Wenshang County, Jining City, Shandong Province

Wenshang County is located in the southwest of Shandong Province, adjacent to the ancient city of Yanzhou in the East, shuipoliang mountain in the west, Weishan Lake in the South and Mount Tai in the north. Wenshang County is located in the north temperate continental monsoon humid climate zone, with 116 ° 40 ′ - 116 ° 18 ′ E and 35 ° 31 ′ - 35 ° 36 ′ n, most of which are in the plain area.

There is Dawen River in Wenshang County. Xiaowen river flows through the north and West, and Quanhe river flows through the Middle East and then converges to Xiaowen river. The groundwater under the county also comes from Wenshui. The whole county of Wenshang is located above Wenshui, so it is named Wenshang.

In 2012, the GDP of Wenshang County reached 20 billion yuan. On December 13, 2018, Wenshang County was selected into the list of agricultural products advantage areas with Chinese characteristics. On February 2, 2019, it was rated as the county-level advanced unit of Chinese medicine by the State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine. On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the National Health township (county) naming list of 2017-2019 cycle.

Evolution of organizational system

In Wenshang County, about 15000 years ago, there were Chinese ancestors living here. Dongjiabai site, located 3km to the east of the city, is the earliest Neolithic human cultural site found in Jining, about 7000 years ago. It is an important representative of Beixin culture and belongs to the development stage of matriarchal clan commune in primitive society.

To the Shang Dynasty, the territory of Jue state. In the Zhou Dynasty, the state of Ying was established successively, including the central capital and the city of Ying. King Wu of Zhou granted him the title of his mother and brother Shu Wu in Ying. In 501 BC, Lu "Duke Ding took Confucius as the central capital". During the Warring States period, the capital of Pinglu was established.

The Qin Dynasty unified China and implemented the system of prefectures and counties. The counties belonged to Zhang county of Xue county (governing in huozhuang, Dongping County today) and Wuyan county (governing in Wuyan village, Dongping County today).

Around the second year of Ganlu (52 BC), Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty, Dongping Lu county was established in the territory, which belonged to the Dongping state of Yanzhou. This is the beginning of Wenchang county.

During the Three Kingdoms, Wei and Jin Dynasties, the county now belongs to Dongping County, Yanzhou. In the Southern Dynasties, it was renamed Pinglu county and Leping county. In the early Sui Dynasty, it was still called Pinglu county.

In March of the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), it was renamed Zhongdu county.

In 1153, it was renamed Wenyang county. In 1208, the name of Wenshang County was changed from Wenshui in the north to Wenshang County. This is the beginning of the special place name of Wenshang, which is still in use today.

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the territory of Wenshang was as follows: Zhangcun, shahezhan, Dongping, Xishu, Ningyang, kangzhuangyi, Yuncheng, Anshan, shenjiahai, Tangyang and pipa. The maximum transverse distance is 75 km and the maximum longitudinal distance is 35 km. The county boundary was stable for a long time in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and its territory was also large, about 2.5 times that of today's county.

During the period of the Republic of China, Wenshang County, with an area of 1380 square kilometers, was one of the larger counties in Shandong Province.

administrative division

In February 2019, Wenshang County governs 3 streets, 12 townships and 1 provincial economic development zone.

geographical environment

Location context

Wenshang County is located in the transition zone between the middle and low hills of Shandong Province and the western plain of Shandong Province. It is located in the southwest of Shandong Province, adjacent to the ancient city Yanzhou in the East, shuipoliang mountain in the west, Weishan Lake in the South and Dongyue Mountain Tai in the north. The largest vertical distance between North and south is 58 km, and the largest horizontal distance between East and West is 35 km. It is adjacent to Yanzhou and Ningyang in the East, Liangshan and Jiaxiang in the west, Rencheng District of Jining City in the south, Dawen River in the north, Feicheng and Dongping in the North.

topographic features

The hills in Wenshang County belong to the Taiyi mountain system, most of which are southeast northwest. The pure mountain area is 31 square kilometers, mainly including Tanshan, Taibai Mountain (Buffalo mountain), wofoshan, Caishan, Jiufeng Mountain, etc. Taibai Mountain, also known as Shuiniu mountain, is drunk like a crouching cow. There are cliff inscriptions. Li Bai, a great poet of Tang Dynasty, once visited here, so it got its name.

Wenshang County is located in the northeast of the ancient Taishan Mountain, southwest of the ancient Dayeze mountain and the East Bank of Liangshanpo mountain. The whole terrain is gentle from the northeast to the southwest, and the highest point is the peak of Tanshan mountain, with an altitude of 171.7 meters. The lowest point is at the bottom of shushanhu lake, with an altitude of 36.5 meters. The central terrain is flat, with thick soil layer and good soil quality.

climate

Wenshang County belongs to the north temperate continental monsoon humid climate zone, with sufficient light, four distinct seasons, long frost free period, large seasonal variation of precipitation, more south wind in spring, less rain and drought. Due to the rapid rise of temperature and high temperature at the end of the season, there are often dry hot wind, forming spring drought; more southeast wind in summer, hot weather, concentrated rainfall, long sunshine time, high humidity, which is conducive to crop growth; light in autumn Abundant, large temperature difference between day and night, average precipitation of 628 mm in 30 years, frequent exchange of southeast wind and northwest wind, frequent autumn drought and continuous rain; more northwest wind in winter, drought and less snow.

