Pingdingshan City, Henan Province

Pingdingshan Pingdingshan, a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Henan Province, also known as Yingcheng, is an important energy and heavy industry base in the Central Plains Economic Zone, and also a central city in central Henan. It has jurisdiction over 2 cities, 4 counties and 4 districts, covering an area of 7882 square kilometers, with a permanent resident population of 5.2077 million in 2018. Pingdingshan is not only a resource-based industrial city, but also an excellent tourist city, a national garden city, a national forest city, a national health city and a provincial civilized city in China. It is also a Chinese Folk Art City, a Chinese calligraphy City, a Chinese Guanyin culture town, a Chinese Ruyao ceramic art town and a Chinese Tangjun base.

Pingdingshan has 169 reservoirs of various types. The Middle Route Project of South to North Water Diversion passes through the city. There are two national wetland parks, Bailuzhou and baiguihu. There are more than 4200 tourism resources, ranking second in Henan Province. Yaoshan Zhongyuan Giant Buddha Scenic Spot is a national 5A tourist attraction. It has a hot spring belt stretching for hundreds of miles and the world's highest copper standing Buddha Zhongyuan Giant Buddha. Yaoshan Geopark is a national geopark. Pingdingshan Museum, Erlang mountain, lampstand, Thrushcross Valley, Sansu garden, Yaoshan grand canyon rafting, Xiangshan temple are national 4A tourist attractions. In October 2017, Pingdingshan City was selected as the first batch of national agricultural sustainable development experimental demonstration zones.

In 2018, the national health city (District) was reconfirmed. In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

In 2020, the GDP of Pingdingshan City will reach 245.584 billion yuan, the added value of primary industry will reach 20.464 billion yuan, an increase of 2.7%; the added value of secondary industry will reach 110.803 billion yuan, an increase of 4.2%; the added value of tertiary industry will reach 114.318 billion yuan, an increase of 1.9%.

Historical evolution

Pingdingshan is the ancient Yingguo, Yingguo takes the eagle as the totem, "Ying" and "Ying" are interchangeable, so Pingdingshan is also called Yingcheng. Pingdingshan City was the land of Yuzhou in ancient times.

During the Yin and Shang Dynasties, it was the Ying and Jie tribes.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was the fiefdom of King Wu.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, they belonged to Han, Wei, Jin, Zheng and Chu.

After the unification of Qin Dynasty, Pingdingshan belonged to Yingchuan County, Sanchuan county and Nanyang County.

In the Han Dynasty, Sanchuan county was changed into Henan County, and Yingchuan county was still in the north.

In the Jin Dynasty, Yingchuan was established as Xiangcheng County, while Pingdingshan belonged to Henan County, Xiangcheng County and Nanyang County.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, they were Luyang County, Xiangcheng County, Nan'an County, Rubei County, Runan County, Shunyang county and Hanguang county.

The Sui Dynasty belonged to Xiangcheng County and Yingchuan county respectively.

The Tang Dynasty was divided into Ruzhou County, Xuzhou county and Xiangcheng County.

From the Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming and Qing Dynasties belonged to Ruzhou, Xuzhou and Yuzhou respectively.

In the early years of the Republic of China, it belonged to Heluo road and Ruyang Road, and later to South Henan Road, East Henan Road and West Henan road.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Pingdingshan area was divided into Luoyang area and Xuchang area.

In 1953, Pingdingshan coalfield began exploration and development. In 1954, the Preparatory Office of Pingdingshan coal mine was established.

In January 1956, the CPC Pingdingshan Mining Area Committee was established. In March of the same year, the Pingdingshan Office of Xuchang Commissioner's office was established.

In March 1957, with the approval of the State Council, Pingdingshan City was established as a provincial city.

In 1960, Baofeng county was abolished and Pingdingshan City was assigned the former administrative region of the county. The next year, Baofeng county system was restored and still under the leadership of Xuchang special office.

In March 1964, Pingdingshan City was changed into Pingdingshan special zone, with dual leadership, mainly led by the Ministry of coal and supplemented by the leadership of Henan Province.

In March 1968, Pingdingshan City was restored. In March of the same year, with the approval of the Henan Provincial Revolutionary Committee and the Party committee of the Henan military region, Pingdingshan Revolutionary Committee was established.

In 1969, Xinhua District and Weidong district were set up. In 1971, the western district was established.

In 1977, Wugang district was put under the jurisdiction of Pingdingshan City. In 1979, Wugang district was put under the jurisdiction of Xuchang district.

In 1982, Wugang district was rezoned into Pingdingshan City. In November 1981, the Pingdingshan Municipal People's government was established and the municipal Revolutionary Committee was abolished.

In September 1983, Lushan County, Baofeng county and Yexian County, which belong to Xuchang Prefecture, were put under the jurisdiction of Pingdingshan City.

In February 1986, Xiangcheng County in Xuchang District, Jia County in Luoyang district and Linru County in Luoyang district were classified as Pingdingshan City.

In June 1988, Linru county was abolished and Ruzhou city was established.

In September 1990, Wugang district was abolished and Wugang City was established.

On August 10, 1994, the suburb of Pingdingshan City was renamed Zhanhe district.

In December 1996, Xiangcheng County was put under the jurisdiction of Xuchang district.

On December 18, 1997, Shilong District of Pingdingshan City was established.

administrative division

As of April 2019, Pingdingshan has jurisdiction over Ye County, Jia County, Baofeng county and Lushan County, Xinhua District, Weidong District, Zhanhe district and Shilong District, Xincheng District and high tech Zone, and Wugang City and Ruzhou city. The Municipal People's government is located in the new urban area.

