Guyuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Guyuan silk town, beautiful six plates. Guyuan city is located in Liupanshan area in the south of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The total area is 10540 square kilometers. Jurisdiction over Xiji County, Longde County, Jingyuan County, Pengyang County and Yuanzhou district. Qingyang City and Pingliang City in Gansu Province are in the East and south, Baiyin City in Gansu Province is in the west, and Zhongwei city and Wuzhong City in the north. The geographical range is between 35 ° 14 '- 35 ° 38' n and 105 ° 20 '- 106 ° 58' E. With a total area of 10540 square kilometers, Guyuan city covers an area of 45 square kilometers. Located in the center of the triangle formed by the capital cities of Xi'an, Lanzhou and Yinchuan, it is a promising area to be developed in Western China, and one of the "three West" areas designated by the central government to focus on poverty alleviation. It has the preferential policies given by the central government and a series of preferential investment policies formulated by local governments.

summary

The city is between 1248 meters and 2955 meters above sea level, with a climate from temperate semi humid area to temperate semi-arid area in the south. The annual average temperature is 5-7 degrees, the average rainfall is 260-820mm, and the annual sunshine hours are 2200-2700 hours. There is no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. Guyuan City has Qingshuihe, Jinghe, Huluhe, Zuli, etc. The total amount of water resources in the city is about 930 million cubic meters, and the groundwater reserve is 324 million cubic meters. There are 1.6783 million hectares of land in the city, including 426100 hectares of cultivated land, 266700 hectares of forest land (42700 hectares of natural secondary forest) and 77.77 hectares of pasture land. The forest coverage rate was 9.7%. The volume of standing trees is 2.401 million cubic meters, including 1.217 million cubic meters of natural forest.

geographical position

Guyuan city is located in the south of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, adjacent to Gansu Province in the East, South and West, and Zhongwei city and Tongxin County in the north.

Natural climate

The climate is characterized by high temperature, low precipitation and sufficient sunshine. The annual average temperature of the whole city is between 6.8 ℃ and 8.8 ℃, which is 2.0 ℃ higher than the average value of the same period over the years in most areas. The annual precipitation is 327.7mm-612.7mm, Guyuan and Jingyuan are normal compared with the same period of previous years, 14% - 20% less than other counties; sunshine hours are 2388.0-2622.2 hours, 32.0-289.1 hours more than the same period of previous years. Drought, gale, dust, low temperature, freezing injury, high temperature, local hail, rainstorm, lightning and other disasters occurred in the whole city, causing great losses to agricultural production and people's life. In terms of time sequence distribution, strong wind and sand blowing weather occur frequently in spring, and meteorological disasters such as drought, low temperature and frost damage occur one after another. There are more severe convective weather such as local hail in summer, less dry and warm precipitation in autumn, and obvious dry and warm phenomenon in winter.

