Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Chifeng Chifeng City, one of the nine prefecture level cities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is located in the southeast of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, at the intersection of Mongolia, Hebei and Liaoning provinces. It borders Chaoyang City in Liaoning Province in the southeast, Chengde City in Hebei Province in the southwest, Tongliao City in Inner Mongolia in the East, and ancient Xilinguole League in Inner Mongolia in the northwest. The city is located in the inland, belongs to the temperate semi-arid continental monsoon climate zone, with a total area of 90275 square kilometers, under the jurisdiction of 3 districts, 7 banners and 2 counties. In 2019, the permanent resident population will be 4.3412 million. It is the most populous city in Inner Mongolia and the central city in the east of Inner Mongolia.

Chifeng means red mountain. The Mongolian word "Ulan hada" is named after the ochre red peak in the northeast of the city. Chifeng City was originally Zhaowuda League. Zhaowuda is Mongolian, which means "hundred willows" in Chinese translation. The municipal government is located in Songshan District.

As of June 2018, there are 50 national cultural relics protection units in Chifeng, and 8 cultural relics named after the local place names. Chifeng is also known as the "hometown of jade dragon" because of the discovery of jade dragon, the "national treasure" of Hongshan culture. Chifeng area used to be the political, economic and cultural center of Liao Dynasty. Its two major cities, liaoshangjing and liaozhongjing, were located in Balinzuoqi and Ningcheng county respectively. Karaqin Prince's residence is the largest existing Mongolian Prince's residence in Qing Dynasty in China. Hongshan cultural site and Liao cultural site have been listed in the preparatory list of China's world cultural heritage.

In December 2018, the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas identified it as the second batch of agricultural products with Chinese characteristics. On August 13, 2019, it will be selected as a pilot city for the construction of national urban medical consortium. In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

In 2019, the Gross Regional Product of Chifeng City will reach 170.84 billion yuan.

From the late Shang Dynasty to the Warring States period, the Donghu nationality was the main group in Chifeng. In the late Warring States period, Yanbei Great Wall, which was built by Yan in the border area, passed through the south of Chifeng. The southern part of Chifeng is Beiping County on the right of Yan, which is located in Ningcheng and Heicheng. Yan governs gouze capital, Yang'an capital, baigeng capital and Youcheng capital.

Qin and six states, until the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Rao Le Du Du Du Fu and song Mo Du Du Fu were set up on the basis of Guishan king of northern Yan.

In the Liao Dynasty, the whole territory belonged to linhuang mansion in Shangjing and Dading mansion in Zhongjing. Shangjing was the capital of Liao Dynasty, and Zhongjing was the largest accompanying capital.

In Jin Dynasty, the local administrative region was set up as road, government, state and county. Today, Chifeng City belongs to Beijing road.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Shangdu road belonged to Zhongshu Province, Daning Road, Quanning road and Yingchang road belonged to Liaoyang province.

In the Ming Dynasty, the frontier areas were controlled by the capital department, the health office and the subordinate department. The establishment of the region is roughly based on the early years of Yongle (1403-1424), which can be divided into two periods. In the early period, it belonged to daningdusi, and in the later period, it belonged to wuliangha Sanwei under the jurisdiction of nurgandhusi.

In the Qing Dynasty, most of them belonged to Zhaowuda League and some to zhuosotu League.

In the early period of the Republic of China, the whole territory successively belonged to Rehe special region and Rehe province.

From August 15, 1945 to October 1, 1949, the southern part of the country belonged to Rezhong, 22nd and Reliao districts respectively. The northern part first belongs to "Zhaowuda province" and rebei special region set up by the Eastern Mongolian Autonomous Government, and then belongs to Zhaowuda League. It belongs to Rehe province.

From October 1, 1949 to December 31, 1955, Zhaowuda League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was in the north, which governed four banners of aruhorqin, Balinzuo, Balinyou, Keshiketeng and Linxi County; in the south, three banners of Aohan, karaqin, Wengniute, three counties of Ningcheng, Chifeng, Wudan and Chifeng City belonged to Rehe province.

On January 1, 1956, Rehe province was abolished, and its Aohan, Kalaqin and Wengniute banners, Ningcheng, Chifeng and Wudan counties were included in Zhaowuda League. The people's Committee of Zhaowuda League was moved from Lindong to Chifeng.

On July 5, 1969, Zhaowuda League was transferred from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to Liaoning Province.

On July 1, 1979, Zhaowuda League was transferred back to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from Liaoning Province.

On October 9, 1983, the whole territory was called Zhaowuda League, with jurisdiction over seven banners, namely, aruhorqin, Balinzuo, Balinyou, Keshiketeng, Wengniute, karaqin and Aohan, three counties, Linxi, Ningcheng and Chifeng, and Chifeng City.

