Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province

Panzhihua, a prefecture level city in Sichuan Province, is located at the junction of Sichuan and Yunnan in Southwest China. It is located at the southernmost end of Sichuan, 614km away from Chengdu in the north, 273km away from Kunming in the south, Lijiang and Dali in the West. It is located in the central and Southern part of Panzhihua West Rift Valley, with eroded and denuded hills and valleys. It has long summer, indistinct four seasons, and distinct drought and rainy seasons. The total area of the city is 7414km2, with a total area of 1 It has jurisdiction over 3 districts and 2 counties. By the end of 2019, the total registered residence of Panzhihua was 1 million 83 thousand and 700 and the resident population was 1 million 214 thousand.

Panzhihua is the only city named after flowers in China, which enjoys the reputation of "flowers are a city, and cities are a flower"; Panzhihua is the first city in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, where Jinsha River and Yalong River meet; Panzhihua is the South gateway of Sichuan, and the nearest point from Sichuan to South Asia and Southeast Asia; Panzhihua is the only subtropical fruit production base in Sichuan, rich in mango, loquat, fruit, etc Lotus, pomegranate, strawberry, cherry and other characteristic fruit, fresh fruit throughout the year. In October 2017, it was named national garden city by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development. In November 2018, it was selected into the top 100 of the overall well-off index of Chinese cities.

In 2020, Panzhihua's GDP will be 104.082 billion yuan, an increase of 3.9% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 9.690 billion yuan, an increase of 5.1%; the added value of the secondary industry was 55.839 billion yuan, an increase of 4.4%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 38.553 billion yuan, an increase of 2.4%.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

Panzhihua is located on the Bank of Jinsha River, formerly known as Shangba village and Xiaba village. It was formed around the eighth year of Tongzhi reign in the Qing Dynasty (1869). Because there is an old and tall Panzhihua tree at the entrance of the village, it is called "Panzhihua village".

The name of Panzhihua village was first seen on the map, which is a summary of the general situation of Ningzhi counties (Yanbian county) published in April 1940.

On February 5, 1965, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council officially approved the establishment of Panzhihua special zone. On April 22, for the sake of confidentiality, the State Council issued the "reply on the renaming of Panzhihua special zone", agreeing to change the name of Panzhihua special zone to "Dukou city". On March 4, Chairman Mao Zedong commented on the "report on strengthening the construction of Panzhihua industrial zone" presented by Lv Dong, Minister of metallurgical industry, and Xu Chi, commander in chief of Panzhihua special zone: "this is very good." Therefore, Panzhihua City designated this day as "Panzhihua development and construction anniversary", that is, Panzhihua City Construction anniversary.

On January 23, 1987, with the approval of the State Council, Dukou city was renamed "Panzhihua City".

History of construction

Before Sui Dynasty

Archaeological discoveries have proved that Panzhihua is one of the areas where human activities were earlier than before. In addition to the relics of "Yuanmou Man" and "Butterfly Man" found in neighboring areas, the huilongdong ancient human site about 18000-12000 years ago has been found in Panzhihua.

Panzhihua is also a corridor for primitive human migration from north to South and communication between East and West. The earliest human activities in this area can be seen in the following words: the myth of emperor Zhuanxu in Shiji · Wudi Benji about Emperor Huang's second son Changyi descending to Ruoshui (the lower reaches of the Yalong River and the section of the river after its confluence with the Jinsha River), and the legend in Shangshu · ZhouShu · Mushi about people living in this area taking part in King Wu's killing of Zhou.

According to the division of Yugong, the city belonged to Liangzhou in ancient times. In the Zhou Dynasty, the land was merged into Yongzhou along with Liangzhou.

In 316 B.C., the fifth year of King Shenliang of Zhou Dynasty, after the Qin Dynasty destroyed Shu, Shiji Zhengyi said: "cancong (Shu) was broken, and its descendants lived in YaoJian (including the city area) In the thirtieth year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (285 BC), King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty sent Zhang ruozuo, the governor of Shu, and his Jiangnan area. He first set up a county and a county here, "until Hanxing.".

