Yuxi City, Yunnan Province

Yuxi Yuxi City, a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Yunnan Province, is located in the middle of Yunnan Province. Its geographical coordinates are between 23 ° 19 ′ ~ 24 ° 53 ′ N and 101 ° 16 ′ ~ 103 ° 09 ′ E. It is adjacent to Kunming City in the north, Pu'er City in the southwest, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the southeast and Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the northwest, with a total area of 15285 square kilometers. Yuxi governs 2 districts and 7 counties, and the municipal Party committee and municipal government are located in Hongta District. In 2019, the permanent resident population will be 2.389 million.

The terrain of Yuxi is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Mountains, valleys, plateaus and basins are crisscrossed. The maximum transverse distance is 172 km and the maximum longitudinal distance is 163.5 km. Most areas are 1500-1800 meters above sea level. The annual average temperature is 16.4-24.6 ℃. The climate is three-dimensional and diverse. There is no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. The four seasons are like spring, with distinct dryness and wetness.

Yuxi is the hometown of Nie'Er, the hometown of Yunyan, the hometown of Huadeng and the hometown of plateau water. It is located in the hinterland of central Yunnan. It is an important transportation hub connecting the outside of Yunnan with South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is an important copper producing area in Yunnan. There are Maotian mountain paleontology culture, ancient Yunnan culture, plateau water culture and Ailao Mountain Red River Valley ethnic customs culture in the territory. There are 4 4A level tourist attractions, 2 3A level tourist attractions and 11 2A level tourist attractions. In 2018, the national health city (District) was reconfirmed.

Historical evolution

Place name source

Yuxi is named after water. Yuxi River is the bridge water recorded in shuijingzhu. It has been called Yuxi in Ming Dynasty literature, and it means clear flow like jade.

History of construction

In 279 BC, Chu general Zhuang Qiao entered Yunnan.

In 111 B.C., Jue county was established, and Huaning County belonged to Wushan County.

In 109 BC, the Western Han Dynasty troops came to Yunnan, and the king of Yunnan descended. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty granted the seal of the king of Yunnan and juxtaposed Yizhou county. The county established 24 counties, including Dianchi county (now Jinning), Shuangbai County (now Yimen) and Yuyuan county (now Chengjiang).

Yuyuan county was established in Shuhan Dynasty, which was subordinate to Jianning County of Yizhou.

Yuyuan county was established in Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, which was subordinate to Jianning County of ningzhou.

In the Sui Dynasty, Xi'an Prefecture was established and subordinate to the general manager's office of ningzhou.

In the Tang Dynasty, Qiuzhou was established and subordinate to the governor's office of Nanning Prefecture; in the later Nanzhao state, Wenfu Prefecture was established and subordinate to Heyang County.

In the Song Dynasty, it was subordinate to Dali state, and established Wenfu Prefecture rest system department, which was subordinate to Heyang County.

Wenfu qianhusuo was established in Yuan Dynasty, which was under the jurisdiction of qianhusuo, pushe qianhusuo and Yanhe qianhusuo, and was subordinate to luojiawanhusuo in middle road of Yunnan Province; later Xinxing Prefecture was established, which was under the jurisdiction of xiuna County, pushe county and Yanhe County, and was subordinate to Chengjiang road in xingzhongshu Province of Yunnan Province.

The Ming Dynasty belonged to Kunyang Prefecture, Chengjiang Prefecture, Lin'an Prefecture, ningzhou Prefecture and Yuanjiang Prefecture.

The Qing Dynasty inherited the Ming system and belonged to Yunnan Prefecture, Chengjiang Prefecture, Lin'an Prefecture, Xinxing Prefecture, Yuanjiang Zhili Prefecture, etc.

In the fifth year of the Republic of China (1916), "Yuxi" got its name because the Yuxi River (zhouda River), one of the sources of the Pearl River, which runs through the urban area of Yuxi, is clear and bright, like a jade belt flowing among thousands of acres of farmland.

On December 9, 1949, Lu Han led the uprising and Yunnan was peacefully liberated. On December 18, the Yuxi military control commission was established and Yuxi was peacefully liberated.

On January 1, 1950, the people's administrative Commissioner's office of central Yunnan (renamed Yuxi administrative Commissioner's office in March of the same year) and the people's Government of Yuxi county were established.

In June 1998, the land was withdrawn to establish a city.

administrative division

Division evolution

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Xinxing County was established and subordinate to Yunnan Province.

In 1913, xiuna county was established under the jurisdiction of Yunnan Province.

In 1916, Yuxi county was established under the jurisdiction of Yunnan Province.

In October 1958, Yuxi county and Jiangchuan County merged into Yuxi county.

In October 1961, Yuxi and Jiangchuan counties were still separated.

On September 9, 1983, Yuxi county was replaced by Yuxi City.

In 1998, with the approval of the State Council, Yuxi district was abolished and prefecture level Yuxi City was established. Yuxi City has jurisdiction over Hongta District (formerly county-level Yuxi City), Jiangchuan County, Chengjiang County, Tonghai County, Huaning County, Yimen County, Eshan Yi Autonomous County, Xinping Yi Dai Autonomous County and Yuanjiang Hani Yi Dai Autonomous County.

On December 3, 2015, the State Council approved the abolition of Jiangchuan County and the establishment of Jiangchuan District of Yuxi City. The former administrative region of Jiangchuan County is the administrative region of Jiangchuan district. The people's Government of Jiangchuan district is located at No. 34, Ninghai Road, Dajie street.

On December 13, 2019, with the approval of the State Council and the approval of the Ministry of civil affairs, Chengjiang County was abolished and Chengjiang city at the county level was established. The former administrative region of Chengjiang County was the administrative region of Chengjiang City, and Chengjiang Municipal People's government was stationed at No. 26, Fengxiang Road North, Fenglu street. Chengjiang city is directly under the central government of Yunnan Province and managed by Yuxi City.