Tourist attractions

Liupanshan tourist area, also known as Longshan, is located in the south of Ningxia, in the center of the triangle formed by the capitals of Xi'an, Yinchuan and Lanzhou. The main peak is located in Guyuan and Longde districts and counties of Ningxia, with an altitude of 2928 meters. The mountain is about 240 km long, running from north to south. It is the boundary between the Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi and the Loess Plateau in western Gansu, and the watershed between the Weihe River and the Jinghe River. In ancient times, Pandao reached the top of the mountain in six times, so it was named. In the southeast of the mountain lies the famous old Longtan, which is one of the water sources of Jing River. Jingyuan tourist area Jinghe River originates from Mawei Baliang in the hinterland of Liupan Mountain. It is the largest river in Liupan mountain range because of its huge water potential and turbulent rapids. Jinghe River is famous for its clearness. It flows thousands of miles to meet the turbid Weihe River, and you can still see half of its clearness. Liupan Mountain has created the Jinghe River, and the Jinghe River has bred Liupan Mountain. Within hundreds of miles of the birthplace of the Jinghe River, it is listed as a national nature reserve with luxuriant forests and bamboos, lush and luxuriant, colorful flowers and birds. Xumishan grottoes, also known as yuanguangsi grottoes, is located at the southern foot of Xumishan, 30 kilometers northwest of Guyuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Xumi mountain is a mountainous area composed of red sandstone. It is magnificent and has more than 20 well preserved caves. The remains of Xumishan Grottoes reflect the Buddhist stone carving art of China from the mid Northern Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasties. It is a precious cultural heritage of the Northern Silk Road and a historical witness of the economic and cultural exchanges and integration between China and foreign countries. The site of the ancient city of Chaona County in the Qin and Han Dynasties is located in the ancient town 15 kilometers west of Pengyang County. Located at the intersection of Ruhe River and Renshan River, Ruhe River is located in the middle of Hirakawa River Delta on the north bank, with dianwa reservoir in the East, chaonaqiu in the West and Luojiashan in the north. Surrounded by four wild peaks, it is just like a dragon leaping and tiger leaping. There are thousands of hectares of fertile land in the urban area. The north main canal of the river reservoir passes through the city. The canal water is murmuring, the trees are shady, the butterflies are flying and the bees are dancing. It is picturesque. Chaona city is a place for military strategists in the past dynasties. Qin and Han Dynasties are strategic places leading to Chang'an. Now it is a key cultural relic protection unit. Today, the city is green with peach blossoms in spring, blue waves in midsummer, red leaves in autumn and green pines in winter. The broken walls of Chaona ancient city are simple and thick; the newly-built commercial buildings and courtyards and houses complement each other; the wide roads and lanes coexist; the prosperous markets and quiet farmhouses are unique; the quiet and solemn Dongshan mosque and the ancient city's primary and secondary schools are hidden in the green pines and cypresses, forming a simple and elegant picture. Huoshizhai Huoshizhai, located in Xiji County, Southern Ningxia, is named Huoshizhai because its mountains are dark red, especially in the shade of green trees, which are like burning flames. Every spring and summer, the mountains are covered with flowers and plants, colorful, bee love butterfly dance, full of vitality. Among the sparse trees, there are also clusters of Fargesia, which add a bit of Southern beauty to the northern landscape. Within a hundred Li radius of Huoshizhai, there are many towering peaks, large and small. Among them, the famous ones are saozhuling, Shisi mountain, Zhaobi mountain and so on, especially the natural stone city. Huoshizhai Huoshizhai not only has fascinating natural landscape, but also has more than ten grotto buildings, which come down in one continuous line with Xumishan grottoes. Located in chanyao village, huozhai Township, Xiji County, the grottoes of Xumishan Buddhist temple are also called "Xumishan Buddhist temple" because they are connected with Xumishan mountain in Guyuan County. It is a holy land for the spread of Zen Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty. the grottoes are built on a pagoda like peak with a sharp top. The peak is about 120 meters high, like a spear piercing the sky. The four walls are suspended in the air. If you climb to the top of the mountain, the clouds will float under your feet. There are 10 caves in the East and west of Shifeng, including frescoes, stone sculptures and xumizuo. Among them, the largest grotto is 15 meters away from the peak, with a rectangular flat top. Local residents provide three clay statues. In the lower half of the peak, there is a grotto, 15 meters deep, 4 meters wide and 5 meters high, which can accommodate more than 100 people. Grottoes around the main peak of strange peaks or rise in the air, or sink Valley, different forms. Broom ridge grottoes are located in the Shifeng group, 15 kilometers north of Xiji County and 5 kilometers south of Huoshizhai township. They are also called "Yuntai Mountain" and "Xidang mountain" because of the bamboo growing on the mountain to make brooms. the forest here is verdant, the water is clear, especially the strange towering Stone Mountain, giving people the feeling of "Guilin landscape". The mountain peak has a fairyland appearance and is quite colorful. The main peak of broom ridge is surrounded by cliffs, but there are stone steps carved in the northeast corner. The magical natural landscape is integrated with the humanistic buildings on the mountain. The Jade Emperor Pavilion, the Great Buddha Hall, the Bodhisattva hall, the Niuwang hall, the Longevity Palace and other caves have 30 holes, which are distributed on the stone walls about 330 meters long from east to west. Most of the caves have rectangular flat roofs and round domes. The rectangular Buddha Hall is 9 meters deep, 6.1 meters wide and 5.45 meters high. Most of the statues in the Grottoes have been destroyed, and there are still stone sculptures such as xumizuo, niches and murals. Among the four complete stone statues, the largest is the standing Buddha with a height of 4.8 meters and a circumference of 4.4 meters. There are also three bronze Buddha statues in the grottoes, one of which was made by Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty during the period of tuobatao (424-452); the other is the gilded bronze statue of Sakyamuni of the Song Dynasty, which is 46 cm high and weighs 18 kg. There is no historical data to check when the broom ridge grottoes were excavated. If the bronze Buddha statue is not a fake, it is speculated that it was probably excavated in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Wuliangshan Grottoes Wuliangshan Grottoes is located in Tianzhuang village, Chuankou Township, 25 kilometers northwest of Pengyang County. It is backed by Wuliangshan, facing the Shixia River, with beautiful scenery. There are two caves, about 50 meters apart in the middle. They sit in the South and face the north. They are arranged East and west along the Shixia river. The cave was built in 1032. In 1985, Wuliangshan grottoes were listed as county-level cultural relics protection units. In 1988, it was listed as a cultural relic protection unit at the autonomous region level. In 1991, the people of Pengyang County planted 400 "memorial trees of cultural relics and historic sites" around the grottoes. Guyuan museum located in the northwest corner of Yuanzhou District of Guyuan City, Ningxia Guyuan museum was founded in 1983, covering an area of 14000 square meters, and officially opened in 1988. It is a comprehensive provincial medium-sized Museum approved by the people's Government of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, which is mainly for the collection of historical relics, and also for the display of local history, folk cultural relics and natural science. There are more than 10000 cultural relics in the collection, including 123 national level cultural relics and 3 national treasure level cultural relics. Guyuan museum is most prominent in terms of Neolithic Yangshao culture and Longshan culture relics, northern minority bronzes in the spring and autumn and Warring States periods, cultural relics of the Northern Dynasties, and tomb murals of Sui and Tang Dynasties. There are treasures of the existing Persian Sassanian cultural relics in the whole country and even in the world - "gilt gold and silver pot" and "spike decorated glass bowl" of the Persian Sassanian Dynasty unearthed from the tomb of Lixian in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. These two "national treasures" fully prove the importance of Guyuan on the North Road of the eastern section of the Silk Road, and also prove the importance of Guyuan

Chinese PinYin : Ning Xia Hui Zu Zi Zhi Qu Gu Yuan Shi