Meishan City, Sichuan Province

Meishan, a prefecture level city in Sichuan Province. Located in the southwest edge of Sichuan Basin, between min'e, it is named after Emei Mountain. As an important part of the national Tianfu new area, it is known as the "book city of thousands of years" and "the first state of Humanities". With an area of 7140 square kilometers and a population of 3.5 million, it governs Dongpo and Pengshan districts and Renshou, Hongya, Danling and Qingshen counties.

Meishan, formerly known as Meizhou, has a profound culture. Song Dynasty was one of the three major engraving printing centers in China. Among the eight proses of Tang and Song Dynasties, Meishan Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe occupied three seats. It is the hometown of Su Dongpo, a great writer of the millennium. During the Song Dynasty, there were 886 Jinshi in Meishan, known as "800 Jinshi" in history.

Meishan is ecologically livable, located in the humid monsoon climate zone of the middle subtropical zone, with four distinct seasons and long frost free period. The city's forest coverage rate is 50%, urban and rural green coverage rate is 58.04%, and water area accounts for 9.5% of the land area. It is a national garden city and national forest city. It has "the world's most beautiful table mountain" Wawu mountain, "longevity" Pengzu mountain, "West Sichuan's first sea" Heilong beach, "Emei's half mountain" Qiliping and other scenic spots. It has been rated as the preferred tourist destination in the Asia Pacific region (second and third tier cities) and the most beautiful ecological and cultural tourism city in China.

Meishan has a superior location. The main urban area is only 60km away from Chengdu, 50km away from Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport and Chengdu Tianfu International Airport. The number of trains between Chengdu and Meishan is 80 trains per day. Meishan is located in the radiation area of Tianfu new area, including 94 square kilometers of core area and 448 square kilometers of coordinated control area. For 11 years in a row, Sichuan ranked the top 5 in attracting investment, with 33 of the world's top 500 enterprises, ranking the second in Sichuan.

In 2020, Meishan's GDP will reach 142.374 billion yuan, up 4.2% year on year.

Historical evolution

The establishment of Meishan government began in the third year of Jianwu (496) of the Southern Qi Dynasty. Qitongzuo county was built in the south of Wuyang County, Qianwei county. Its jurisdiction includes today's Dongpo District, Qingshen, Danling, Hongya, Central District of Leshan City, Jiajiang, Emeishan and other places. The county government is located in longan village, Taihe Town, ten kilometers north of today's Dongpo District. In the ordinary period of Nanliang Dynasty (520-527), Qitong left county was renamed Qitong County, and Qitong county was built with the same county governance.

In the second year of the Qing Dynasty (548), Qingzhou was set up, with Qitong County under its jurisdiction.

In 553, Qingzhou was changed into Meizhou, governing Qitong county and Qingcheng county.

In 558, the second year of the Ming emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Qitong county was abolished and Anle county was set up. Today, Dongpo town still belongs to Meizhou. In the first year of Jiande (572), Meizhou was transformed into Qingzhou. In the first year of Dacheng (579), Qingzhou was transformed into Jiazhou.

Sui kaihuang three years (583), the abolition of County State. In the second year of Daye (606), Jiazhou was rebuilt as Meizhou, and the state government moved to Tongyi county (now Dongpo town). Meishan County was established by withdrawing the state, and Longyou was governed by the county, which is now Shizhong District of Leshan City.

In 618, Meishan County was changed to Jiazhou. In the following year, Meizhou was divided from Jiazhou, with jurisdiction over Tongyi, Danling, Hongya, Nan'an (now Jiajiang) and Qingshen counties, belonging to jiannandao and Tongyi county. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Meizhou was abolished and Tongyi county was established. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Tongyi county was abolished and Meizhou was restored, belonging to Xichuan, Jiannan road.

In 976, Tongyi county was renamed Meishan County, which was subordinate to Meizhou, Xichuan road. The four counties of Meishan, Pengshan, Danling and Qingshen are the leaders of the state.

In 1277, Meizhou belonged to Jiading road. Twenty years later, Meishan County was abolished and governed by the prefecture, while Danling county was incorporated into Meizhou.

In 1376, Meizhou was reduced to Meixian County, which was under the jurisdiction of jiadingzhou. The next year, Pengshan and Danling were merged into Meixian, and Qingshen into Jiazhou. In the 13th year, Meixian County was upgraded to Meizhou, which was directly under the Sichuan provincial government. Meishan County was still governed by the prefecture and led by three counties: Danling, Pengshan and Qingshen.

In 1913, Meizhou was abolished and Meishan County was restored, belonging to shangchuannan road. The next year, it was changed to Jianchang road. From 1928 to 1929, Taoism was abolished. In 1935, it was established as the fourth administrative supervision district of Sichuan Province. The office of the Commissioner set up Meishan County, with jurisdiction over Meishan, Pengshan, Danling, Qingshen, Jiajiang, Hongya, Dayi, Qionglai, Pujiang and Mingshan counties.

After the liberation, in January 1950, Meishan district was set up, and Meishan County was set up by the office of the Commissioner. It belongs to the Western Sichuan administrative office, and has jurisdiction over 10 counties, which is the same as the county under the jurisdiction of the fourth administrative supervision district before liberation. Later, Dayi was set up and Xinjin was set up.

On March 5, 1953, Meishan district was abolished and Meishan County was put under the jurisdiction of Leshan district. In 1959, Pengshan, Qingshen and Meishan were combined into one county, called Meishan County.

