Longnan City, Gansu Province

Longnan Longnan is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Gansu Province, the administrative and cultural center of Longnan City approved by the people's Government of Gansu Province, an important transportation hub and business logistics center in the south of Gansu Province, and a city of Longshu and olive with distinctive regional cultural characteristics. By the end of 2019, the city has jurisdiction over one district and eight counties, with a total area of 27800 square kilometers, a permanent resident population of 2.6431 million and an urban population of 9203 million.

Longnan is located in the western region of China, Southeast of Gansu Province, the intersection area of Qinba mountain area, Loess Plateau and Qinghai Tibet Plateau, Shaanxi Province in the East, Sichuan Province in the south, Shaanxi Province in the south, Gansu Province and Sichuan Province in the south, so it is known as "the key of Qinlong and the throat of Bashu". Because of the beautiful landform and pleasant climate, it is known as "Jiangnan in Longshang". There are 2 National Nature Reserves (Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve, Gansu Yuhe National Nature Reserve), 1 provincial nature reserve (Wenxian Jianshan Giant Panda Nature Reserve), 3 National Forest Parks (Wenxian Tianchi, Dangchang Guanegou, Chengxian jifengshan), 2 National Wetland Parks (Wenxian huanglingou National Wetland Park, Kangxian meiyuanhe National Wetland Park) Wetland Park). Longnan is also one of the main producing areas of Chinese herbal medicine and olive in China, enjoying the reputation of "Millennium medicine town", "natural medicine warehouse" and "olive town of China".

Longnan is the birthplace of Qin people and the core area of the activities of Di people and Qiang people in ancient Western China. Baima people in Wenxian county are known as "the oldest tribe in East Asia". In the long historical process, Longnan is not only a battlefield for fierce competition among various political and military forces, but also an outpost for contact between the central government of the Central Plains and the northwest ethnic minorities.

Historical evolution

Longnan was the birthplace of the Qin people and the core area of the activities of the di and Qiang people in ancient Western China. In the long historical process, Longnan is not only a battlefield for fierce competition among various political and military forces, but also an outpost for contact between the central government of the Central Plains and the northwest ethnic minorities.

Wudu road was established in Qin Dynasty. In the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC), Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty set up Wudu County, which belongs to the Department of history of Liangzhou. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao divided the prefecture into two parts, Liangzhou and Yongzhou. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wudu Prefecture was the boundary between Wei and Shu. In 219, Liu Bei captured Cao Cao's Hanzhong county and blocked the connection between Wudu and Yongzhou. So Cao Cao abandoned Wudu County and moved to youfufeng xiaohuaili. Since then, many wars have been fought between Wei and Shu in Wudu. The most famous one is Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of Shu, who "went out of Qishan six times" to attack Wei and captured Wudu and Yinping in 229. From then on, Wudu was occupied by Shu, until Shu was destroyed by Jin.

During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the northern and Southern Dynasties, five Hu regimes, namely, Qiuchi, Dangchang, Wudu, Wuxing and Yinping, were established in Longnan, which were called "five states of Longnan". In 296, Yang maosou, the leader of the di nationality, established the state of Qiu Chi, which was destroyed by Fu Jian of the former Qin Dynasty in 371. Yang Ding, a member of the clan, rebuilt the state of Qiu Chi in Licheng. In 442, he was destroyed by Liu Song of the Southern Dynasty. In 424, tuobatao of the Northern Wei Dynasty made Liang Mihu, a Qiang, king of Dangchang, with the capital in today's Dangchang county. In 566, the state of Dangchang was destroyed by the Northern Zhou Dynasty. In 443, after the fall of Qiu Chi state, Yang Wende, a native of Di, established Wudu state. In 477, Wudu was destroyed by the Northern Wei Dynasty. In 477, after Yang Wendu, the king of Wudu, was killed by the Northern Wei army, the Liu Song regime of the Southern Dynasty made Yang Wenhong the king of Wudu, retreated to Wuxing (now Lueyang, Shaanxi Province), and later changed the king of Wudu to the king of Wuxing. In 552, Wu Xingguo was destroyed by the Western Wei Dynasty. In 477, when the Northern Wei Dynasty destroyed the Wudu state, Yang Guangxiang, the uncle of Yang Wendu, helped the Wei army to kill Yang Wendu and was granted the title of Duke of Yinping. Later, the Southern Qi Dynasty recognized Yang Guangxiang as the leader of Yinping state and the capital of Yinping (Jinwen county). In 580, the state of Yinping was destroyed by the Northern Zhou Dynasty.

In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Longnan was relatively stable in politics and economy. In the Tang Dynasty, Wenzhou, Wuzhou, Chengzhou, diezhou, dangzhou and minzhou were established in Longnan. In the first year of Baoying (762), Tubo conquered Longnan. In the Xiantong period, the Tang Dynasty recovered Wuzhou and renamed Jiezhou. In the seventh year of Xiantong (866), it recovered Chengzhou. In 1073, General Wang Shao defeated Tubo and recovered Longnan, which was occupied by Tubo for 311 years. At the end of Song Dynasty, Longnan was the border of song and Jin, and wars were frequent. In the thirtieth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1160), the Jin Dynasty attacked the Song Dynasty on a large scale, broke Fengzhou and dashanguan, and the imperial court ordered the general Wu Yao to defend Longnan. Wu Ting, the son of Wu Li, formed an alliance with Xixia to attack gold. In the second year of Kaixi (1206), Wu Xi, the son of Wu Ting, rebelled against the Song Dynasty and established a regime supported by the Jin Dynasty with four prefectures, namely, Jie, Cheng, Wen, Xihe. After that, the soldiers of the Song Dynasty killed Wu Xi, and the four prefectures returned to the Song Dynasty. In 1236, the Mongolian army occupied Longnan. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongolian military yuan Marshal's mansion in Lidian county was set up, later renamed as the Han military and civilian Marshal's mansion in Wenzhou, Lidian County, and the Tibetan Xuanwei department was set up in Hezhou. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Longnan experienced the uprising of Li Zicheng, the rebellion of Bailian religion, the uprising of Hui people in Northwest China and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Shaanxi and Gansu were divided into two groups. Today, Longnan belongs to the general secretary of Gansu. In 1729 (the seventh year of Yongzheng reign), Huizhou was upgraded to Zhili Prefecture, with Lingwen county and Chengxian County, which governed the southern part of Wudu District, Wenxian County, Kangxian County, Chengxian County, Zhouqu County and Dangchang county. In the same year, Huizhou was demoted to Zhili Prefecture, which belonged to Qinzhou Zhili Prefecture with Lixian County and liangdangxian county. During this period, Xihe county still belonged to gongchang Prefecture. In 1730, minzhou Wei was renamed minzhou, belonging to gongchang Prefecture. Today, most of Dangchang county is under the jurisdiction of minzhou.