On February 19, 2020, Chengjiang County to city meeting was held in Yuxi City in the form of video.

Zoning details

As of December 2019, Yuxi governs Hongta District, Jiangchuan District, Tonghai County, Huaning County, Yimen County, Eshan Yi Autonomous County, Xinping Yi Dai Autonomous County, Yuanjiang Hani Yi Dai Autonomous County, and manages a county-level city (Chengjiang city) and 75 townships (towns and streets), including 24 streets, 25 towns and 26 townships (10 ethnic townships). The municipal Party committee and municipal government are located in Hongta District.

geographical environment

Location context

Yuxi City is located in the middle of Yunnan Province of the people's Republic of China, between 23 ° 19 ′ ~ 24 ° 53 ′ N and 101 ° 16 ′ ~ 103 ° 09 ′ E. Kunming City in the north, Puer City in the southwest, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the southeast, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the northwest. The maximum horizontal distance is 172 km, and the maximum vertical distance is 163.5 km, covering a total area of 15285 square kilometers.

Climatic characteristics

Yuxi City is located in the low latitude plateau area, which belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate. The climate changes with the complex terrain and the comprehensive influence of the Indian Ocean and Beibu Gulf temperature, humidity and dry air flow. It has the dry season in winter and spring, the rainy season in summer and autumn, and the influence of vertical, back and orientation, which has the characteristics of diverse climate change, mild and humid. The annual average temperature is 15.4-24.2 ℃, the highest is 32.2 ℃, and the lowest is - 3 ℃; the annual average precipitation is 787.8-1000mm, which is mainly concentrated in June to October, especially the rainy season is concentrated in May to October, and the heavy rain is mainly concentrated in June to August. The "single point rainstorm" with small scope and high intensity occurs frequently; the relative humidity is 75.3%, the absolute humidity is 13.6mba; the annual average evaporation is 1801mm. From January to march is the frost period, with occasional snowfall. Due to the complex terrain and large elevation difference, the rainfall in the mountain area is larger than that in the dam area, and the temperature is lower. From the top of the mountain to the bottom of the valley, the annual and diurnal temperature difference also changes significantly.

Geology and geomorphology

The terrain of Yuxi City is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Mountains, valleys, plateaus and basins are staggered. Ailao Mountain in the west is a huge barrier with continuous mountains and ravines. There are some large fault subsidence basins in the East and North. The Yuanjiang River Valley is deeply cut along the Yuanjiang fault zone on the east side of Ailao Mountains. The height difference from the river surface to the top of the mountain is more than 2000 meters, forming a high mountain gorge zone. The main peak of Ailao Mountains, daxueguo mountain, is 3137 meters above sea level, the highest point in the city. The confluence of nanhun River and Yuanjiang River is 328 meters above sea level, which is the lowest point in the city. In addition to the Yuanjiang River Valley, most parts of the city are 1500-1800 meters above sea level. Hongta District, where the municipal government is located, is 1630 meters above sea level.

hydrographic features

The inland rivers of Yuxi City belong to the Pearl River system and the red river system. Xinping County, Yimen County, Yuanjiang County and a part of Eshan County belong to the red river system, with a total catchment area of 9981 square kilometers. Hongta District, Tonghai County, Huaning County, Chengjiang County, Jiangchuan County and a part of Eshan County belong to the Pearl River system, with a catchment area of 5044 square kilometers. There are Fuxian Lake, Xingyun Lake and Qilu Lake.

Across Chengjiang, Jiangchuan and Huaning, Fuxian Lake is the largest deep-water freshwater lake and the largest class I freshwater ecological lake in China. The water area is 216 square kilometers, the average water depth is 95 meters, and the water storage capacity is 20.6 billion cubic meters, which is 12 times that of Dianchi Lake and 6 times that of Erhai Lake. The total water resources account for 9.16% of the total freshwater resources of lakes in China. It is a rare class I water quality Lake in the world, and is listed as the first class water quality lake It is one of the eight pilot projects of ecological environment protection for lakes with good water quality in China, and is the key point of ecological environment protection for rivers and lakes in China.

Xingyun Lake is located in Jiangchuan District, with an area of 34 square kilometers, an average water depth of 7 meters and a capacity of 184 million cubic meters.

Qilu Lake is located in Tonghai County, with an area of 36.4 square kilometers, an average water depth of 4 meters and a capacity of 182 million cubic meters.

natural resources

mineral resources

Yuxi's mineral resources include iron, copper, nickel and phosphorus, with a potential economic value of more than 400 billion yuan. Iron ore reserves are 720 million tons, ranking first in Yunnan Province; nickel reserves are 530000 tons, ranking second in China; copper reserves are 3 million tons, ranking second in Yunnan Province; phosphorite reserves are 1.54 billion tons, ranking second in Yunnan Province.

Biological resources

In 2016, there were 34 species of national key protected wild plants in Yuxi City, including 9 species of national first-class key protected wild plants and 25 species of national second-class key protected wild plants. There are 72 species of national key protected terrestrial wildlife, including 20 species of first-class protected terrestrial wildlife, 52 species of second-class protected terrestrial wildlife, and 5 species of provincial key protected terrestrial wildlife. There are 10 nature reserves at all levels and 2 national forest parks, covering an area of 105400 hectares, accounting for 7.06% of the city's land area. The total area of wetland is 43100 hectares, accounting for 2.88% of the city's land area. Among them, there are 9300 hectares of river wetland, 31000 hectares of Lake Wetland and 5 hectares of swamp wetland

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Yu Xi Shi