Dongcheng District, Beijing Municipality

Dongcheng District, subordinate to Beijing, is located in the east of the central urban area of Beijing. It borders Chaoyang District in the East and North, Fengtai District in the South and Xicheng District in the West. It is between 116 ° 22'17 "- 116 ° 26'46" east longitude and 39 ° 51'26 "- 39 ° 58'22" north latitude. The maximum distance between East and West is 5.2 km, and the maximum distance between North and south is 13 km, with a total area of 41.84 square kilometers.

Dongcheng District is the most concentrated area of cultural relics and historic sites in Beijing, with 16 national cultural relics protection units, 60 municipal cultural relics protection units and 18.5 Beijing historical and cultural protection zones.

In 2019, Dongcheng District has 17 streets under its jurisdiction, with 794000 permanent residents, realizing a GDP of 291.04 billion yuan, of which the added value of the secondary industry is 8.75 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry is 282.29 billion yuan. According to the permanent population, the total per capita regional production of the whole district reaches 360000 yuan (equivalent to 52000 US dollars according to the annual average exchange rate).

Historical evolution

In the early Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to Ji City of Ji state, and later to Ji City of Yan state.

Ji county was established in Qin Dynasty.

In the new mang period, it was renamed varong county.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was renamed Jixian.

Liao Huitong first year (938), renamed Jibei county. Kaitai first year (1012), renamed Xijin county.

Jin Zhenyuan two years (1154), renamed Daxing County.

In 1905, there were 46 police administrative districts, including 26 districts in inner city and 20 districts in outer city. In the 34th year, inner city merged into 13 districts and outer city merged into 10 districts. In the second year of Xuantong (1910), the inner city was further merged into 10 districts. All the districts from the inner left first district to the inner left fourth district and the outer left first district to the outer left Fifth District, and the eastern part of the middle first district and the middle second district belong to the present district.

In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), shuntianfu was changed into Jingzhao District, and Jingdu government office was set up to govern the urban area. The suburbs belonged to Daxing County, Jingzhao district. In 1925, four suburbs were set up, including Eastern, southern and northern suburbs. In June 1928, the special city of Peiping was set up. The 20 urban districts were merged into 11 districts. The districts under its jurisdiction belong to the inner one district, the inner three districts, the outer one district, and the outer three districts. The inner five districts, the inner six districts, and the Eastern half of the outer five districts. The suburbs still belong to the eastern suburbs, the southern suburbs, and the northern suburbs. In 1943, seven inner districts were added, and the eastern half of the district was under the present jurisdiction. In 1947, the four suburban districts were changed into eight suburban districts, and the suburbs were divided into three districts: suburb 1, suburb 2, suburb 3 and suburb 8. According to the number, the urban area belongs to the first, the third, the eighth and the tenth four districts, the eastern half of the fifth, the sixth, the seventh and the twelfth four districts, and the suburbs belong to the thirteenth, the fourteenth, the fifteenth and the twentieth four districts.

After 1949, the public security district was changed into an administrative district. In May 1950, the inner city was divided into five districts, and the outer city into four districts. The area under the jurisdiction of the first, third and seventh districts was the whole, and the fifth, sixth and ninth districts were the eastern half. In July 1952, the Fifth District was removed, and the East was divided into the first and third districts; in September, the first district was renamed Dongdan District, the third district Dongsi District, the seventh district Chongwen District, the Sixth District Qianmen District, and the ninth district Chongwen District. In December 1954, Dongdan district was divided into 15 streets; Dongsi district was divided into 21 streets; Chongwen District was divided into 18 streets. In June 1958, Dongdan district and Dongsi district were merged into Dongcheng District, with 10 streets under its jurisdiction; Qianmen district was withdrawn, with its eastern half under Chongwen District, with 7 streets under its jurisdiction.

On June 28, 2010, Chongwen District was merged into Dongcheng District.

administrative division

In 2019, Dongcheng District governs 17 streets. Dongcheng District People's government is stationed at No. 3, Qianliang Hutong, Jingshan street.

geographical environment

Location context

Dongcheng District is located in the east of Beijing. The north and East are connected with Chaoyang District, the South with Fengtai District, and the West with Xicheng District, between 116 ° 22'17 "- 116 ° 26'46" E and 39 ° 51'26 "- 39 ° 58'22" n. It is 5.2 km wide from east to west and 13.0 km long from north to south, with a total area of 41.84 square kilometers.

Geology and geomorphology

Dongcheng District is located on the back of the alluvial fan-shaped land of Yongding River, on the open plain which slowly descends from the Northwest Mountainous area to the southeast, and the terrain gently inclines from north to south. The terrain is gently inclined alluvial plain area. The highest point is located in Nanluoguxiang, 49 meters above sea level, and the lowest point is located in the southeast of Longtan East Lake, 36 meters above sea level.

