Huaian City, Jiangsu Province

Huaian Huaian is located in the north central part of Jiangsu Province and the east of Jianghuai plain. Located in the Yangtze River Delta, it is an important central city in Northern Jiangsu Province. Nanjing metropolitan area is a close circle city. It is the first city in the Huaihe River ecological economic belt. It is located at the intersection of the ancient Huaihe River and the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is located on the North-South dividing line "Qinling Huaihe River" in China. It has the fourth largest freshwater lake in China, Hongze Lake. It is a national civilized city, a national historical and cultural city, and a national health city National Garden City, national environmental protection model city, national low carbon pilot city, China's excellent tourism city. As one of the main birthplaces of Huaiyang cuisine, it is also one of the birthplaces of ancient culture in Jianghuai River Basin.

Huai'an has a history of more than 2200 years. The county was established in the Qin Dynasty, and there is a famous "qingliangang culture" site in the territory. It used to be the hub of water transport and the hub of salt transport, with the governor's office of water transport and Jiangnan river. Historically, Huai'an, together with Suzhou, Hangzhou and Yangzhou, was known as the "four metropolises" along the canal. Huai'an was once "prosperous and prosperous because of transportation" and was known as "the capital of China's canals". Huai'an section of the Grand Canal of China has been included in the world heritage list. Huai'an is located in the core area to the north of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, adjacent to the coastal waters of the Yangtze River. It is an important traffic route from south to north, with unique geographical advantages. It is not only an important transportation hub in Jiangsu Province, but also a regional transportation hub in the northern part of the Yangtze River Delta.

Huai'an is the hometown of Premier Zhou Enlai. In history, Han Xin, a great military strategist, Mei Cheng, a great master of Han Fu, Liang Hongyu, a heroine, Wu Chengen, a national hero, Guan Tianpei, and Liu E were born.

Huai'an has famous red tourist attractions such as Zhou Enlai's hometown, Liu Laozhuang's 82 martyrs cemetery, huanghuatang New Fourth Army military headquarters memorial hall, Jiangsu Anhui border region government site memorial hall, etc., ecological tourist attractions such as ancient Huaihe River cultural ecological scenic spot, Li Canal cultural corridor, Hongze Lake ancient weir scenic spot, first Mountain National Forest Park, Qingyan garden, Jinhu water forest park, etc.

Evolution of organizational system

ancient

In the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, in 486 B.C., King fuchai of Wu excavated the first section of the Grand Canal in China, namely, the section from Yangzhou to Chuzhou of the Grand Canal, to connect the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, which was accompanied by the canal. Therefore, it became an important area contested by the powers in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, and was successively owned by Wu, Yue and Chu.

After the unification of the six states, the system of prefectures and counties was carried out in Qin Dynasty. The city is divided into Sishui county and Donghai County, with Huaiyin (today's dock town in Huaiyin District), Xuyi (today's northeast of Xuyi county) and Dongyang (today's southeast of MABA in Xuyi county). In the Western Han Dynasty, the city was generally located in linhuai County, with huaipu (West of Lianshui County), Sheyang (southeast of Huai'an District) and Fuling (middle of Hongze Lake). The Eastern Han Dynasty was divided into xiapi state and Guangling county.

During the period of Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, the city was at the forefront of war and confrontation for a long time. Its construction was disorderly and its subordination was changeable. Today's urban docktowns and Huaicheng towns were military fortresses at that time, and most of them set up prefectures and prefectures as the places where frontier commanders stationed. The long years of war brought about a miserable scene of "between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, thousands of miles of red land", which seriously damaged the economy and culture. In the seventh year of Yongming (489) of the Southern Qi Dynasty, to the east of cutting straight and breaking cauldron, Huaiyin town had 100 lower class households in Huai'an county.

