Yiyang City, Hunan Province

Yiyang Yiyang is a prefecture level city in Hunan Province, located on the South Bank of Dongting Lake in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain, in the north of Hunan Province, at the east end of Xuefeng mountain and its remaining veins. It is an important member of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, one of the core cities of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, and one of the 3 + 5 urban agglomerations of Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan. It has successively won the provincial garden city, the most suitable city for human settlement, and outstanding green ecological city in China City, National Excellent Tourism City, National Forest City, National Health City, national civilized city nomination City, Hunan historical and cultural city and other titles, has been a rich "land of fish and rice" in Jiangnan since ancient times.

Yiyang City governs seven districts and counties (cities) including Heshan District, Ziyang District, Anhua County, Taojiang County, Nanxian County, Yuanjiang City, Datong Lake Management area, and national Yiyang high tech Industrial Development Zone.

The geographical coordinates of Yiyang are 27 ° 58'38 ″ n to 29 ° 31'42 ″ E and 110 ° 43'02 ″ e to 112 ° 55'48 ″. The longest distance from east to west is 217 km, and the widest distance from north to south is 173 km. From the map, Yiyang is like a lion looking east and lying on the ground waiting to jump. It borders on the Yangtze River in the north, Shishou County in Hubei Province, Changde City and Huaihua City in the West and southwest, Loudi City in the south, Yueyang City and Changsha City in the East and Southeast. On January 29, 2021, it was selected into the list of areas with remarkable achievements in real work in 2020 announced by Hunan Provincial People's government.

Historical evolution

As early as the late Neolithic age, there were human beings in the area. The unearthed cultural relics prove that villages have been formed about 5000 years ago in today's Anhua County, such as malukou and Jiangnan, Nanxian County, beihekou, Heshan District, dengshiqiao and Yuanjiang City, gouhu. After entering the bronze age, in today's areas of Majitang and Huishangang in Taojiang County, lianzitang in Yuanjiang City, xinqiaohe and Changchun in Ziyang District, heshanmiao, longguangqiao and Bijiashan in Heshan District, villages have become more concentrated. Before the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the territory was under the jurisdiction of Jingzhou, one of the nine states in Shangshu Yugong. During the Warring States period, it belonged to Qianzhong County of Chu state. Qin belongs to Changsha County.

According to Ying Shao in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yiyang was named after Yishui County Zhou Shurong of the Qing Dynasty has a "Yiyang Fu" which says: "Yishui passes by, the north of which is called Yang, and the county is named after it." It seems that Zishui, the great river flowing through Yiyang, may have been Yishui in ancient times. The market is in the north of the river, so it is called Yiyang. Interestingly, the name of Yiyang has not changed its name for thousands of years, no matter how frequently it has changed its jurisdiction, which is rare in Chinese place names. According to documents and unearthed cultural relics, as early as the Neolithic age, our ancestors lived and multiplied on this land. About 5000 years ago, there are dense communities in the areas of xinqiaohe, dengshiqiao, Wuling, lianzitang and Huishangang in Yiyang.

According to Yu Gong, today's Yiyang area belongs to Jingzhou in ancient times. In the spring and Autumn period, it was the place of Chu. In the Warring States period, it was subordinate to Qianzhong County of Chu. In 221 BC, the Qin Dynasty destroyed Chu and established Changsha County, with nine counties including Yiyang. The newly established Yiyang County includes today's Taojiang, Yiyang, Anhua and Xinhua counties, Yiyang City and Lengshuijiang City, as well as parts of Ningxiang, Xiangyin, Lianyuan, Xinshao and Yuanjiang City, covering an area of 18000 square kilometers. The counties and cities under the jurisdiction of today's Yiyang area are all within the territory of ancient Yiyang, except for Yuanjiang and Nanxian.