Climatic characteristics

The climate of Dongcheng District is a typical warm temperate continental monsoon climate, which is characterized by cold winter and hot summer with four distinct seasons. The annual average temperature is 11.5 ℃, the average temperature in January is - 4.6 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 20 ℃; the average temperature in July is 25 ℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 40 ℃. The lowest monthly average temperature is - 10 ℃, and the highest is 25.9 ℃. The average annual temperature range is 29.8 ℃, and the maximum daily temperature range is 24.2 ℃ (March 26, 2000). The annual average sunshine is 2556.9 hours, and the annual total radiation is 4937.6 MJ / m2. The average annual precipitation is 626 mm. The average annual precipitation days are 71.2 days. The maximum snowfall is 24 days (winter of 1986) and the minimum is 3 days (winter of 1982). The extreme annual maximum rainfall is 813.2 mm (1994). The minimum rainfall in extreme years is 266.9 mm (1999). The rainfall is concentrated from July to August every year, especially in late July and early August.

General situation of hydrology

The river course in Dongcheng District belongs to Haihe River Basin. There are 1 secondary river, namely Tonghui River, which is a river across districts and counties, with a total length of 6.1 km; 4 tertiary rivers, namely Liangma River, Qiansanmen moat, north moat and East moat, which are all rivers across districts and counties, with a total length of 12.7 km; 1 tertiary River, Jinshui River, which is a river within districts and counties, with a total length of 2.1 km; 5 tertiary River, which is Tongzi River, with a total length of 2.3 dry meters. The total length of the river is 23.1km, and the river network density is 0.55km/km2. Tonghui river is the largest river in the territory. It flows from Yongdingmen bridge into Dongcheng District, along the south 2nd Ring Road through Jingtai bridge and Wangfei Park, to Yufei bridge into Fengtai District, then from zuoaanmen bridge to Dongcheng District, along the East 2nd Ring Road through Longtan Park, Guangqumen bridge and DongBianMen bridge, and eastward into Chaoyang District. The total length is 56.3 km, and the drainage area is 297.1 square kilometers. The main tributaries are Qiansanmen River, north moat, East moat, etc. There are also five lakes in the territory: Longtan Donghu Lake, Longtan Zhonghu lake, Longtan Xihu Lake, Qingnian lake and Liuyin lake, with a total water storage area of 0.4 square kilometers.

natural resources

Geothermal resources

The main natural resources in Dongcheng District are geothermal resources, which are distributed in the direction of southwest-northeast. The southeast of Chaoyang Gate Qianmen oblique line is the most abundant. The aquifer is shallow, ranging from 1000m to 1600m; the aquifer in the northwest is slightly deeper, ranging from 2000m to 3000m. The geothermal temperature is between 40 ℃ and 70 ℃.

population

By the end of 2019, the permanent resident population of Dongcheng District was 794000, a decrease of 28000 or 3.4% compared with the end of last year. Among them, there were 154000 permanent immigrants, a decrease of 11000 or 6.7% compared with the end of last year, accounting for 19.4% of the permanent population. The density of permanent residents was 18977 people / km2, 669 people / km2 less than that at the end of last year. At the end of the year, 988 thousand people registered residence in the whole district.

Economics

overview

In 2019, Dongcheng District will achieve a GDP of 291.04 billion yuan, an increase of 6% over the previous year in terms of comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the tertiary industry will reach 282.29 billion yuan, an increase of 6.2%, accounting for 97% of the region's total economy; the added value of the secondary industry will reach 8.75 billion yuan, a decrease of 0.6%, accounting for 3% of the region's total economy. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP of the whole region reaches 360000 yuan (equivalent to 52000 US dollars at the annual average exchange rate). From the perspective of major industries, the financial industry accounts for the largest proportion, with an added value of 76.98 billion yuan, an increase of 8.4%, accounting for 26.4% of the total economic volume of the region.

Investment in fixed assets

In 2019, the investment in fixed assets in Dongcheng District decreased by 8.8% over the previous year. Among them, investment in real estate development decreased by 58.4% over the previous year. By industry, the investment in the secondary industry decreased by 41.5% over the previous year, and the investment in the tertiary industry decreased by 7.6%. The investment and construction area of fixed assets in the region is 2.293 million square meters, of which the real estate development and construction area is 1.484 million square meters; the investment and completion area of fixed assets in the region is 101 thousand square meters, of which the real estate development and completion area is 36 thousand square meters.

Revenue and expenditure

In 2019, the general public budget revenue of Dongcheng District will reach 18.97 billion yuan, an increase of 8% over the previous year. Among them, the value-added tax was 5.43 billion yuan, an increase of 4.6%; the enterprise income tax was 4.97 billion yuan, a decrease of 3.1%; the real estate tax was 3 billion yuan, an increase of 6.3%; the urban maintenance and construction tax was 1.28 billion yuan, a decrease of 5.5%.

In 2019, Dongcheng District's general public budget expenditure (excluding fund budget expenditure) will reach 25.93 billion yuan, an increase of 3.1% over the previous year. Urban and rural community expenditure, education expenditure, social security expenditure and employment expenditure are the main directions of public financial budget expenditure, with 6.69 billion yuan, 7.06 billion yuan and 3.45 billion yuan respectively, accounting for 66.3%.

People's life

In 2019,

Chinese PinYin : Bei Jing Shi Shi Xia Qu Dong Cheng Qu