Zhangwan District, Shiyan City, Hubei Province

Zhangwan District Zhangwan district is the municipal district of Shiyan City, Hubei Province. It is the core water source area of the Middle Route Project of the national south to North Water Diversion Project, the birthplace of China's second automobile factory and the headquarters of Dongfeng commercial vehicle company. It is known as the "truck capital" of China, and is the largest economy in Shiyan City. It has jurisdiction over 2 townships, 2 towns, 4 streets and 1 provincial Economic Development Zone, covering an area of 657 square kilometers and a population of 415000. Hanshi high speed railway, Xiangyu railway, 316 national highway, 209 national highway and yinwu Expressway pass through the area. The scenic spots in the area include Dongfeng Automobile Industrial tourism area, Sifangshan ecological park, Huanglongtan industrial ecological tourism area, etc.

On April 29, 2019, the people's Government of Hubei Province decided to withdraw Zhangwan district from the poverty-stricken county.

Historical evolution

In the Neolithic age around 5000 BC, there were large-scale human activities in the zhuihe (formerly known as Huwei River and Xiliu River) basin and on both sides of the lower reaches of the Duhe River in Zhangwan. In the third year of King Zhuang of Chu (611 BC), the state of Chu destroyed the state of Wei, and Qin and Chu jointly attacked Yong. After destroying Yong, zhangwanyu belonged to Shangyong County of Chu. During the Warring States period and the Qin Dynasty, in the 35th year (280 BC) of King Jiyan of Zhou Nan, Qin attacked the central part of Chu and Guizhou, and Chu offered the northern part of Han Dynasty and Shangyong land to exchange with Qin for the central part of Guizhou. Zhangwan belongs to the state of Qin and the county of Chuanxian in the central part of Han Dynasty. In the Han Dynasty, Zhangwan belonged to Changli County (now Yun County) of Hanzhong county. In the sixth year of Jianwu (30 years) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the governor of Zhangwan came to Chuan county. Zhangwan belonged to Chuan county of Hanzhong county. in the Jin Dynasty, Weiyang county was established. Huanglong town is the seat of Weiyang County, and Zhangwan belongs to Weiyang County of Shangyong county. in Sui and Tang Dynasties, duyang county was set up in duhekou, and Zhangwan belongs to duyang county. In the first year of Tang Zhenguan (627), duyang county was removed into Yunxiang County, and Zhangwan county was returned to Yunxiang county. In the second year of Jingyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1277), Yunxiang county was changed to Yunxian County, and Zhangwan belongs to Yunxian County. In 1477, the Ming government opened the Pudi post road from Yunxian County to Zhushan, and set up four Pudi posts in Xiaoling, huaguoyuan, Xigou and yuezhuguan as the official communication system. During the Wanli period (1573-1619), Yunxian County implemented the village and town system, among which there were Huaguo village, Huanglong village, shujiadian village, Tumen village and Xiaoling town in Zhangwan. in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the establishment of villages and towns was abolished and village Baojia was set up. In 1770, Yunxian County changed the inspection department of leifengya to Huanglongtan. In the first year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1851), Huanglong established an established town. In 1922, Yunxian County was divided into seven districts, including six in Huanglong and seven in Shiyan. In June 1935, Yunxian County was set up as four district offices, including Huanglong and Shiyan. In December 1947, Yunxian County was liberated. From February to March, 1948, Shiyan district, Huaguo District, Huanglong district and Chadian district were established, which were subordinate to Yunxian County, the fourth (Liangyun) special office of Southern Shaanxi. Abolish the system of "Bao" and "Jia", and set up administrative villages under the district. At the beginning of 1958, 11 districts in Yunxian County were rebuilt into 19 townships. Among them, Shiyan district was changed to Shiyan Township, Huanglong district to Huanglong Township, Huaguo district to Wuba farm, Chadian district to Chadian Township, and the Township under the jurisdiction of the district was changed to management district. In September, all 18 townships (towns) in Yunxian County were converted into people's communes, implementing the system of integrating government and society. Among them, Shiyan township was changed into five-star people's commune, Huanglong Township into Dongfeng people's commune, Chadian Township into Dongfanghong people's commune, the name of May eighth farm remained unchanged, the administrative village (cooperative) was changed into production brigade at the same time, and the name of management area remained unchanged. In June 1961, 18 communes in Yunxian County were transformed into 15 districts and Chengguan towns. Shiyan (five-star people's commune) and Bailang (heroic people's commune) were merged into Shiyan district, Dongfeng people's commune was changed into Huanglong District, and Dongfanghong people's commune was changed into teashop district. In April 1967, the second automobile group started construction in lulugou brigade of Hongmiao commune, Shiyan district. in December 1969, Shiyan City was established. Shiyan district and Huanglong district were under the jurisdiction of Shiyan City, and Maoping commune of Chadian district was under the jurisdiction of Shiyan district. in January 1971, Shiyan district was withdrawn and merged, involving Shiyan district, Huanglong district and Huanglong town in Zhangwan District, and 11 communes including Shiyan, Qili, Hongmiao, Maoping, Dalu, huaguoyuan, Xigou, Fangtan, Daxia, Dongwan and Bailin were abolished at the same time, and five communes including Shiyan, Dongfeng, Huaguo, Huanglong and Daxia were established under the jurisdiction of Shiyan City. in November 1980, Shiyan City established four sub County streets, namely Zhangwan, Huaguo, Maojian and Wuyan, which are subordinate to Shiyan City. Among them, Zhangwan and Huaguo streets are located in Zhangwan. The residents committee of the central urban area under the jurisdiction of the Commune will be put under the jurisdiction of the street. In May 1984, Shiyan City set up districts and townships instead of communes. Eight communes including Shiyan, Tumen, Huaguo, Huanglong, Daxia, Maojian, Bailang and Dachuan were abolished, and four districts, 18 townships and one town were established. Among them, Huaguo District governs 8 townships of Fangtan, Shujia, Daxia, Bailin, Dalu, guofenglou (Changping in the same month), xianggongling, Caijia and Huanglong town; Bailang District governs 10 townships of Donggou, Maoping, Dachuan, Xiaochuan, Tangjia, maota, Daping, dingfang, Yuanyang and Damiao. Zhangwan Street directly under Shiyan City was renamed as Checheng road street, Huaguo street was renamed as Touyan street, both of which were reduced to the rank of Zhengke, and Tumen street was added, all of which were under the jurisdiction of Zhangwan district. In September, the production brigade in Jingyu changed its name to administrative village. In September 1986, Huaguo district and Bailang district were abolished in Shiyan City, and the areas under the jurisdiction of Huaguo District, Donggou Township and Maoping Township under the jurisdiction of Bailang district were put under the jurisdiction of Zhangwan district. Zhangwan District governs 8 townships of Fangtan, Shujia, Changping, xianggongling, Caijia, Dalu, Donggou and Maoping, 2 towns of Huanglong and Bolin, and 4 streets of Touyan, Hongwei, Checheng road and Tumen. In 1996, Zhangwan district covers an area of 650 square kilometers and has a population of about 240000. It has jurisdiction over 5 streets, 2 towns and 5 townships: Checheng road street, Hongwei street, Huaguo street, Hanjiang Road Street, Bailang street, Bolin Town, Huanglong Town, Fangtan Township, Xigou Township, Shu Township, Dalu Township and Maoping township. The district government is in park road. According to the fifth census in 2000, the total population of Zhangwan district is 321969, including 4 streets, 2 towns and 5 townships: 43964 in Huaguo street, 55263 in Hongwei street, 101752 in Checheng street, 61872 in Hanjiang street, 15162 in Huanglong Town, 9884 in Bolin Town, 4461 in Shujia Town, 7207 in Fangtan Township, 5861 in Dalu Township, 5242 in Xigou Township, 5982 in Maoping Township and 5982 in Xicheng development zone 5319. By the end of 2004, Zhangwan district had a total population of 320000, with jurisdiction over 4 streets, 2 towns, 2 townships, 40 neighborhood committees and 67 village committees. By the end of 2005, Zhangwan district had jurisdiction over 4 streets, 2 towns, 2 townships, 33 neighborhood committees and 67 village committees. According to the sixth census in 2010, the total resident population of Zhangwan district is 368471, including 49027 in Huaguo street, 85628 in Hongwei street, 121907 in Checheng road street, 77559 in Hanjiang Road Street, 14291 in Huanglong Town, 8689 in Bolin Town, 3442 in Fangtan Township, 3345 in Xigou Township, 4090 in Xicheng Development Zone, 229 in qinjiaping forest farm and 264 in Fenghuangshan tea farm. on March 6, 2019, the Central Propaganda Department, the Ministry of finance, the Ministry of culture and tourism, and the State Administration of cultural relics announced the list of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics (the first batch), in which Zhangwan district was included.