In the Western Han Dynasty, the two systems of prefectures and counties and feudalism coexisted. Today, Yiyang belongs to the state of Changsha and Wuling County, which is under the jurisdiction of the Department of Cishi in Jingzhou. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, following the system of Prefecture, county and county in the Western Han Dynasty, Changsha was abolished as a county. Today, Yiyang Prefecture belongs to the state of Changsha and Wuling County, and is under the jurisdiction of the Department of Cishi in Jingzhou.

The Three Kingdoms stand at the same time, Wu and Shu are divided into Jingzhou. During this period, Jingzhou was in the battlefield of Wei, Shu and Wu. After the battle of Chibi, Cao Cao withdrew from the south, and Wu and Shu launched a complicated struggle for Jingzhou. It was captured by Liu Bei of Shu in 207 ad. When Sun Quan failed to claim Jingzhou, he sent LV Meng to seize Changsha. In order to save Changsha, Liu Bei ordered Guan Yu to garrison Yiyang and LV Meng to refuse in 215 A.D. According to the biography of Gan Ning in Wu Zhi: "Ning followed Lu Su and Yiyang to refuse the Marquis of Guan, and the Marquis chose 5000 elites to join the county, and they wanted to cross the country at night. Su chose Yining as his army. He would rather live in the night, but Hou Wenzhi would not live in the village Lu Su led Cheng Pu and Gan Ning to settle down in Guishan, Southeast of the city, and dated Guan Yu at Xikou, Lujiashan. This date is the famous "single sword club" for thousands of years. The city wall of Yiyang was built by Suzhu Earth City.

In the second year of Wu Taiping in the Three Kingdoms (A.D. 257), Hengyang County was set up by the Duwei in the west of Changsha. Yiyang belongs to Hengyang County. At this time, Xinyang County (now Ningxiang) was set up in the south, and Gaoping County (now a part of Xinhua and Xinshao county) was set up in the West in 266. The territory of Yiyang County began to shrink. In 280 ad, after Jin destroyed Wu, it was divided into 20 states, and Yiyang belonged to Jingzhou. In the Southern Song Dynasty (420 AD), Hengyang County was changed into a state, and Yiyang belonged to Hengyang state. Part of the land was allocated to Xiangyin. In the Southern Dynasties, Hengyang was changed into a county in the Qi Dynasty (479 A.D.), and it still belonged to Hengyang County, Yaoshan County, Wuling County, baling county and Nanping County until the Liang Dynasty.

In Sui Dynasty, it belonged to Tanzhou, Yuezhou, Langzhou and Lizhou respectively. In the first year of Tang Zhenguan (627 AD), there were 10 Daos in the whole country and 15 Daos in Kaiyuan. Daoxia was also called the prefecture. Yiyang, which belonged to Tanzhou and Changsha, changed four times.

During the Five Dynasties, the ten states were divided, and Hunan belonged to the state of Chu. Houliang (907 AD) Yiyang belongs to Tanzhou. In the later Tang Dynasty (923 AD), Ma Yin was the state of Chu, and Yiyang belonged to Changsha. In the Later Zhou Dynasty (951-959 AD), Yiyang belonged to Tanzhou Prefecture.

In the Song Dynasty, it was divided into 15 roads at the beginning, 23 roads at the end, and 16 roads in the Southern Song Dynasty. The road was high and pacifying department, Zhili capital, and the government, prefecture and army were set up below the road. In 960 A.D., Yiyang belonged to Changsha County, Lutan Prefecture, Hunan Province. In the fifth year of Xining (1072 A.D.), Yiyang Meishan and other places were divided into Xinhua and Anhua counties. In the fifth year of the Song Dynasty, Zhang Dun opened Meishan and established Anhua County, which means "return to Anhua".

In 1279 ad, Kublai Khan destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty, built the Yuan Dynasty, and set up the road. In the first year of yuanchengzong and Yuanzhen (1295 AD), ten thousand households in Yiyang County were promoted to Yiyang state, which belongs to Tanzhou road. In the second year of Tianli (1329 AD), Tanzhou road was changed to Tianlin road.

