Fuxin City, Liaoning Province

Fuxin Fuxin, a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province, is located in the low mountains and hills in the west of Liaoning Province. It is the central city in the northwest of Liaoning Province and one of the important cities in Shenyang Economic Zone. The middle transitional zone between Inner Mongolia Plateau and Liaohe Plain in Northeast China presents a long rectangle with its central axis obliquely intersecting at the intersection of 42 ° 10 ′ N and 122 ° 00 ′ E. It is 170 kilometers long from east to west and 84 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 10445 square kilometers. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast; high in the southwest and low in the northeast. It has jurisdiction over five districts and two counties, with a total population of 1.837 million in 2019.

Fuxin has a long history and culture. Because of the first jade in the world and the first dragon in China, it is known as the "hometown of jade dragon and the beginning of civilization". Fuxin is the cradle of Qidan nationality, the hometown of Wudang Master Zhang Sanfeng, and the Oriental Communication Center of Tibetan Buddhism. Daqinggou, wulanmutu mountain, Zhanggutai, namuslai and other boundless and boundless frontier scenery can be seen vaguely the former glory of the Royal ranch in Qing Dynasty. Fuxin geothermal hot spring is a rare multi micro compound medical hot spring at home and abroad. Fuxin agate carving crafts have been listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage.

In 2020, the city's GDP will reach 50.46 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 2.3% at comparable prices, 5.8 percentage points higher than that in the first quarter. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 11.5 billion yuan, an increase of 3.7%; the added value of the secondary industry was 12.97 billion yuan, an increase of 3.8%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 25.99 billion yuan, an increase of 0.9%.

Historical evolution

Fuxin has a long history. In a few years, it was under the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Dynasty. In most years, it was under the jurisdiction of the minority regime and belonged to the frontier area.

In the spring and Autumn period of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Shanrong and Donghu people lived here. During the Warring States period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the great wall of Yan traversed the territory. To the north of the great wall of Yan was still Donghu, and to the South was between the counties of Liaoxi and Liaodong.

In the Qin Dynasty, the Xiongnu defeated Donghu in the second year of the second year of the Qin Dynasty (208 BC).

In the Western Han Dynasty, the History Department of the Han Dynasty was still left to Xiongnu. In the fourth year of Yuanshou (119 B.C.) of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, after the Han Dynasty defeated Xiongnu, it belonged to Wuhuan.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Fuxin now belongs to Xianbei in the north and Weidi in the south.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, in 274, Fuxin now belongs to the Murong area of Xianbei in the north and Changli County of Pingzhou in the South and southwest. In 289, Fuxin is under the jurisdiction of Murong department.

In the Sixteen States of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Fuxin was occupied by several replaced separatist regimes, such as Qianyan, qianqin, Houyan and Beiyan. In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Fuxin was under the jurisdiction of Khitan.

In the Sui Dynasty, the northern part of Fuxin was under the jurisdiction of Qidan, and the southern part was under the jurisdiction of Yan County of the Sui Dynasty.

In the Tang Dynasty, Fuxin was under the jurisdiction of Qidan in the north and Yingzhou in the north of Tanghe road in the south. In the 22nd year of Zhenguan (648), song Mo Du Fu was set up in Qidan pastoral area in the Tang Dynasty. Today, the northern part of Fuxin is under the jurisdiction of song Mo Du Fu, while the southern part is still under the jurisdiction of Ying Zhou.

At the beginning of Liao Dynasty, Fuxin now belongs to Shangjing road.

In the Jin Dynasty, a small part of the southern Fuxin was under the jurisdiction of Guangning Prefecture, Dongjing Road, and the whole Fuxin City, the northern Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County, and Zhangwu County were under the jurisdiction of Yizhou.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the northern part of Fuxin was under the jurisdiction of Ningchang road in Zhongshu Province, the southern part was under the jurisdiction of Guangning Prefecture, and most of the middle part was under the jurisdiction of Liaoyang road. In the Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty, Fuxin now belongs to the command department of Liaodong capital and the command department of Beiping capital.

During the Zhengtong and Jingtai years of the Ming Dynasty, Fuxin now belongs to Taining Wei and Fuyu Wei respectively.

In the second year of Chongde in the Qing Dynasty (1637), tumetzuoqi was built in Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County, and later it belonged to zhuosotu League. In the early years of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government set up an official ranch in Zhangwu County, named yangtammu ranch. In 1692, it was renamed Yangxi ranch. In 1902, Zhangwu County was established in Yangxi pastoral area. The next year, in tumetzuoqi, Fuxin County was established from Chaoyang County. The county and the banner coexisted, and the Mongolian and Han Dynasties were divided.

In the early years of the Republic of China, it was still established in the late Qing Dynasty. In 1933, after the Japanese invaders occupied Fuxin, the Japanese puppet authorities set aside Xinqiu, changyingzi, mijiayao, Haizhou, Sunjiawan and Fuxin town from Fuxin County on January 1, 1940. At the same time, the system of abolishing counties and reserving banners was implemented, and Fuxin County was abolished.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the people's army led by the Communist Party of China took over Fuxin city and established the Fuxin Municipal Government on September 7, 1945. In 1946, the Kuomintang seized the urban area of Fuxin, Fuxin County and Zhangwu County, and established the Kuomintang municipal and county governments. In August 1948, Fuxin was liberated. On April 18 of the same year, Fuxin Municipal government was established, belonging to northern Liaoning Province.