During the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties period, the territory was in a stable environment for a long time, and its construction was relatively stable. Most of Huaibei belonged to Sizhou (which governs the north of Xuyi county and the other side of Huaihe River), and Huainan belonged to Chuzhou (which governs Huaicheng in Huai'an District). The economy was able to develop continuously and prosper again. Chuzhou and Sizhou have become two famous national cities along the canal, and Chuzhou has been praised by Bai Juyi as "the first state in the southeast of huaishui".

In the Northern Song Dynasty, the territory was relatively peaceful. The city first belonged to Huainan Road, Chuzhou and Sizhou respectively; then Huainan road was divided into Huainan East Road and Huainan West Road, and the city belonged to Huainan East Road.

During the confrontation period between the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the market became the front line again and again, which was repeatedly contested by both sides, and the construction was also in disorder. In the Yuan Dynasty, huaidong pacification department, huaidong general manager's office and Huaian road were successively set up in the territory. Huai'an road covers most of Northern Jiangsu and one part of Northern Anhui.

In the Ming Dynasty, Huai'an Prefecture was established, belonging to Nanjing (nanzhili); it has jurisdiction over Shanyang, Qinghe, Yancheng, Antong, Taoyuan, Suqian, Shuyang, Suining, Ganyu, Pizhou and Haizhou, including 9 counties and 2 states, covering most of the five cities in Northern Jiangsu. In the meantime, there were also governors of water transport and Nanhe stationed in Huai'an Prefecture. The governor of water transport also often patrols the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, controlling the four prefectures of Huai (an), Yang (Zhou), Lu (Zhou), Feng (Yang) and the three prefectures of Xu (Zhou), Chu (Zhou) and he (Zhou). His jurisdiction covers the vast area north of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.

In the Qing Dynasty, Huai'an Prefecture was established under the system of Ming Dynasty, which belonged to Jiangnan province. During the reign of Kangxi, it was changed to Jiangsu Province. The jurisdiction of the Prefecture was narrowed down to Haizhou Zhili prefecture (Shuyang County and Ganyu County), and Pizhou (Suqian county and Suining County) belonged to the new Xuzhou Prefecture. Until the end of the Qing Dynasty, Huai'an Prefecture had jurisdiction over six counties, Shanyang, Qinghe, Yancheng, Funing, Anton and Taoyuan, commonly known as the "six genera of Huai".

Modern times

In 1905, the province of Jianghuai was established. Huai'an was the place where the governor of Jianghuai was stationed, that is, the provincial council was located.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Huai'an Prefecture was abolished, and all counties were directly under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province; in the next year, Shanyang County was renamed Huai'an County, and Qinghe County was renamed Huaiyin county. In the future, most of Huai'an City is under Huaiyang Road (the road department is set up in today's Huai'an urban area), and then under Huaiyin administrative supervision district and the seventh administrative supervision district.

During the Anti Japanese War and the war of liberation, the territory became an important base and liberated area. The central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, the military headquarters of the New Fourth Army, the central China branch of the CPC Central Committee, the central China military region, and the Jiangsu Anhui border region government were all stationed in the territory. Because of the environment behind the enemy's lines, the administrative divisions of the base areas and liberated areas have changed greatly, and they have many different ideas. Most of them belong to Huaihai District, Yanfu District, Huainan district and Huaibei district. During the period from the victory of the Anti Japanese War to September 1946, Huai'an was the center of the liberated area in Central China and the capital of the Jiangsu Anhui border region. It was bounded by the Yangtze River in the south, the Longhai Railway in the north, the Yellow Sea in the East and Yuxikou in the West. It crossed the border of the four provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan and Shandong, and governed 53 old counties. In December 1948, the city was completely liberated.

In 1949, Huaiyin special region was established, which governs Huaiyin, huaibao (composed of some areas west of the canal in former Huai'an and BAOYING counties, and the county people's government is stationed in Chahe town), Siyang, Shuyang, Guanyun, Suqian, Suining, Xin'an (composed of some areas in former Shuyang and Suqian counties, and the county people's government is stationed in Xin'an town), pisui (composed of the south of Longhai Road in former Pi county and the north of Suining County) The county people's government is located in 10 counties (Tushan Town, Lianshui County). The office of the Commissioner is located in Huaiyin county.

