolia officinalis, shuiqingshu, Fraxinus mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, Phoebe and Torreya grandis, and 33 species of key protected plants in Henan Province. Most of the rare and endangered plants in the area are the remains of the tertiary Paleotropical flora. Some of them are ancient relict species and living fossils. Many of them are extinct in other parts of the world.

There are more than 330 main timber species, and broad-leaved species mainly include Quercus variabilis, Quercus acutissima, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Tilia amurensis, Ulmus pumila, Huaxiang, Fraxinus mandshurica, Populus davidiana, etc. The main coniferous species are Pinus massoniana, Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus armandii, Pinus nigra, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Platycladus orientalis, etc. The main tree species are poplar, Ailanthus altissima, Robinia pseudoacacia, Paulownia, elm, neem, Populus tomentosa, etc. Bamboos mainly include Phyllostachys heterocycla, Phyllostachys heterocycla, Phyllostachys heterocycla, etc.

There are 142 main economic tree species, including magnolia, chestnut, persimmon, walnut, eucommia, Cornus officinalis, ginkgo, kiwi, plum, peach, pear, apple, tung oil tree, Sapium sebiferum, lacquer tree, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, jujube, Pistacia chinensis, hawthorn, forsythia, honeysuckle, pomegranate, etc.

animal

There are 387 species of vertebrates in the county. Among them, there are 62 species of mammals, 14 species of amphibians, 31 species of reptiles, 213 species of birds and 67 species of fish, belonging to the national and provincial key protected animals, including 48 species of leopard, giant salamander, red bellied pheasant, Qingyang, musk deer and golden eagle, more than 3000 species of insects, and 160 species of butterflies alone, accounting for more than 80% of the total number of butterflies in Henan Province. There are 110 species of natural enemies insects and 120 species of spiders, among which 6 are new species and 2 are newly recorded in China.

hydropower

In Nanzhao

Chinese PinYin : He Nan Sheng Nan Yang Shi Nan Zhao Xian