Tacheng District, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Tacheng area Tacheng area, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is under the jurisdiction of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. It is located in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with the West Junggar mountains in the north, the North Tianshan Mountains in the South and the Junggar Basin in the middle and East. The terrain is characteristic and belongs to the arid and semi-arid climate in the middle temperate zone. With a total area of 105400 square kilometers, it has jurisdiction over three county-level cities, three counties and one Autonomous County. In 2017, the total population was 935600.

Tacheng area used to be an important passage for China to Central Asia. In Tacheng area, highways and railways at four ports to the West and three ports to the north, as well as China Kazakhstan gas and oil pipelines, and Fenghuang Wusu Yili 750 transmission and transformation line run through the whole area. Four transnational railways, including Chongqing, Xinjiang and Europe, must pass through Wusu city and Shawan County; kuibei railway runs through bukesail county. The expressway from Urumqi to Tacheng runs through. Civil aviation Tacheng airport has three flights to Urumqi every day, and the circular flights from Xinjiang to Altay and Ili have been opened.

In 2019, Tacheng's GDP will reach 69.658 billion yuan, an increase of 5.2% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry is 24.766 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 15.505 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry is 29.387 billion yuan. The ratio of three industries is 35.5:22.3:42.2. The per capita GDP was 54095 yuan, an increase of 5% over the previous year.

Historical evolution

Since ancient times, the jurisdiction of Tacheng area is an important part of the territory of the motherland.

In the Qin Dynasty, Tacheng area was the nomadic land of hujiesai people.

In the second year of shenjue in the Western Han Dynasty (60 BC), it was subordinate to the capital of the western regions.

In the Sui Dynasty, it was a nomadic land in tiele and other parts of Western Turk.

After the unification of the western regions in Tang Dynasty, it successively belonged to Kunling Dufu and Beiting Dufu. In the first year of Xianqing (656), Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty took Cheng Yaojin, who was famous as the founding general "sanbanfu", as the general manager of the march of congdao. He led his troops to attack the rebellious Western Turkic aristocrat ashnahelu, conquered Yanmian prefecture (near the present Tata city), defeated the two western Turkic tribes, and then the rebellion subsided.

During the reign of Tang Tianbao, there were caoluzhou (today's Tacheng West), huobozhou (today's hekeseer Mongolian Autonomous County), Qinghai military city, Yehe Shouzhuo (today's Shawan County), Heishui Shouzhuo and Donglin Shouzhuo (today's Wusu city), etc.

In the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635) of Ming Dynasty, Batur hongtaiji, the leader of the Junggar tribe, established the Junggar khanate, which was powerful in the north and south of Tianshan Mountains, and its ruling center was the present hebukeser Mongolian Autonomous County. Today, Tacheng area is the core area of Junggar Khanate.

In 1763, the Qing government set up the talbatai military station in Yar (today's urzar, Kazakhstan). The next year, Zhaofeng city was built, and the talbatai counsellors and ministers were stationed. The administrative system was formally established in the Tacheng area. In the 29th year of Qianlong (1764), the Qing Dynasty set up the counsellor of talbahatai to manage the military and political affairs in the territory. In 1775, the Qing government divided the turhute into four Leagues: the East Road, the South Road, the West Road and the North Road.

The 14th year of Guangxu (1888). Set up the office of talbaha Taifu people in Zhili, jurisdiction over the area of Tacheng, Emin, Tuoli, Yumin and Hebukesel, in charge of reclamation and other matters. Qianlong forty years (1775). The Qing government adjusted the turhute tribe, in which the East Road League set up two banners in kurkalawusu. At the end of Qing Dynasty, there were Kuitun village, sangezhuang village, 60hudi village, Jiujianlou village, 80hudi village, Xihu village, machanghu village, Ganhezi village, Chepaizi village and other villages under the jurisdiction of kurkhara Wusu Zhili hall.

In the early years of the Republic of China (1912), Tacheng District followed the Qing system.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), the office of Fumin Zhili in talbaha was changed to Tacheng County, which governed the place of Zhili office; the office of Fumin Zhili in kurkala was changed to Wusu County, which governed the place of Zhili office.

In 1916, the Minister of counsellor of talbahatai was abolished and Tacheng road was set up, which governed Tacheng, Wusu and Shawan counties. In 1929, Tacheng road was changed into Tacheng administrative district.

In 1929, Tacheng road was changed into Tacheng administrative region, which governs Tacheng, Emin, Wusu, Shawan and hestoluogai counties.

In 1939. The national government carried out the "new county system" in the whole country, which mainly consisted of Baojia (Baojia below the county level, Baojia below the district level).

Yumin county and Hefeng County were established from 1941 to 1944.

In 1945, the "three districts" revolutionary interim government set up Tacheng Special Administrative Region under the jurisdiction of Tacheng administrative region, which governed Tacheng, Emin, Yumin, Hefeng, Wusu and Shawan counties. The old system of 1000 household heads and 100 household heads was still used below the county level. In August, the Tacheng Commissioner's office of the "Three District revolution" interim government was established.