In 1913, Zhili Prefecture was changed into Wudu County, and Xigu county was set up. In 1929, Yongkang county was established from Wudu County, and later renamed Kangxian county. In April 1932, Xi Zhongxun and others launched a mutiny in Liangdang County, which is called "Liangdang mutiny". In 1935, the second and third front armies of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army broke through the encirclement and interception of the Kuomintang reactionaries and went straight to Hadapu, where they made the strategic decision of commanding troops in Northern Shaanxi and establishing a revolutionary base. In the same year, the national government divided Gansu Province into seven administrative supervision districts. Except Xigu County, which is the first administrative supervision district (the office is located in Min county), all the counties in Longnan today are the fourth administrative supervision district (the office is located in Tianshui). In 1942, the eighth administrative supervision district of Gansu Province was established (the office is located in Wudu County). Cheng County, Wen County, Kang County and Xigu county were changed into Wudu County.

In July 1949, the Northwest Bureau established the office of administrative inspector of Wudu District in Xi'an, which belongs to the Gansu administrative region of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region, and has jurisdiction over Wudu County, Wen County, Cheng County, Kang County, Xigu County, Li county and Xihe county. In May 1950, Min county was assigned to Wudu district. In 1954, Xigu County moved to Dangchang and changed its name to Dangchang county. In 1956, Li County, Xihe county and Cheng county were assigned to Tianshui district. In April 1958, Wudu district was abolished and counties under its jurisdiction were assigned to Tianshui district and Dingxi District. In November 1961, Wudu district was restored, with jurisdiction over Wudu County, Kang County, Cheng County, Wen County and Dangchang county. In October 1963, Minxian county was once again assigned to Wudu district. In May 1985, Wudu area was renamed Longnan area, which governs Wudu, Dangchang, Wenxian, Chengxian, Kangxian, Xihe, Lixian, Huixian and Liangdang. Minxian, which was originally under the jurisdiction of Wudu area, is under the jurisdiction of Dingxi Area. In January 2004, Longnan District was abolished and prefecture level Longnan City was established. The former Wudu County was changed into Wudu district.

administrative division

As of March 2018, Longnan City is under the jurisdiction of

Jurisdiction: 1 District in Wudu District, 8 counties including Kang County, Wen County, Cheng County, Hui County, Liangdang County, Xihe County, Li county and Dangchang county.

Township streets: 4 sub district offices, 140 towns, 55 townships (including 4 ethnic townships), 113 communities and 3167 administrative villages.

Municipal People's Government: the Municipal People's government is located in Jiangbei street, Wudu district

geographical environment

Location context

Longnan City is located in the south of Gansu Province, 104 ° 01 ′ 19 ″ e to 106 ° 35 ′ 20 ″, 32 ° 35 ′ 45 ″ n to 34 ° 32 ′ 00 ″. It borders on Qinzhou District, Maiji District, Wushan County and Gangu County of Tianshui City in the north, Sichuan Basin in the south, Guangyuan City, Qingchuan County, Pingwu County of Mianyang City and Jiuzhaigou County of Aba Prefecture, Diebu County, Zhouqu County and Dingxi County of Gannan plateau in the west, Qinba Mountain in the East, Ningqiang County, Lueyang County, Mian County and Feng county of Baoji City in Shaanxi Province. The city is 237 km long from east to west and 230.5 km wide from north to south, with a land area of 27923 square kilometers, accounting for 8.67% of Gansu Province.

Geomorphology and topography

Longnan is located in the mountainous area of Longnan developed in the West Qinling East-West fold belt, the intersection area of Qinba mountain area, Qinghai Tibet Plateau and Loess Plateau, and the transition zone from the second step to the third step topography of China. The western part transits to Gannan plateau, the northern part to Longzhong Loess Plateau, the southern part to Sichuan Basin, and the eastern part to West Qinling and Hanzhong Basin. Longnan City is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with an average altitude of 1000 meters. The West Qinling and Minshan Mountains extend into the whole territory from the East and the west respectively, forming a complex terrain of high mountains and valleys and basins.

Xili mountain in the north of Longnan City presents loess landform of low mountains and wide valleys, with an altitude of 1800 meters; Huicheng basin in the East is between the North Qinling and South Qinling, with a length of more than 100 kilometers and a width of several 10 kilometers, presenting hilly and wide valley terrain, with an altitude of about 1000 meters; in the southwest, there are high mountains and valleys, and high mountains and deep valleys, with a significant contrast, with a relative elevation difference of more than 1000 meters. From northwest to Southeast, from dalaliang, min'e

Chinese PinYin : Gan Su Sheng Long Nan Shi