In 129 BC, Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, sent Sima Xiangru to appease Yi, "to Mo (Dadu River), Ruoshui and qiaosunshui (Anning River) in the west to connect Qiong and Zuo.". After the return of Xiyi, the Han Dynasty "set up a Duwei, more than ten counties, belonging to Shu (county)" (Biography of Sima Xiangru in historical records). In the Qin Dynasty and the Han Dynasty, two administrative districts were set up here, which governed the city.

In the sixth year of the reign of emperor Ding of the Han Dynasty (111 BC), Yueyi county and its subordinate 15 counties were set up in the territory from Panxi to Chuxiong of Yunnan Province.

Shu Han of the Three Kingdoms merged Dazuo into Dingzuo, and cut Gufu county and dragonfly County of Yi Prefecture into the newly established Yunnan Prefecture system. Except for Dingzuo County in the middle of Jiangbei, the city is still under the old system. Therefore, it changed from one county and seven counties to two counties and seven counties.

To the Western Jin Dynasty, three Jiangs were merged into Huiwu, and Gu Fu was merged into suijiu. In addition, Yizhou was too big, which was divided into four counties in nanzhong under its original jurisdiction. Ningzhou was established separately, and Yunnan county was transferred to ningzhou. After that, ningzhou was abolished and restored, and Yueyi county was under its jurisdiction. The city is located in Huiwu County in the east of Jiangbei, and suijiu County in the west of Jiangbei, which is under the jurisdiction of ningzhou county and ningzhou county.

In 420, Liu Yu established the Liu Song Dynasty in the south. Its territory includes Yizhou and ningzhou. The government of Yueyi County in Yizhou was transferred back to qiongdu. Pingle county and its subordinate counties were abolished, and Gufu county was divided into donggufu and xigufu counties. Today, except that Hexi Prefecture belongs to qiongdu, Daping and Western Jiangbei Prefecture belong to donggufu County, the rest of the city remains unchanged; it is under the jurisdiction of Yi and Ning prefectures, Yueyi, Yunnan and Xingning prefectures, and qiongdu, Huiwu, Dingzuo, dragonfly and donggufu counties.

At the end of the Liu Song Dynasty, in Yueyi County of Yizhou, "manliao relied on danger, and at first served and rebelled" (Taiping Huanyu Ji quoted Shidao Zhi), which was abolished in all counties; in ningzhou, nanzhong surname headed by Cuan family also "relied on yuan to be good at life" and "came from Wang Manfang" (Nanqi Shu Zhoujun Zhi and Cuan aristocratic family). During the reign of the Southern Qi Dynasty (479), only Songliao county was set up, and there was no subordinate county. Shortly after the establishment of Nanliang, the Northern Wei kingdom once sent troops to invade Yizhou and ningzhou in the 13th year of Tianjian (514), but immediately withdrew to the north. Xiao Ji of the Liang school was the governor of Yizhou. "In the 17th year of Shu, ningzhou and Yueyi were opened in the South" (Zizhitongjian · Liang Ji), and Yizhou was set up. In Hexi and Dechang of the city, Xilu county was set up. After Dabao (550-551), Liang Jian was restored to be the foundation of the Xun family.

After the Northern Wei Dynasty was divided into the eastern and Western regimes, the Western Wei Kingdom took advantage of the civil war between Nanliang and xiaojidong to fight for the emperor. In the first year of Chengsheng (552), it sent troops to invade parts of Yizhou, ningzhou and Yizhou. Although there was a saying that "the southwest Yi was moved by yunqia" (Temple stele of weichi in Zhangde), it failed to control the area occupied by the Cuan family. After the establishment of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, after two military expeditions in the fourth year of Baoding (564) and the third year of Tianhe (568), Yueyu was occupied. Dingzuo town was set up in Dingzuo territory, and Daping and the central part of Jiangbei were controlled by it. Hexi was once under the jurisdiction of Yanzhou Pingle County, Xuanhua county and kequan county. In addition, Hedong, East and west of Jiangbei, and Jiangnan were still occupied by the Cuan clan.