In January 1949, the organizational system of Northern Liaoning Province was abolished and Fuxin was transferred to western Liaoning Province.

On June 19, 1954, the organizational system of Liaodong and Liaoxi provinces was abolished and merged into Liaoning Province. Fuxin belonged to Liaoning Province.

In 1959, Zhangwu County and Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County were under the leadership of Fuxin city.

In May 1960, the two administrative areas of Qinghemen and Laoyemiao in Yixian County were put under the leadership of Fuxin suburb, and the people's commune of Qinghemen town was established.

In 1984, Fuxin city set up Qinghemen district.

administrative division

By the end of 2018, Fuxin city has five districts: Haizhou District, Xihe District, Taiping District, Xinqiu district and Qinghemen district; and two counties: Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County and Zhangwu County. There are 30 sub district offices, 60 towns and 5 townships (including 1 ethnic township) under the district and county. Fuxin Municipal People's government is located at 45 Zhonghua Road, Xihe District.

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geographical environment

Location context

Fuxin city is located in the northwest of Liaoning Province, 147.5km away from the provincial capital Shenyang. To the south, Jinzhou leads to Beijing and Tianjin; to the north, Tongliao leads to Huolinhe mining area; to the East, Shenyang and coastal cities in Eastern Liaoning; to the west, Chaoyang and Chifeng in Inner Mongolia, which are the main traffic routes in western Liaoning. Fuxin is a rectangle with its central axis obliquely intersecting at the intersection of 42 ° 10 ′ N and 122 ° 0 ′ E. Fuxin is 170 kilometers long from east to west and 84 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 10355 square kilometers.

topographic features

Fuxin is located in Horqin Sandy Land in the north, Liaohe Plain in the East and Nuru erhu mountain in the West. It is a transitional zone between Inner Mongolia grassland and North China rocky mountain. The landform is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with Xihe basin and Liuhe plain in between. The main rivers in the territory are Raoyang River, Liuhe river, Yangximu River, Xihe River and jianniu River, with a drainage area of 10362 square kilometers. In Fuxin area, hills and mountains are widely distributed, accounting for 58% of the total area, sandy land for 19% and plain land for 23%. The main mountains in the territory are wulanmutu mountain, Luotuo mountain, Daqingshan Mountain, Qinglong mountain, Haitang mountain and yimatou mountain.

climate

Fuxin has a semi-arid continental monsoon climate in the north temperate zone, which is characterized by high temperature, more precipitation and less sunshine. Among them, the annual average temperature is 8.6 ℃, which is 0.5 ℃ higher than that of previous years; the annual average temperature of the whole city is 8.6 ℃, which is 0.5 ℃ higher than that of previous years; the annual average precipitation is 565.6 mm, which is 78.3 mm more than that of previous years. Among them, the precipitation from late June to mid July was less, and the agricultural drought was more serious; the rainfall increased significantly in late July, and the drought was relieved. The annual sunshine hours are 2630 hours, 32.4 hours less than the calendar year; the annual average wind speed of the whole city is 3.0 m / s, 0.2 M / s less than the calendar year average, and the annual maximum wind speed is 27.7 M / s.

hydrology

Fuxin city is controlled by Liaohe River and Daling River. Liao River system includes Raoyang River, Liuhe river, Yangximu River and Xiushui River; Daling river system includes Xihe River and Jiniu river. Among them, Raoyang River in Liaohe River Basin is 114 km long in Fuxin, with a drainage area of 3689 km2; Liuhe river is 188 km long, with a drainage area of 1739 km2; Yangximu river is 77 km long, with a drainage area of 1495 km2; Xiushui river is 17 km long, with a drainage area of 293 km2. The length of the Xihe River in Daling River Basin in Fuxin is 86 km, with a drainage area of 2242 km2; the length of the longniu River in Fuxin is 41 km, with a drainage area of 897 km2.

natural resources

water resource

The total amount of water resources in Fuxin city is 836.14 million cubic meters, which is 0.69% less than the annual average. The amount of surface water resources is 440.43 million cubic meters, the amount of underground water resources is 470.35 million cubic meters, and the repeated amount of water between the two is 74.64 million cubic meters. The amount of surface water resources in the city is 440.43 million cubic meters, 10.3% less than the average value for many years, equivalent to 42.5 mm of runoff depth. The actual total water supply of the city is 389.55 million cubic meters. The surface water supply is 85.87 million cubic meters, accounting for 22.0% of the total water supply. Groundwater supply is 299.95 million cubic meters, accounting for 77.0% of the total water supply, and other water sources supply is 3.73 million cubic meters, accounting for 1.0% of the total water supply. Among the surface water supply, the water supply of water storage project is 35.22 million cubic meters, that of water diversion project is 36.9 million cubic meters, and that of water diversion project is 13.75 million cubic meters. Among the groundwater supply, shallow water is 292.9 million cubic meters, and deep water is 7.04 million cubic meters.

land resource

By the end of 2016, the total area of land in Fuxin city was 1032698.53 hectares, and the scale of each region was 517525.77 hectares of cultivated land, accounting for 50.11% of the total area of the region; 16161.13 hectares of garden land, accounting for 1.57% of the total area of the region; and 27.7% of forest land

Chinese PinYin : Liao Ning Sheng Fu Xin Shi