On October 10, 1983, with the approval of the State Council, the administrative office of Zhaowuda League was abolished, Chifeng City was established, and the system of city governing county was implemented. Its jurisdiction was the same as that of the original Zhaowuda League. The newly established Chifeng City is divided into three districts, with jurisdiction over seven banners and two counties, namely: Hongshan District, suburb (now Songshan District), Yuanbaoshan District; aruhorqin banner, Balinzuo banner, Balinyou banner, Keshiketeng Banner, Wengniute Banner, karaqin banner, Aohan banner; Linxi County and Ningcheng county.

administrative division

By the end of 2017, Chifeng City had a total of 12 county-level administrative regions, including 3 municipal districts, 2 counties and 7 banners, including Hongshan District, Songshan District, Yuanbaoshan District, Linxi County, Ningcheng County, aruhorqin banner, Balinzuo banner, Balinyou banner, Keshiketeng Banner, Wengniute Banner, karaqin banner and Aohan banner. Chifeng Municipal People's government is located at No. 1, Yulong Street, Songshan District.

geographical environment

Location context

Chifeng City is located in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the western end of Northeast China, the upper reaches of Xiliao River, the southwest part of Daxinganling Mountains and the northern foot of Yanshan Mountains, the compound intersection of Inner Mongolia high plain and Xiliao River Plain. The Xilamulun River and Laoha river run through the middle of Chifeng. The geographical coordinates are 41 ° 17 ′ 10 ″ - 45 ° 24 ′ 15 ″ N and 116 ° 21 ′ 07 ″ - 120 ° 58 ′ 52 ″ E. The total area is 90021 square kilometers.

topographic features

Chifeng City is located in the southeast of Inner Mongolia. It is located in the south section of Daxing'an Mountains and the north foot of Yanshan Mountains. It is a complex part of Inner Mongolia Plateau, northern Hebei hills and Liaoning plain. It has a unique geographical location and geological structure. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides, high in the West and low in the East, mountainous and hilly. The landform of Chifeng City is complex and diverse, with overlapping hills, undulating hills, alternating canyons and crisscross gullies. There are only small mountain plains and alluvial plains along the river. The structure is "seven mountains, one water and two fields". There are many natural types of land, such as mountains, hills, hills, hills, rivers and plains. It is generally divided into four terrain areas: Northern hilly area, southern hilly area, western high plain area and eastern plain area, with an altitude of 300-2000 meters. In the East is Daxing triangle where Xilamulun River and Laoha River converge, with an altitude of less than 300 meters, which is the lowest terrain of Chifeng City; in the west, daguangdingzi mountain, which is at the junction of Keqi, Songshan District and Weichang County of Hebei Province, with an altitude of 2067 meters, is the first peak of Chifeng City. The main mountain ranges are the southern section of the Great Xing'an Mountains, Nuluerhu and Qilaotu. The terrain ratio of the whole city is about 1700 meters high. The river is basically along the natural terrain, from west to East, into the Xiliao River into the sea, the current is turbulent, large drop.

climate

Chifeng City is located in the inland, belongs to temperate semi-arid continental monsoon climate zone. The annual average temperature in most areas is 0-7 ℃, and the distribution of annual average temperature in the whole city increases from northwest to Southeast. The average annual precipitation of the whole city is 381 mm, and 350-450 mm in most areas. Due to the influence of topography and monsoon, the distribution trend of precipitation gradually decreases from southwest to northeast. The sunshine hours in all parts of the city are mostly 2800-3100 hours. four distinctive seasons. Winter is long and cold, with less snow and more wind. In spring, the temperature rises quickly, and it is dry and windy. Summer is short and rainfall is concentrated. In autumn, the temperature drops rapidly, the frost comes early and the weather is sunny.

hydrology

There are four river basins in Chifeng City, namely Xiliao River Basin, inland river basin, Daling River Basin and Luanhe River Basin. There are 333 rivers with an area of more than 50 square kilometers, forming eight water systems, namely, Xiliao River, Xinkai River, Jiaolai River, Daling River, Dalinor River, Xilinguole River, Laoha River and Luanhe River. There are 128 lakes in the city, including 12 lakes with annual water area of 1 square kilometer or above. Dalinor lake, with the largest area, is a soda type brackish lake, and Hongshan reservoir is the largest artificial lake, with a capacity of 2.56 billion cubic meters. Other famous ones are ganpaozi, buridong paozi, dalaha lake, xiaoheyanshui Township, etc.

natural resources

water resource

Chifeng City is located in the upper reaches of the Liaohe River Basin, which is the main runoff producing area of the West Liaohe River Basin. The average annual precipitation of the whole city is 380mm, the precipitation in flood season accounts for more than 80% of the whole year, and the average annual evaporation is 1600-2500 mm. The total amount of water resources in the city is 3.898 billion cubic meters. The per capita water consumption of water resources is 851 cubic meters, which is 40% of the national per capita water consumption, far lower than the internationally recognized warning line of 1700 cubic meters per capita water consumption.

mineral resources

Chifeng City is one of the important bases of precious metals and nonferrous metals in China, which straddles the Great Xing'an Mountains and the northern margin of North China platform. In 2010, Chifeng City was named as "the hometown of nonferrous metals in China" by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, and became the only prefecture level city with this honor in China. According to experts' estimation, the potential value of the city's mineral resources prospective reserves is more than 5 trillion yuan. The city has discovered 83 kinds of mineral resources and more than 1600 mineral areas. The main minerals are nonferrous metals such as copper, lead, zinc, tin, tungsten and molybdenum, precious metals such as gold and silver, and black metals such as manganese and iron. The city has abundant reserves and considerable value. The territory of limestone, fluorite, silica, tourmaline, pyrophyllite and other non-metallic mineral resources are also very rich. Among them, Palin stone has become one of the four major stones. At present, more than 900 exploration rights and 857 mining rights have been set up in the city, and ZHUANSHANZI GOLD MINE IN Aohan banner, Jinchanggouliang Gold Mine in Aohan banner, Chaihulanzi gold mine in Songshan District and Dashui gold mine in Kalaqin banner have been built

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu Chi Feng Shi