From 06:30 to 14:25 on July 1, 1995, 78 townships in nine counties and cities in Jining District of Shandong Province were attacked by a strong hail rarely seen in history. The maximum diameter of hail was 70mm (Wenshang County) and the minimum diameter was 10mm (Yutai County).

hydrology

River: the territory belongs to the Huaihe River Basin, Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal water system. The main inland rivers are Xiaowen River, Quanhe River and Xiaoxin River, which flow from northeast to southwest into the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal. The famous Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal flows through the southwest of Wenshang

The border is 12 kilometers, and the Dawen River flows through the northern border 15.3 kilometers.

Huquan: in the southwest of the county, there are Nanwang lake, Shushan lake, Mata lake and Shuian lake, covering an area of about 65 square kilometers. It is recorded in Wenshang County annals compiled by the Ming Dynasty: "there are many fish, turtles, grass and vegetables in the lake, and people live on it. In summer and autumn, the brocade of Linghe is as bright as Xiaoxia. There are 11 famous mountain springs in the northeast, including longdou spring, xuejiagou spring, laoyuanyuan spring, Jizhuo spring, zhaojiaqiao spring, Luodang spring, Mazhuang spring, etc. It dried up in the 1960s.

natural resources

land resource

Wenshang County covers an area of 87700 hectares, including 56500 hectares of cultivated land, accounting for 64%.

water resource

The annual average water volume is 380 million cubic meters, including 90 million cubic meters of surface water, 290 million cubic meters of groundwater, and 320 million cubic meters of available water resources, accounting for 84% of the total.

mineral resources

A total of 17 kinds of minerals were found, including coal, gold, iron, lead, crystal, kaolin, vein quartz, granite, limestone, coarse sand, mineral water, etc.

Coal: it is distributed in the southeast and northwest, with a coal bearing stratum area of 600 square kilometers and a predicted reserve of 1.4 billion tons.

Gold: it is distributed in the surrounding area of Tanshan in the northeast, including placer gold and rock gold. It has been determined that there are two gold orebodies with gold grade of more than 5gt.

Iron: it is distributed in liguanji section of guocang Township in the north, with a total reserve of more than 52 million tons.

Lead: it is distributed in Baishi and juntun townships, with grade D reserves of 5275.9 tons. Crystal is distributed in Mengzhuang area of Baishi town.

Granite: it is distributed in wofoshan area of Baishi Township, with a total reserve of more than 20 million cubic meters, including 9.37 million cubic meters of actual resources and 10.7 million cubic meters of potential resources.

Mineral water: it is widely distributed and identified as high-quality natural mineral water by the state.

Kaolin: environmental protection mineral with certain scale and great potential, mainly distributed in Baishi township.

Biological resources

Wenshang County is rich in wheat, soybean, corn, cotton, vegetables and other economic crops, and has formed a production base of strawberry, leek, garlic, ginkgo, pepper, cantaloupe, Chinese herbal medicine, flowers and other fine varieties. There are 259 species in 104 families, and aquatic plants such as reed, lotus root and water chestnut. Aquatic animals such as carp, crucian carp, silver carp, grass carp and catfish, mammals such as rabbit, badger, beaver and hedgehog, and birds such as owl, sparrow and magpie.

Pomegranate was intensively cultivated in Wenshang County in 1995, and the planting area has grown to 66.4 hm2. Due to the lack of pomegranate cultivation and management experience, most pomegranate orchards have low yield, poor quality and low benefit. Therefore, the 42 hm26-8-year-old pomegranate orchards were technically reformed in Liulou, Ciqiu and Baishi towns from 2001 to 2003. The tested pomegranate varieties are Taishanhong, Dahongpao and daqingpitian, In 2000, the average yield per 667m2 was only 360kg, and the output value was 1080 yuan. In 2001-2003, the average yield per 667m2 was about 600 kg, 900 kg and 1100kg, and the output value was about 3600 yuan, 5400 yuan and 6600 yuan respectively

Manjingzi, also known as Jingzi and wanjingzi, is a Verbenaceae single leaf manjingzi. The mature fruit is used for medicine. Before the 1950s, most of them were wild. After the 1960s, their production gradually changed from wild to domestic. Mainly produced in Siwen, Dawen River area, Southwest Shandong is the main production area.

Pleurotus eryngii is rich in nutrition. It is named for its pleasant almond flavor and fleshy, such as abalone. Wenshang County is a traditional agricultural county, which is rich in cotton seed hull, sawdust, soybean straw and other crop waste materials, and the price is low. Wenshang County carried out the research on the culture material formula and cultivation technology of Pleurotus eryngii, and obtained a set of comprehensive cultivation technology. The implementation and demonstration of cultivation technology of Pleurotus eryngii transformed organic waste into high protein food, It promotes the transformation of natural materials and energy to the direction of human needs, improves the ecological environment, and promotes the good cycle of ecology.

Small Tail Han sheep is a famous mutton and fur sheep breed in China and even in the world. It is characterized by early maturity, multiple births, multiple lambs, fast growth, large physique, more meat production, good fur and stable heredity,

Chinese PinYin : Shan Dong Sheng Ji Ning Shi Wen Shang Xian