There are 34 townships, 38 towns and 53 streets (including one railway office in Baofeng county). Among them, there are 1 town and 9 streets in Xinhua District; 12 streets in Weidong district; 1 Township and 9 streets in Zhanhe district; 4 streets in Shilong District; 1 town and 3 streets in Xincheng District; 1 town and 1 street in Gaoxin district; 12 townships (towns) and 1 Railway Office in Baofeng County; 15 townships (towns) and 3 streets in Ye County; 20 townships (towns) and 4 streets in Lushan County; 13 townships (towns) and 2 streets in Jia County Wugang has 8 townships (towns) and 5 streets.

geographical environment

Location context

Pingdingshan City is located in the central and southern part of Henan Province, 33 ° 08 '- 34 ° 20'n, 112 ° 14' - 113 ° 45'e. It is 150 km long from east to west and 140 km wide from south to north. It borders Xiangcheng County of Xuchang City, Wuyang County of Luohe City, Xiping County and Suiping County of Zhumadian City in the East, Ruyang County and Song County of Luoyang City in the west, Biyang County of Zhumadian City, Fangcheng County and Nanzhao County of Nanyang City in the south, Yichuan County of Luoyang City, Dengfeng City of Zhengzhou City, Xiangcheng County and Yucheng County of Xuchang City in the north The state borders the city. The total area is 7882 square kilometers.

topographic features

The terrain of Pingdingshan City is high in the West and low in the East. There are many types of landforms, including mountains, hills, plains, valleys and basins. In the west, there are towering Funiu Mountains and overlapping peaks, while in the middle and East, there are hills and plains. The main peak of Yaoshan mountain in Lushan County in the west is 2153.1 meters above sea level, while the altitude of some areas in the eastern plain is less than 70 meters. The total land area is 13% in the middle mountain area, 63% in the hilly area and 24% in the plain area. The western part of the country is mainly mountainous. Most of the peaks are 500-1000 meters above sea level, and some of them are 1000-1600 meters above sea level. The highest peak is Yuhuangding, the main peak of Mount Yao on the western border of Lushan County, with an altitude of 2153.1 meters. The eastern part is mainly plain. Between the low mountains and plains, there are rolling hills. From the north to the south, there are three series of northwest southeast mountains with two groups of Valley plains. In the north is Jishan, in the middle is the outer Shandong section and the low mountain to the north of Pingdingshan City, in the south is the Funiu Shandong section and its remaining veins. In the north, there are alluvial and proluvial plains of North Ruhe River, and in the south, there are alluvial and proluvial plains of Shahe River and Lihe River. Most of them are between 300m and 700m above sea level, with the characteristics of high in the West and low in the East.

climate

Pingdingshan City is located in the edge of warm temperate zone and north subtropical climate, which has obvious transitional characteristics. It is cold in winter and hot in summer, with large annual temperature difference, small precipitation and four distinct seasons. Due to the influence of monsoon, the north wind blows heavily in winter, the air is dry, the rain and snow are less, the southerly wind prevails in summer, the precipitation is more and more concentrated, and the rainfall in autumn is less. With the transition of circulation in winter and summer, the four seasons are distinct. The annual average temperature in Baofeng county and ye county is higher than that in other counties (cities), the precipitation is less and the sunshine is normal. In winter, the average temperature in Jia County, Baofeng county and ye county is normal, while the other counties (cities) are on the low side, with less precipitation and less sunshine, all of which are the minimum values in the same period over the years. The annual precipitation in Pingdingshan City ranges from 612 mm to 1287 mm, increasing gradually from north to Southeast.

hydrology

There are many rivers in Pingdingshan City, which belong to Shaying water system of Huaihe River Basin. Water resources are rich, mainly supplied by precipitation, so the spatial and temporal distribution is very uneven. The city's annual surface runoff is 1.566 billion cubic meters, groundwater reserves is 785 million cubic meters, and the total amount of water resources is 1.834 billion cubic meters. There are 170 reservoirs of various types, with an average annual water resources of 3 billion cubic meters.

natural resources

water resource

Pingdingshan City is located in the upper reaches of Huaihe River Basin, belonging to Yinghe River and Hongruhe river. The main rivers flowing through the city from north to South are BEIRU River, Shahe River, Lihe River and Ganjiang River of Yinghe river system, and gunhe river of Hongru river system. The drainage area of Shaying river system in Pingdingshan City is 7308 square kilometers, accounting for 93.53% of the city's area; the gunhe River, a tributary of Hongru river system, originates from Wugang City, with a drainage area of 574 square kilometers, accounting for 88.8% of the city's total area and 6.47% of Pingdingshan City's total area.

Five large reservoirs, 10 medium reservoirs and 154 small reservoirs have been built, with a total capacity of 3.267 billion cubic meters. The Xingli storage capacity of the five large reservoirs are 236 million cubic meters for Baiguishan Reservoir, 350 million cubic meters for Zhaoping reservoir, 60 million cubic meters for gushitan reservoir, 60 million cubic meters for Shimantan reservoir and 250 million cubic meters for Yanshan Reservoir. The city's annual average surface water resources is 156567 million cubic meters, groundwater resources is 79557 million cubic meters, surface groundwater repeated calculation is 491.07 million cubic meters, and the annual average total water resources is 1.83368 billion cubic meters.

mineral resources

Pingdingshan City has proved 22 kinds of mineral reserves. Among them, the coal reserves are 31.5%

Chinese PinYin : He Nan Sheng Ping Ding Shan Shi