administrative division

Zhangwan District governs 2 townships, 2 towns, 4 streets and 1 provincial Economic Development Zone (Xicheng Economic Development Zone, Shiyan City), with a total population of 415000. on March 6, 2019, the Central Propaganda Department, the Ministry of finance, the Ministry of culture and tourism, and the State Administration of cultural relics confirmed the list of counties in the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization areas. Zhangwan district is the western part of Hunan and Hubei. geographical environment Zhangwan district is located in the middle of Shiyan City, Hubei Province. It borders Qingshan town of Yunyang District, Shiyan City in the East, Yuanyang Township, Wuyan street and Eryan street of Maojian District, Baoxia town and Yeda township of Yunyang District in the west, damuchang town of Fangxian County in the south, Dachuan town of Maojian District in the south, Wufeng Township, Liupi town and Chadian town of Yunyang District in the north. It is 110 ° 26 ′～ 110 ° 57 ′ e, 32 ° 23 ′～ 32 ° 47 ′ n, with the maximum straight-line distance of 38 km from east to west and 34 km from north to south. Zhangwan district has a subtropical continental monsoon climate, with four distinct seasons, long winter and summer, short spring and autumn; it heats up quickly in spring, with great changes in cold and warm; it rains hot and rainy in summer, with uneven precipitation; it cools down rapidly in autumn, with continuous autumn rain; it is less severe and cold in winter; the terrain is complex, with obvious three-dimensional climate. The annual average sunshine is 1889.3 hours, the average sunshine rate is 43%, and the total radiation is 106.6 kcal / cm2. Among them, biological radiation is 50.4 kcal / cm2. The annual average temperature is 15.25 ℃, the average temperature of the hottest month in July is 27.1 ℃, the average temperature of the coldest month in January is 2.6 ℃, and the annual temperature difference is 24.5 ℃. The annual average frost free period is 246 days, the annual average rainfall is 1000.8 mm, and the precipitation is mainly concentrated in July to September. Because the terrain is high in the South and low in the north, the temperature decreases from north to south, the annual average temperature difference between North and south is 3.5 ℃, and the frost free period difference is about 50 days.

Traffic situation

In Zhangwan District, Xiangyu railway and national highway 316 cross the East and West, national highway 209 runs through the north and south, Shiyan to Manchuan section of Fuyin Expressway and its branch line Shiyan to Baihe section pass through Zhangwan District, and there are three interchanges of Shiyan West, Zhangwan and Huanglong. County Highway

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng Shi Yan Shi Zhang Wan Qu