In November 1962, the county system was restored in the two counties. In 1968, Meishan County belonged to Leshan area. In 1985, it was under the provincial jurisdiction of Leshan City.

In August 1997, Meishan Prefecture was established, and Meishan County was transferred to Meishan Prefecture.

In December 2000, the original Meishan County was changed into Dongpo District.

administrative division

In October 2014, the State Council agreed to abolish Pengshan County and establish Pengshan District of Meishan City. The former administrative region of Pengshan County is the administrative region of Pengshan district. The people's Government of Pengshan district is located at No. 98, West Street, Fengming town.

Meishan has 6 county-level administrative divisions (2 municipal districts, 4 counties) and 80 township level administrative divisions (13 streets, 62 towns, 5 townships). It covers an area of 7134 square kilometers and has a population of 3.5 million. Meishan Municipal People's government is located at No. 2, West Section 1, Meizhou Avenue, Dongpo District.

Note: Meishan Management Committee of Sichuan Tianfu New Area (entrusted Shigao street, Qinglong Street, Jinjiang Town, Guiping Town, Gaojia Town, Longma town and Beidou town) implements separate planning and enjoys the authority of social and economic affairs management in entrusted area.

geographical environment

geographical position

Meishan is located in the southwest of Chengdu Plain in Sichuan Basin and the middle reaches of Minjiang River. It spans 29 ° 24 ′ - 30 ° 16 ′ N and 102 ° 49 ′ - 104 ° 30 ′ e, 150 km long from east to west and 72 km wide from north to south. It is adjacent to Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, Leshan in the north, Neijiang, Ziyang and Zigong in the East and Ya'an in the west, covering an area of 7134 square kilometers.

topographic features

The overall terrain of Meishan city is high in the West and low in the East, high in the South and low in the north. The territory of mountains, rolling hills, dense river network. In the middle is the broad Minjiang River valley plain. Guangdongshan in Hongya County is the highest peak in the city, with an altitude of 3172 meters. In the south, the mountains are towering, the terrain is steep, the development of gullies is mostly "V" shape, the terrain is cut and broken, and the altitude is more than 1000 meters. In the north, there are low mountains, hills and plains, and the terrain is gentle and flat. The city's Pingba area is 1396.80 square kilometers, mainly distributed on both sides of Minjiang River, accounting for 19.44% of the city's total area; the hilly area is 4237.75 square kilometers, mainly distributed in Longquan Mountain range and Zonggang mountain range, accounting for 58.97% of the city's total area; the mountainous area is dominated by medium and low mountain landforms, covering an area of 1551.45 square kilometers, mainly distributed on the right bank of dinghongya Qingyi River, accounting for 21.59% of the city's total area.

climate

Meishan city is located in the middle and low latitudes, in the west of Sichuan Basin and the middle reaches of Minjiang River. The city is dominated by humid monsoon climate in the middle subtropical zone. It is characterized by the alternation of sea and land monsoon every year. Four distinct seasons, mild climate, abundant rainfall, rainy and hot season, less sunshine, long frost free period. There is no severe cold in winter, less frost and snow; there is no severe heat in summer, which is a period of frequent rainstorms and other severe convective weather; spring warms early, with less precipitation; autumn is warm and cool, with more continuous rain. The annual average temperature is 16.8 ℃; from July to August, the monthly average temperature is 25.7 ℃ and 25.6 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 39.9 ℃ (Renshou, August 12, 2006); January is the coldest, the average temperature is 6.5 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is minus 4.2 ℃ (Hongya, December 28, 1991). The highest monthly average temperature is 28.4 ℃ (August), and the lowest monthly average temperature is 3.8 ℃ (January). The annual frost free period is 308-320 days. The annual average sunshine hours is 1060-1300 hours, which is one of the low sunshine areas in China. The average annual precipitation is 1153.7mm. The average annual rainfall days are 159 days, with the maximum of 228 days (Hongya, 1989) and the minimum of 116 days (Renshou, 2003 and 2006). The extreme annual maximum rainfall is 2165.4mm (Hongya, 1966), and the extreme annual minimum rainfall is 544.4mm (Renshou, 2006). Hongya and Danling in the West and Qingshen in the South have abundant annual rainfall, which is one of the rainstorm centers in the province. Renshou County in the East has higher drought frequency than other districts and counties in the city. In the annual flood season (May to September), July is the most, accounting for about 85% of the total annual rainfall. The annual average number of gale days greater than 6 is 5 days. The annual average thunderstorm days are about 30 days. In addition, with the increase of altitude in the southwest mountain area, there is a complete climate band spectrum from the subtropical warm temperate zone to the cold temperate zone and the sub frigid zone, and the vertical difference of climate (stereoscopic climate).

natural resources

water resource

There are 27887 water conservancy projects in Meishan City. There are 15 rivers with a drainage area of more than 100 square kilometers. Among them, Minjiang River flows through Pengshan, Meishan and Qingshen counties from north to south, with a runoff length of 99.26 kilometers. Qingyi River flows from Ya'an to Jiajiang County of Leshan City through Hongya County, with a runoff length of 58.82 kilometers . The theoretical reserves of hydropower resources in the city are 1.3 million kilowatts, 1.3 million kilowatts can be developed, and 1.5 million kilowatts have been developed