Sui Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty

At the beginning of Sui Dynasty, Yanzhou was still set up, and Xining and Yizhou were changed into Yueyi Prefecture. The five prefectures of Yanzhou established in the Northern Zhou Dynasty were abolished, and the other five counties were set up as counties under Yueyi Prefecture. Daping and the central part of Jiangbei are still controlled by Dingzuo Town, Hexi is kequan County, and Hedong and the eastern part of Jiangbei are new Huichuan county. The western part of Jiangbei and Jiangnan are still under the control of Cuan.

In the Tang Dynasty, he made great efforts to manage the southwest. He changed the prefecture of Yueyi into Yizhou, set up the governor's office, and then changed the prefecture into a county. Yueyi county has nine counties. Hexi county is located in Xilu County, Hedong county is located in Huichuan county. The east part of Jiangbei County is under the jurisdiction of Heji county. Daping County, the middle part of Jiangbei County and the west part of Jiangbei County were changed to Changming County after they were once under the jurisdiction of Laozhou County, songwai county and Xunsheng county. In the Tang Dynasty, based on Yueyu, ningzhou was restored to Langzhou and Rongzhou by combining political appeasement and military expedition. Yaozhou was set up in nongdongchuan, and both of them were set up as dudufu. The city is located in the south of the Yangtze River. At first, it was under the jurisdiction of dragonfly County in Xipu Prefecture. Later, it was under the jurisdiction of Shibu County in Xili (Wei) Prefecture and transferred to Yaozhou.

In the ninth year of Tang Tianbao (750), the Nanzhao local separatist regime occupied Yaozhou. From the second year of Zhide to the first year of Qianyuan (757-758), it came to Yizhou. Today, it is Miyi. At that time, it was named Nuo Li and was subordinate to Qingning County, the capital of Huichuan. Yanbian county has songwaicheng, which is the jurisdiction of Jianchuan Jiedu Xiangcheng County. The western part of Jiangbei is the territory of Jianchuan Jiedu Shanju county. Jiangnan belongs to the control area of nongdong. After that, the local separatist regimes of dachanghe, datianxing (Xingyuan) and dayining, which were ruled by Nanzhao, basically followed this kind of establishment.

In the second year of Tianfu (937), Duan Siping destroyed dayining and established Dali state. The city was located in Hexi, which was the territory of bachui and Luolan, and belonged to Jianchang Prefecture. The eastern part of Hedong and Jiangbei is the active area of jiangbu, belonging to Huichuan Prefecture. Daping and the central and western parts of Jiangbei, like Kubu, are the land of Shanju county.

In the Song Dynasty, the Mongol Khanate (the predecessor of the Yuan Dynasty) destroyed the Duan's regime in Dali and occupied the present Panxi area in the fourth year of Yuan Xianzong (the second year of Baoyou in the Southern Song Dynasty, 1254).

After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the xuanweisi and the Marshal's office were set up here, which were subordinate to xingzhongshu province of Yunnan Province. Hexi city is located in Dingchang Road (later Dechang Road), Puji Prefecture and Weilong Prefecture. Hedong belongs to Wuan Prefecture of Huichuan road. The eastern part of Jiangbei belongs to Lixi Prefecture. The central part of Jiangbei and dapingdi are under the jurisdiction of Runyan County, boxing Prefecture. In the west of Jiangbei, it is subordinate to Beisheng mansion of the military and civilian Xuanwei Department on Lijiang road. South of the Yangtze River is Dayao County, Yaozhou, Dali Road, which belongs to xuanfusi and duyuanshuai mansion.

From Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China

In the 15th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1382), Luo Luosi was dismissed and his land was transferred from Yunnan to Sichuan

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Pan Zhi Hua Shi