Zhongwei City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Zhongwei Zhongwei city is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. It is located in the central and western part of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, in the transition zone from Ningxia plain to loess plateau, between 104 ° 17 ′ ~ 106 ° 10 ′ E and 36 ° 06 ′ ~ 37 ° 50 ′ n, with a total area of 17441.6 square kilometers. Zhongwei city has a temperate continental monsoon climate with abundant sunshine, large temperature difference between day and night and less precipitation. By 2019, Zhongwei city has jurisdiction over Shapotou District, Zhongning county and Haiyuan County, and the Municipal People's government is located at No. 5 Zhengtong East Road, Binhe Town, Shapotou district. By the end of 2019, 1 million 220 thousand and 400 people registered residence in the city of Wei, and 1 million 174 thousand and 600 had permanent residence.

In the first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1403), the right guard was replaced by Zhongwei County in Ningxia. In the second year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty (1724), it was renamed Zhongwei County, belonging to Ningxia Prefecture, and Haiyuan County belonged to Pingliang Prefecture. In 1933, Zhongwei county was divided into Zhongwei and Zhongning counties. Zhongwei city was established in 2004. Zhongwei city is a railway hub connecting northwest and North China. Five expressways, including Beijing Tibet expressway, pass through the city. Shapotou airport is a civil aviation airport. Zhongwei city has natural tourist attractions such as Shapotou and Jinsha Island Leisure Resort, cultural and historical scenic spots such as Shuanglongshan grottoes, Zhongwei Damaidi rock paintings and yiwanquan Paleolithic site, as well as national and provincial intangible cultural heritage projects such as sheepskin raft making skills, shanhuaer, Kouxian, Sui and Tang Yangko.

In 2019, the GDP of Zhongwei city is 43.765 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 6.0%; among them, the added value of the primary industry is 6.018 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 3.6%; the added value of the secondary industry is 18.711 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 5.4%; the added value of the tertiary industry is 19.035 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 7.5%; and the tertiary industrial structure is 13.8:42.8:43.5.

History of construction

The rock paintings of Damaidi more than 30000 years ago show that Zhongwei is an important birthplace of Chinese people.

During the spring and Autumn period, Qiang Rong lived together here.

In the 35th year of emperor Zhaoxiang of Qin Dynasty (272 BC), Qin sent troops to defeat Yiqu and divided it into Longxi, Beidi and Shangjun. Zhongwei belonged to qinbeidi.

After the Qin Dynasty merged the six states, general Meng Tian led 300000 soldiers to take the north and south of the Yellow River and brought Zhongwei into the centralized territory. In the 26th year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (221 BC), Qin set up Beidi county and Zhongwei belonged to it.

In the second year of Gaozu (205 BC), the Western Han Dynasty conquered Beidi county and rebuilt the city barrier along the river. There was a city in Zhongwei. In the third year of Yuanshou (120 BC), Emperor Hanwu moved more than 700000 victims to the south of Hetao for farming, and Zhongwei began to have irrigation agriculture. From the sixth year of Yuanding to the second year of Yuanfeng (111 BC to 109 BC), the irrigation spider canal (now Meili canal) was excavated in Zhongwei.

In the autumn of 1226, Genghis Khan passed through Shatuo (now Shapotou) to Jiudu of the Yellow River and captured Yingli county (formerly Zhongwei county). In the autumn of 1228, Genghis Khan died in Tiandu mountain palace.

On February 9, the first year of Yongle (1403) in the Ming Dynasty, the right guard of Ningxia was changed to Zhongwei of Ningxia, which was subordinate to the capital of Shaanxi, and was guarded by 6000 soldiers. The name of Zhongwei started from this. In 1439, the Confucian Temple of Zhongwei was established. In 1552, song Wenjian was the first official of Zhongwei in Ningxia.

Yingli Academy was established in Zhongwei in 1710, the 49th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty; Zhongwei County in Ningxia was changed into a county in October 1724, the second year of Yongzheng; Zhongwei county annals, the first county annals compiled by Zhongwei county magistrate Huang Enzi, was published in July 1760, the 17th year of Guangxu (1891), the first telegraph room was set up in Zhongwei; the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), the first telegraph room was set up in Zhongwei In March 1905, the imperial examination system was abolished and schools were set up.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), the post station was abolished and began to run postal business; in the third year of the Republic of China (1914), the county tax bureau was set up to collect taxes on stamp, coal, Dou Xing and pack goods; in the 15th year of the Republic of China (1926), the highway from Ningxia to Lanzhou was built, and Zhongwei began to use cars; in the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), the first telephone in Zhongwei was opened; in the 27th year of the Republic of China (1938), Zhongwei began to use cars The first bank, Zhongwei branch of Bank of Ningxia, was set up in June.

On September 15, 1949, the 64th army of the 19th corps of the Chinese people's Liberation Army declared peace. On September 19, the 81st army of the Kuomintang revolted and surrendered, and Zhongwei was peacefully liberated.

In 1954, Ningxia was incorporated into Gansu Province, and Zhongwei county and Zhongning County belonged to Yinchuan District of Gansu Province.

On October 25, 1958, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was established, which belonged to Zhongwei county and Zhongning county.

In 1972, Yinnan district was set up, which was under the jurisdiction of Zhongwei county and Zhongning County until 1998.

