Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Guilin, Guilin for short, is a world-famous scenic city, a holy land of wisdom for thousands of years, an important high-tech industrial base in China, and an old industrial base in China. It is China's international tourism city open to the outside world, the national tourism innovation and development pilot area, and an international tourism comprehensive transportation hub approved by the State Council. As of 2019, the city has jurisdiction over six districts, 10 counties, one county-level city, and one general transportation hub The area is 27800 square kilometers, the built-up area is 162 square kilometers, the permanent resident population is more than 5.3 million, the urban population is 2.4734 million, and the urbanization rate is 55%.

Guilin is located in South China and the southern end of the Hunan Guangxi corridor. It is the site of the joint logistics support center of the Central Military Commission in Guilin, the innovation demonstration area of the national sustainable development agenda, the wind vane of China's tourism format, and the permanent host of the International Forum on Tourism trends and prospects of the World Tourism Organization / Asia Pacific Tourism Association. It is an important node of the strategic intersection of the Pan Pearl River Delta economic zone and the ASEAN Free Trade Area The city is also an international tourist attraction dominated by new industries.

Guilin is one of the first batch of national historical and cultural cities. After Qin Shihuang unified Lingnan, it belonged to Guilin county. In 1201, the famous poet Wang Zhenggong wrote a poem "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world". Guilin is the birthplace of Guilin Liuzhou culture. The pottery found in Zengpiyan fills the gap in the origin of pottery in the world. It is one of the important origins of Chinese pottery technology. Guilin is an important university gathering area in Guangxi, with 16 universities including Guangxi Normal University, Guilin University of Electronic Science and technology, Guilin University of technology, Guilin Medical College and army special operations college. 1% of ESI subjects were selected into 4 universities, ranking first in Guangxi, and 32 subjects were selected in the fourth round of subject evaluation.

In September 2019, it was selected as the 39th among the top 100 prefecture level cities in China; in 2020, it was selected as the 19th in the list of China's tourism cities; in November, it was selected as the sixth national civilized city; in December, it was selected as the national cultural and tourism consumption pilot city.

Historical evolution

Guilin is a holy land of human wisdom with a history of 10000 years. The history of Guilin can be traced back to the Neolithic Age 12000 years ago. About 10000 years ago, according to the relics found in baojiyan and Zengpiyan caves in the urban area, the Zengpiyan people have entered the stage of matriarchal clan society.

During the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, it was the residence of "Baiyue people".

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Lingnan was called the place of Baiyue, and Guilin was a part of Baiyue. In 214 BC, the Qin Dynasty conquered Baiyue and set up Guilin County, Nanhai county and Xiang County in Lingnan.

In 214 B.C., after the first emperor of Qin Dynasty dug the Lingqu canal to connect Hunan and Li rivers, Guilin became an important town "connecting the sea area in the South and the Central Plains in the north". After Qin Shihuang unified Lingnan, Guilin's political, economic, cultural and military status became more and more prominent. The name of "Guilin" began in the Qin Dynasty. Guilin County became famous for its rich jade and osmanthus. This is the earliest origin of the name of "Guilin", but the county government is not in the present Guilin city.

In the sixth year of Yuanding in the Western Han Dynasty (111 BC), Shi'an county was set up in Guilin, which is subordinate to Lingling County of Jingzhou. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was changed to the state of Shi'an. The Three Kingdoms first belonged to Shu and then to Wu. In the first year of Ganlu (265), Shi'an county was set up, and its governance was in Guilin. The Southern Dynasty was changed to Guizhou.

In Sui and Tang Dynasties, it belonged to the general manager's office of Guizhou in Lingnan. In the fourth year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (621), Li Jing built the city in the south of Duxiu Peak.

Zhenguan eight years (634), renamed Lingui County, is Guizhou Shi'an county. Guanghua three years (900 years), belong to Jingjiang Festival. In the early Tang Dynasty, there were prefectures and counties. The 45 prefectures of Lingnan belong to the five prefectures of Guangzhou, Guizhou, Rongzhou, Yongzhou and Annan (also known as the five prefectures of Lingnan). After 655, the five prefectures were all subordinate to Guangzhou, and the chief officials were called the five prefectures (Guan) managers, who were concurrently appointed by the governor of Guangzhou.

In the sixth year of emperor suzong's reign (756), he was promoted to the rank of Lingnan Jiedushi. In 862, Lingnan road was divided into East Road and West Road. The east road governed Guangzhou and the west road governed Yongzhou.

The Five Dynasties and ten States belonged to Chu and Guizhou in the Southern Han Dynasty.

In the Song Dynasty, it belonged to Guizhou in Guangnan West Road before and Jingjiang mansion after. In Song Dynasty, the local administrative system was divided into three levels: state (government, army) and county.

In 997, Guangnan road was divided into Guangnan East Road and Guangnan West Road. The East Road was located in Guangzhou, and the west road was located in Guizhou.

In Yuan Dynasty, it was changed to Jingjiang road in xingzhongshu province of Guangxi, so Guilin was also called "Jingjiang" in Southern Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Shouqian, the nephew of Zhu Yuanzhang, was granted the title of King Jingjiang and the vassal state of Guilin. In the fifth year of Hongwu (372 A.D.), the Ming government changed Jingjiang mansion into Guilin mansion, and the local political power at the levels of minister, prefecture and county was still located in Guilin.