In August 1950, the CPC Tacheng prefectural committee was established. Since then, the CPC Committee of each county has been formed one after another. Since then, under the leadership of the Party committee and the government, the people of all ethnic groups in Tacheng began to build a new socialist Tacheng.

In January 1950, Tacheng Commissioner's office was established, with jurisdiction over Tacheng, Emin, Yumin, Wusu, Shawan and Hefeng counties. In June of the same year, the people's governments of all six counties were established.

In 1976, Shihezi city was established and 460 square kilometers were set aside from Shawan County. In the large-scale construction and development of the country, Karamay, Dushanzi, Shihezi, Kuitun and other urban areas of Tacheng area have been separated from the administrative area one after another.

In September 1984, according to the reply of the State Council to the people's Government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Approving the restoration of Yili Prefecture, Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of Tacheng Prefecture.

In January 2021, with the approval of the State Council and the approval of the Ministry of civil affairs, Shawan County was abolished and Shawan city at the county level was established. The former administrative region of Shawan County was the administrative region of Shawan city. Shawan Municipal People's government was stationed at No. 29, Shiji Avenue South Road, sandaohezi town.

administrative division

Tacheng Prefecture governs three county-level cities, three counties and one Autonomous County, namely Tacheng City, Wusu city, Shawan City, Emin County, Yumin County, Tuoli county and hebukesaer Mongolian Autonomous County. Tacheng district administration office is located at 267 Xinhua Road, Tacheng city.

geographical environment

geographical position

Tacheng region is located in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, between 82 ° 16 ′ - 87 ° 21 ′ E and 43 ° 25 ′ - 47 ° 15 ′ n. It is adjacent to Altay region in the northeast, Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture and Shihezi City in the East with Manas River as boundary, Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture and Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in the South with yilianhabirga mountain and borokonu mountain as boundary, Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in the southwest and Kazakhstan in the northwest. In the hinterland of the region, there are Karamay City at prefecture level in Xinjiang and Kuitun city at county level directly under Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. The city is 580 kilometers away from Urumqi, the capital of the autonomous region, and 17 kilometers away from baktu port. The whole area is 105400 square kilometers.

topographic features

The shape of Tacheng area is like a diamond. The West Junggar mountain is in the north, the North Tianshan Mountain is in the south, and the Junggar basin is in the Middle East. High mountains and deep gullies, dense forests and water exciting mountains account for 8.2% of the total area; shallow hills with dense grass and rich mineral resources account for 32.9% of the total area; plains with abundant light and heat and abundant products account for 46.8% of the total area; fish scale sand dunes and spectacular deserts account for 12.1% of the total area.

There are seven main mountains in Tacheng region: the talbahatai mountain is located in the northern edge of the region, with a nearly East-West trend. The south slope of the Middle East section is in China, and the rest is in Kazakhstan. Sawur mountain is located in the northern edge of the area. Baluke mountain is located in the south side of Tacheng basin, with southwest northeast trend. Wuergasar mountain is located in the east of Tacheng basin, northwest of tuoli-1 and shituoluogai valleys, with southwest trend. Xieshushtai mountain is located in the south of hebuke Valley, with east-west trend. The middle part of the Northern Tianshan Mountains is located in the area of Tacheng. It is 190 km long and 30-70 km wide, with an altitude of 1100-5000 m and a peak of 5242 M. There are dozens of peaks more than 4000 meters near the ridge, belonging to the middle and high mountains. The snow line is 3860m on the shady slope and 3940m on the sunny slope, with snow all the year round. The glacier area in the southeast section is the largest. In summer, the spring and stream melt into rivers to irrigate the oasis and fertile fields at the foot of the mountain. The majestic and quiet Tianshan Mountain is the "father of oasis". Mayle jiayier mountain is located in the south of Tuoli Tiechang Valley and the west of Junggar basin.

climate

Tacheng region is located in the hinterland of Eurasian continent, which belongs to the arid and semi-arid climate of middle temperate zone. Under the influence of atmospheric circulation, geographical latitude, topography and other comprehensive factors, the general characteristics of the climate are as follows: the plain area is hot in summer, cold in winter, unstable temperature rise in spring, rapid temperature drop in autumn; the difference of precipitation is large, and the interannual variation is large. The results show that the annual precipitation (snow) in Tacheng basin is more than that in Junggar Basin and hebuke valley; compared with the plain, the mountain area is warm in winter and cool in summer, with insufficient heat, abundant rainfall on windward hillside and less rainfall on leeward hillside.

hydrology

There are 107 rivers in Tacheng area. The rivers are concentrated in the south, West and North, and sparse in the Gobi desert in the East and middle. According to the origin, destination, landform and river characteristics of rivers, the surface of the whole area is divided into Manas River, Kuitun River, Emin River, Baiyang River and Buke river.

natural resources

water resource

Tacheng area is rich in water resources, and it is rich in water resources

Chinese PinYin : Xin Jiang Wei Wu Er Zi Zhi Qu Ta Cheng Di Qu