In 1998, Wuzhong City was set up in Yinnan District, which was formerly under Zhongwei county and Zhongning county. Haiyuan county was successively under the jurisdiction of Guyuan Prefecture and Guyuan City.

On December 31, 2003, the State Council approved the abolition of Zhongwei County, the establishment of prefecture level Zhongwei City, and the establishment of Shapotou district. Zhongwei city has jurisdiction over Zhongning County, Haiyuan county and Shapotou District, which are transferred from Wuzhong City to Guyuan City.

On February 10, 2004, prefecture level Zhongwei city was officially established.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 2008, the government of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region approved to put Xingren town and Haochuan township of Haiyuan County under the jurisdiction of Shapotou District of Zhongwei City, Heicheng town of Yuanzhou District of Guyuan City under the jurisdiction of Haiyuan County, xutao township of Haiyuan County under the jurisdiction of Zhongning County, Xinglong Township of Haiyuan County under the jurisdiction of Tongxin County, and Qiying town and Gancheng township of Yuanzhou District of Guyuan City under the jurisdiction of Haiyuan county.

On August 19, 2016, Shapotou District of Zhongwei city was officially established, and Shapotou District officially operated independently in the mode of municipal administrative system.

Current situation of regionalization

As of August 2019, Shapotou District, Zhongning county and Haiyuan county are under the jurisdiction of Zhongwei City, with a total of 40 townships, 458 administrative villages and 37 communities. Zhongwei Municipal People's government is located at NO.5 Zhengtong East Road, Binhe Town, Shapotou district. There is another functional zone: Haixing development zone.

geographical environment

Location context

Zhongwei city is located in the central and western part of Ningxia, at the junction of Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and Gansu, and borders on Hongsibao District, Tongxin county and Qingtongxia City in the East. It is connected with Yuanzhou District and Xiji County of Guyuan City in Ningxia in the south, Pingchuan District, Jingyuan County, Huining county and Jingtai County of Baiyin City in Gansu Province in the west, and Alxa Left Banner of Alxa League in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the north. It is between 104 ° 17 ′ - 106 ° 10 ′ E and 36 ° 06 ′ - 37 ° 50 ′ n, about 130 km long from east to west and 180 km wide from north to south. The total area of the city is 17441.6 square kilometers.

Topography

The terrain of Zhongwei city is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. The average altitude of the city is 1225 meters. The geomorphic types are divided into five units: Yellow River alluvial plain, platform, desert, mountain and hill.

The area of Weining north mountain on the edge of Tengger Desert in the northwest of Zhongwei city is 120000 hectares, accounting for 7% of the total land area of the city; the area of Weining Yellow River alluvial plain in the middle of Zhongwei city is 100000 hectares, accounting for 5.9% of the total land area of the City; the platform between the mountain area and the South Bank of the Yellow River is 60000 hectares, accounting for 3.5% of the total land area of the city; the area of Longzhong mountain and loess hills in the south of Zhongwei city is 1424500 hectares, accounting for 8% of the total land area of the city 3.6%。

climate

Zhongwei city is a typical temperate continental monsoon climate. Due to the influence of desert, the sunshine is sufficient, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the average temperature is between 7.3 ℃ and 9.5 ℃, the annual average relative humidity is 57%, the frost free period is 158 ~ 169 days, and the average annual precipitation is 180 ~ 367mm.

natural resources

land resource

Zhongwei city has 14000 mu of urban and rural construction land, 7800 mu of industrial and mining storage land, 35000 mu of residential land, 0500 mu of public management and public service land, and 0500 mu of transportation land.

water resource

Zhongwei city has superior water resources and abundant groundwater. The Yellow River passes through the territory from west to East, with a total length of 182 km, accounting for 45.8% of the 397 km flow of the Yellow River in Ningxia. The average annual flow is 1039.8 m3 / s, the average annual transit flow is 32.814 billion m3, the maximum natural drop is 144.13 m, the water energy reserve is more than 2 million KW, and the available energy is 1.6 million KW.

Shapotou Water Control Project in Zhongwei city is one of the top 10 projects in western development. The designed controlled irrigation area is 1.07 million mu, which can supply 606 million kilowatt hours of power every year, and solve the irrigation of 1.2 million mu of cultivated land in Weining plain. Daliushu Water Control Project on the Yellow River at the junction of Jingyuan in Gansu Province is the only project to be built for the three key control bases planned and constructed on the main stream of the Yellow River. It is 12 kilometers away from Shapotou Water Control Project, with a design dam height of 163 meters, a total storage capacity of 11 billion cubic meters, an installed capacity of 2 million kilowatts, and an annual power generation capacity of 7.8 billion kilowatt hours. Daliushu Water Control Project and Shapotou Water Control Project have an annual power generation capacity of 8.4 billion kwh.

mineral resources

Zhongwei city has many kinds of mineral resources and a long history of development. By the end of 2010, more than 30 kinds of minerals have been discovered, including 189 mineral deposits, including 62 industrial deposits. There are 19 kinds of minerals with proven resource reserves, mainly including coal, iron, copper, gold, electric limestone, alkali limestone, cement limestone, marble for decoration, gypsum, ceramic clay, clay for cement batching, brick clay and building clay

Chinese PinYin : Ning Xia Hui Zu Zi Zhi Qu Zhong Wei Shi