In 1950, Liandong County of Yancheng district was merged into Lianshui County of Huaiyin District; huaibao county was abolished and merged into Baoying County of Huaiyin, Huai'an and Yangzhou district respectively; Qingjiang city was established in Huaiyin County; Huaiyin District governed one city and nine counties.

In January 1953, the administrative offices in southern and Northern Jiangsu merged with Nanjing city to restore Jiangsu Province. Huaiyin District belongs to Jiangsu Province, and the special office is located in Qingjiang city. In the same year, Suining, pisui and Xinyi counties were assigned to Xuzhou.

In 1954, Huai'an county was transferred from Yancheng District to Huaiyin District; in December of the same year, Sihong County, which originally belonged to Suxian District of Anhui Province, and Xuyi county, which belonged to Chuxian District, was transferred to Huaiyin District, with nine counties under its jurisdiction.

In 1970, Huaiyin District was renamed Huaiyin District, and its special office was located in Qingjiang city.

In 1971, Xuyi county and Jinhu County of Liuhe prefecture were divided into Huaiyin Prefecture, with one city and 12 counties under its jurisdiction.

In 1983, Qingjiang city changed its name to Huaiyin City, which was directly under the provincial government, and Huaiyin District was abolished. Qinghe District and Qingpu District are set up in the urban area. Lianshui County, Hongze County, Xuyi county, Jinhu County, Guannan County, Shuyang County, Suqian County, Siyang County, Sihong County, Huaiyin county and Huai'an county are under the leadership of Huaiyin City, which governs two districts and 11 counties. At the same time, Guanyun county was put under the leadership of Lianyungang City.

In 1987, Huai'an county and Suqian county were changed into county-level cities.

In August 1996, Suqian City, Shuyang County, Siyang County and Sihong County separated from Huaiyin City and established prefecture level Suqian City. At the same time, Guannan county was included in Lianyungang City.

In 2001, Jiangsu provincial government implemented the strategy of "three Huaihe integration". Huaiyin City at prefecture level was renamed Huai'an City, Huaian city at county level was renamed Chuzhou District of Huai'an City, and Huaiyin county was renamed Huaiyin District of Huai'an City.

In 2012, Chuzhou District of Huai'an City was renamed Huai'an district.

In 2016, Qinghe District and Qingpu District of Huai'an City merged and renamed qingjiangpu District, and Hongze County renamed Hongze District of Huai'an City.

So far, Huai'an City has four districts and three counties: qingjiangpu District, Huaiyin District, Huai'an District, Hongze District, Lianshui County, Xuyi county and Jinhu County.

administrative division

Huai'an is a city under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province. It has four districts and three counties: qingjiangpu District, Huaiyin District, Huai'an District, Hongze District, Lianshui County, Xuyi county and Jinhu County. In addition, the state-level Huai'an Economic and Technological Development Zone is listed separately. By the end of 2016, Huai'an had 17 sub district offices and 108 townships, including 22 townships and 86 towns.

geographical environment

Location context

Huai'an City is located in the central area of Northern Jiangsu Province. It is located between 32 ° 43 ˊ 00 "～ 34 ° 06 ˊ 00" n and 118 ° 12 ˊ 00 "～ 119 ° 36 ˊ 30" E. It is adjacent to Lianyungang City in the north, Yancheng City in the East, Yangzhou City and Chuzhou City in Anhui Province in the south, and Suqian City in the West. The largest straight-line distance between East and West is 132 km, and the largest straight-line distance between North and south is 150 km, covering an area of 10072 square kilometers.

terrain

Huai'an City is located in the Huang Huai plain and the Jiang Huai plain,

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Huai An Shi