In the Qing Dynasty, Guilin was still the political and cultural center of Guangxi Province.

During the period of the Republic of China, it was the capital of Guangxi Province for a long time. On January 21, 1912, the provincial capital moved from Guilin to Nanning. On April 19, members of the Council in Guilin established the provisional provincial council. The "Guilin parliament" and "Nanning parliament" were formed. On August 28, the capital of Guangxi Province was relocated from Guilin to Nanning, which was approved by the Ministry of internal affairs of Beijing provisional government.

In 1932, Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi, led by the New Guangxi Clique, took charge of Guangxi. They planned to move the provincial capital back to Guilin for the sake of preparation for the Anti Japanese War and security.

In 1936, the provincial capital moved back to Guilin from Nanning. Guilin became the provincial capital ruled by the new GUI warlords.

It was renamed Guilin County in 1914. From November 1944 to July 28, 1945, it was occupied by the Japanese aggressors, and it was still under the jurisdiction of Guangxi Province after the restoration.

Guilin was liberated on November 22, 1949 and became a city under the jurisdiction of Guangxi Province.

In 1958, it was renamed Guilin city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, which governs the urban and suburban areas of Guilin.

In July 1981 and October 1983, Yangshuo County and Lingui county were respectively under the jurisdiction of Guilin city. Urban and suburban.

On December 26, 1996, with the approval of the State Council, Guilin implemented partial zoning adjustment and renamed the suburb as Yanshan district.

On September 8, 1998, with the approval of the State Council, Guilin city and Guilin area merged to form a new Guilin city.

administrative division

Division evolution

In July 1981 and October 1983, Yangshuo County and Lingui county were respectively under the jurisdiction of Guilin city.

On February 3, 1990, Gongcheng County was abolished and Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County was established.

Since 1995, Ziyuan County has been treated as an Autonomous County.

On December 26, 1996, with the approval of the State Council, Guilin implemented partial zoning adjustment and renamed the suburb as Yanshan district.

On September 8, 1998, with the approval of the State Council, Guilin city and Guilin area merged to form a new Guilin city.

In 2013, the reply of the State Council on approving Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to adjust some administrative divisions of Guilin city agreed to cancel Lingui county and establish Lingui District of Guilin City, and agreed to move the resident of Guilin Municipal People's government from No. 16, Wumei Road, Xiangshan District to No. 69, Xicheng Middle Road, Lingui district.

On August 17, 2018, according to the relevant approval requirements of the Ministry of civil affairs, the government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region issued the notice on revoking Lipu County and establishing county-level Lipu City, revoking Lipu County and establishing county-level Lipu city. The former administrative region of Lipu County is the administrative region of Lipu City, and the Lipu people's government is located at Binjiang 6, Licheng town. Lipu city is directly under the central government of the autonomous region and managed by Guilin city.

On October 15, 2020, the cultural tourism promotion alliance of three provinces and six places will be established.

Zoning details

By the end of 2019, Guilin has jurisdiction over six districts including Xiufeng, Diecai, Xiangshan, Qixing, Yanshan and Lingui, one county-level city in Lipu, and 10 counties (autonomous counties) including Yangshuo, Lingchuan, Quanzhou, Xing'an, Yongfu, Guanyang, Longsheng, Ziyuan, Pingle and Gongcheng. Districts and counties have 13 sub district offices, 86 towns and 48 townships, including 15 ethnic townships, 237 (community) residents' committees and 1654 villagers' committees. The Municipal People's government is located in Lingui district.

geographical environment

Location context

Guilin is located in the southwest of Nanling Mountain system, the southern end of Hunan Guangxi corridor, the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 109 ° 36 ′ 50 ″ - 111 ° 29 ′ 30 ″ e, 24 ° 15 ′ 23 ″ - 26 ° 23 ′ 30 ″ n, 236 km long from north to South and 189 km wide from east to west. It borders Hunan Province in the north and northeast, Hezhou City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the southeast, Wuzhou City and Laibin city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the south, Liuzhou city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the West and southwest, with a total area of 27700 square kilometers (including 866.36 square kilometers of central urban area), accounting for 11.74% of the total area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

topographic features

Guilin is located in the southwest of Nanling Mountain system and the middle part of the north end of Guilin Yangshuo karst basin. The terrain is high in the west, North and Southeast, and low in the middle. The main peak of Yuechengling is Maoershan, which is 2141.5 meters above sea level. It is called the first peak in South China. Pingle county is as low as 97 meters above sea level. The relative height difference between the peak and the basin is 600-1600 meters, with a slope of 20-45 degrees. The East and west sides of the city are low mountains and hills, with an elevation of 300-600 meters and a relative elevation difference of 200-300 meters; the north and south sides are low hills. Ridge hill terrain, elevation 160-200m, relative elevation 10-20m, the middle part of the typical karst landform, peak strange water beauty, presented as karst peak forest and open flat Gufeng plain and valley terraces, ground elevation 150-160m, peak elevation 200-300m.

climate

Guilin is located in low latitude and belongs to subtropical season

Chinese PinYin : Guang Xi Zhuang Zu Zi Zhi Qu Gui Lin Shi