Anqing City, Anhui Province

Anqing City, also known as Yicheng for short, is a prefecture level city in Anhui Province. It is located in the southwest of Anhui Province, on the North Bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where the Wanhe River enters the river. It is adjacent to Hubei Province in the west, Jiangxi Province in the south, the main peak of Dabie Mountain in the northwest and the remaining veins of Huangshan Mountain in the southeast, with a total area of 13589.99 square kilometers, and the central urban area of 821 square kilometers. In 2019, Anqing City governs three municipal districts, two county-level cities, five counties, and another development zone with a permanent resident population of 4.723 million.

Anqing is one of the 27 cities in the central area of the Yangtze River Delta. It is a national historical and cultural city. It is known as "the land of culture", "the hometown of drama" and "the holy land of Zen". It is the hometown of Tongcheng school, the cradle of huiban, the originator of Peking Opera, the place where Huangmei Opera came into being and developed. It is also the hometown of Chen Duxiu, the pioneer of China's new culture movement, Deng Jiaxian, the Yuanxun of the two bombs, and Zhang Henshui, the master of popular novels. Ancient Anhui culture, Zen culture, drama culture and Tongcheng school culture complement each other here, forming a unique anqing culture. In 1861, the Anqing Institute of internal ordnance, founded by Zeng Guofan, built the first steam engine and the first motorized ship in China. In December 2019, Anqing will be positioned as a key city in the Yangtze River Delta according to the outline of the regional integration development plan of the Yangtze River Delta.

In 2020, Anqing's GDP will reach 246.77 billion yuan, an increase of 4% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 24.03 billion yuan, an increase of 2.1%; the added value of the secondary industry was 106.65 billion yuan, an increase of 5.4%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 116.09 billion yuan, an increase of 2.8%.

The origin of place names

Anqing is the seat of the ancient Anhui state in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, from which Anhui Province is referred to as "Wan". In the 17th year of Shaoxing in Southern Song Dynasty (1147), the army of Deqing in Shuzhou was changed into the army of Anqing in Shuzhou. Anqing city was built in 1217, which has a history of nearly 800 years. Guo Pu, a poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once called it "Yicheng here", so Anqing is also called "Yicheng".

History of construction

The history of human life and reproduction in Anqing can be traced back to the Paleolithic age at least. In 1992, 157 stone cones and choppers made by ancient people were unearthed in Pengling, Qianshan City, with a history of 100000 years. More than 20 Neolithic sites, represented by "xuejiagang culture" in Qianshan City, are concentrated in various counties (cities) within the city, indicating that the city had become a human settlement with local characteristics 5000-7000 years ago.

In the spring and Autumn period, it was the territory of Anhui, Tongzhou, Zongzhou, Shu and other countries, and later belonged to Chu and Wu.

Anqing

In the Warring States period, it belonged to Chu.

Qin belongs to Jiujiang county.

In the early Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to the kingdom of Huainan; in 184 BC, it was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Songzi (now the year of Susong County).

In 193, Lujiang County moved to Anhui county.

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Wei at the beginning and Wu later.

In the Yixi period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405-418), Jinxi County was divided into Lujiang County and Huaining County (the year of governing Qianshan city) and Xinye county (the year of Wangjiang county) were set up in the old land of Wan county.

From the southern and Northern Dynasties to the early Sui Dynasty, Yuzhou, Jinzhou, Jiangzhou and Xizhou were established successively. In the third year of Daye of Sui Dynasty (607), Xizhou was changed into Tongan County, which governed Huaining and led Huaining, Tongan, Taihu, Susong and Wangjiang counties.

In 621, Tong'an county was changed to Shuzhou, which belonged to Huainan road. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Shuzhou was changed into Tongan county. In 757, Tongan county was renamed Shengtang county.

During the Five Dynasties and ten states, Shuzhou ruled Huaining and still led five counties. They belong to Wu, Southern Tang and later Zhou.

In the fifth year of Zhenghe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1115), the Deqing army of Shuzhou was set up.

In the 17th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1147), the Deqing army was changed to Anqing Army (the name of Anqing began in this year). In the first year of Qingyuan (1195), Shuzhou was promoted to Anqing Prefecture, which governed Huaining. In the 10th year of Jiading (1217), the magistrate Huang Gan built the new Anqing city. In the first year of JINGDING (1260), Qingcheng was rebuilt in Yicheng, and Huaining County was moved to attach Guo. Since then, Anqing city has been governed by the government and the county.

In 1276, Anqing mansion was changed to Anqing road. In the third year of Zhizhi (1323), Huaining County was divided into two townships, Qing Dynasty and Yuzhao, and Qianshan County was set up. Anqing road leads Huaining, Tongcheng, Taihu, Susong, Wangjiang and Qianshan counties. In August 1361, Zhu Yuanzhang changed anqing road to Ningjiang Prefecture. In April of the following year, it was changed to Anqing Prefecture, still leading six counties.

In the first year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1403), Anqing Prefecture was ruled by Nanjing (also known as nanzhili).