The Ming Dynasty was divided into 13 provinces, the provincial high minister (later changed to announce minister), the provincial government, state, Department, Yiyang is Huguang Province, namely Huguang minister (governing Jiangxia, today's Wuhan City) Changsha Government. At the beginning of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368 AD), Yiyang Prefecture was restored to Yiyang County.

In 1636 A.D., Aixinjueluo changed his name to Qing Dynasty. It is divided into 18 provinces at first, and then 23 provinces, including provincial high governor, governor and minister. Yiyang belongs to Changsha County of Baodao, governor of Hunan Province.

On October 20, 1852, Hong Xiuquan led the Taiping army to fight in Yiyang through Changsha, and changed Yiyang County into "Desheng county". This is the only time Yiyang changed its name briefly in its history.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, it was divided into 22 provinces and 4 special zones, and then it was increased to 35 provinces and Tibet. In 1914, Hunan Province abandoned its government offices, departments and prefectures, and Changbao road was changed to Xiangjiang Road, which governs Yiyang. In the 11th year of the Republic of China, Yiyang was abandoned as a province. In 1938, Hunan Province was divided into nine administrative supervision districts, of which Yiyang was the first district, and then 10 districts.

In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), Hunan provincial government adjusted the original nine administrative supervision districts to 10 because of their wide jurisdiction and inconvenient supervision. In April of the same year, Yiyang County, Anhua County, Xiangxiang County, Ningxiang County, Hanshou County and Yuanjiang County were designated to form the fifth administrative supervision district, and the office of the commissioner was stationed in Yiyang County, which was the beginning of the establishment of the district level administration. Nan county belongs to the fourth administrative supervision district (the office of the Commissioner is located in Changde).

In 1944, the Japanese invaders invaded China on a large scale, part of Hunan was occupied, and the establishment of the administrative supervision areas was in name only. The provincial government then set up Anhua, Yuanling and Hongjiang administrative offices, as temporary agencies of the provincial government during the extraordinary period, to take charge of each county. Anhua administrative office was established in Meicheng, Anhua County on October 18, 2000. All the counties under the former fifth administrative supervision district are under the jurisdiction of Anhua county administrative office. On July 31 of the following year, the Anhua administrative office was abolished and the Fifth District of administrative supervision was restored.

In 1949, all parts of Hunan Province were liberated one after another. The rule of the Kuomintang government in Hunan Province came to an end, and the establishment of administrative supervision areas collapsed. In August of this year, after the establishment of the new provisional government of Hunan Province (the provincial people's government was formally established in April 1950), Hunan Province set up a city under the jurisdiction of a province and 10 special districts. The special district has a commissioner's office, which is an agency dispatched by the provincial government. Yiyang district was established in August 1949. The Commissioner's office is located in Chengguan District of Yiyang County, which governs six counties, namely Yiyang, Anhua, Xiangxiang, Ningxiang, Yuanjiang and Hanshou.

In March 1950, Chengguan District of Yiyang County was changed into Chengguan District of Yiyang County and upgraded to county level; in September of the same year, Yiyang City was established under the leadership of Yiyang special office. In April 1951, the provincial government implemented the instruction of the CPC Central Committee that "in a large county with a population of about 1 million, leadership is difficult, so it can be divided into small ones". It analyzed the ninth and tenth districts of Xiangxiang County, the third and fourth districts of Anhua County and Lantian Town, and some regions of Shaoyang and Xinhua counties, and set Lantian County as well as the third, sixth and seventh districts of Xiangxiang County, and Yongfeng County as well. In July of the same year, the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and eleventh districts of Yiyang County were analyzed and Taojiang County was set up, all under the jurisdiction of Yiyang special district. At that time, the district had jurisdiction over 9 counties and 1 city. Nanxian county belongs to Changde district.

In November 1952, the establishment of Yiyang district was abolished, and Ningxiang County was under its jurisdiction

Chinese PinYin : Hu Nan Sheng Yi Yang Shi