In 1661, the Anqing government was subordinate to Jiangnan zuozhushi (Jiangning). Kangxi six years (1667), Jiangnan left buzhengsi changed to Anhui buzhengsi (commonly known as Anhui Province), still sent to rule Jiangning. In the 25th year of Qianlong (1760), Anhui provincial government was transferred from Jiangning to Anqing. Anqing was the capital of Anhui Province. Since then, the province, the government and the county have been governed in the same city. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), the Taiping army occupied Anqing. The Qing government moved the provincial capital to Luzhou (now Hefei). The Taiping Army changed anqing prefecture to Anqing county. In the eleventh year of Xianfeng (1861), Anhui provincial capital moved back to Anqing. Tongzhi four years (1865), set Anlu Chuhe Road, road department in Anqing, Guangxu 34 years (1908) abolished.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Anqing Prefecture was abolished, and each county was directly under the province. In 1914, Anqing road was set up, leading Huaining, Tongcheng, Qianshan, Taihu, Susong, Wangjiang, Hefei, Lujiang, Shucheng, Wuwei, Chaoxian, Hexian, Hanshan, Chuxian, Quanjiao, Laian 16 counties (houchuxian, Quanjiao, Laian 3 counties belong to huaisi Road, Lu'an, Yingshan, Huoshan are included in Anqing Road). In 1928, Anqing road was abolished, and each county was directly under the province. From November 1927 to February 1929, Anqing city was established in Huaining County and the municipal government was established.

In 1932, Anqing was the first administrative supervision district in Anhui Province, which unified Huaining, Tongcheng, Qianshan, Taihu, Susong and Wangjiang counties. In 1936, Yuexi County was added. The district commissioner's office was stationed in Taihu Lake. In 1940, it was relocated to Tongcheng (at the same time, Wuwei and Lujiang counties were included, and the first district unified nine counties). When anqing fell, the provincial capital moved to Lu'an. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the Commissioner's office of the inspection District moved to Anqing, and the inspection District unified Huaining, Tongcheng, Qianshan, Taihu, Susong, Wangjiang, Dongliu, Zhide and other counties. In December 1938, the provincial capital moved back to Anqing. In March 1949, it moved to Tunxi.

In February 1949, the Party committee and administrative office of West Anhui decided to establish Anqing city with the original four towns of Huaining County. On April 23, Anqing was liberated. Anqing District governs 8 counties of Tongcheng, Huaining, Tonglu, Qianshan, Taihu, Susong, Wangjiang, Yuexi and Anqing city. In September, the two cities merged to retain the name of Anqing city. In May 1950, Anqing city was abolished and changed into Chengguan District of Huaining County. In October, Anqing city was restored to Anqing district. In February 1951, Tonglu County was renamed Hudong county. In August, Anqing city was changed into a city under the jurisdiction of the administrative region of Northern Anhui, which was managed by anqing district. In January 1952, Anqing special district in Northern Anhui and Chizhou special district in southern Anhui merged into anqing special district in Anhui Province, which governs 13 counties including Tongcheng, Huaining, Hudong, Qianshan, Taihu, Susong, Wangjiang, Yuexi, Guichi, Dongliu, Zhide, Qingyang and Tongling, and still manages Anqing city. In October, Anqing city was directly under the provincial government. In July 1955, Hudong county was renamed Zongyang County. In October 1958, Anqing District merged with Anqing city. In March 1959, the Special Administrative Region and the city were separated, and Anqing city was managed by the Special Administrative Region. In April 1961, Anqing city was changed into a province directly under the central government. In July 1965, Anqing city was changed into a special district; Chizhou district was restored, and Guichi, Dongzhi, Qingyang and Tongling counties were assigned to Chizhou district. In August 1968, Anqing district was renamed anqing district.

On November 4, 1979, Anqing city was changed into a city under the jurisdiction of the province, and the state-owned Wanhe farm was entrusted.

On August 17, 1988, Anqing district and the former Anqing city were abolished, and the prefecture and city were merged. The newly established Anqing city has jurisdiction over Yingjiang District, Daguan District, suburbs, and 8 counties including Tongcheng, Huaining, Zongyang, Qianshan, Taihu, Susong, Wangjiang and Yuexi.

In August 1996, Tongcheng county was abolished and Tongcheng City (county-level city) was established. Anqing City governs three districts, one city and seven counties. In September 1998, Huaining County built a new County in Gaohe town.

In May 2005, the administrative divisions of some counties (cities) in Anqing city were adjusted. The city has jurisdiction over Yingjiang, Daguan and Yixiu districts, and Tongcheng, Huaining, Zongyang, Qianshan, Taihu Lake, Susong, Wangjiang and Yuexi counties.

In March 2011, Susong County was listed as a pilot county under provincial direct management.

In August 2018, according to the spirit of the notice of Anhui Provincial People's Government on Abolishing Qianshan County and establishing county-level Qianshan city (wzm [2018] No. 153), it was agreed to abolish Qianshan County and establish county-level Qianshan city. The administrative region of Qianshan County was taken as the administrative region of Qianshan City, and the people's Government of Qianshan city was stationed at 370 Qianyang Road, Meicheng town.

Anqing

administrative division

In January 1980, Guichi and Dongzhi counties of Chizhou area were merged into anqing area.

In December 1987, Shitai County in Huizhou area was divided into anqing area.

At the end of 2015, according to the document of the State Council on the adjustment of administrative divisions in Anhui Province, Zongyang County was under the jurisdiction of Tongling City.

In 2019, Anqing City governs 3 cities