Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province

Jiangmen Jiangmen, also known as "Wuyi", is a prefecture level city in Guangdong Province. It is an important node city in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, and one of the central cities in the western region of the Pearl River Delta. It is located in the west of the Pearl River Delta, adjacent to the South China Sea and Hong Kong and Macao. Its geomorphological features are low in the north and high in the west, belonging to subtropical monsoon climate. It covers a total area of 9505 square kilometers, and has jurisdiction over three municipal districts and four county-level cities. By the end of 2019, it has permanent residents 4.6303 million.

Jiangmen has a long history and profound cultural heritage. It is one of the representative cities of Guangfu culture. Jiangmen is one of the important places where Guangfu people live. It is the hometown of Chen Baisha, the founder of mind learning in Ming Dynasty, Liang Qichao, the pioneer of modern reform, and Feng Ru, the father of China Aviation. It has the world cultural heritage of Kaiping watchtower and village, which is a bird paradise for Ba Jin. Jiangmen is adjacent to Zhongshan and Zhuhai in the East, Yangjiang in the west, Guangzhou, Foshan and Zhaoqing in the north. The overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan with their ancestral home in Jiangmen have a large population and are distributed on five continents in the world. They are known as "the first hometown of overseas Chinese in China" and "the capital of overseas Chinese in China". It is an important node city in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, with prominent location advantages and vast development hinterland.

Jiangmen is an important transportation hub connecting the Pearl River Delta, Hong Kong and Macao with western Guangdong. The opened Guangzhou Zhuhai intercity brings Jiangmen into the one hour economic circle of the Pearl River Delta. Jiangmen station, a comprehensive transportation hub in the west of the Pearl River Delta under construction, will become the fourth largest rail transportation hub in the province. A number of major transportation infrastructure projects, such as Jiangmen Avenue, Jiangshun bridge, Jiangmen section of Guangzhou Zhuhai intercity and Jiangmen section of Shenzhen Maoming railway, will be built Jiangmen is also the only prefecture level city in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao with large-scale continuous land development, with vast development space and obvious advantages in land carrying capacity.

In August 2019, China Customs magazine announced that China's top 100 foreign trade cities ranked 41st in 2018.

In June 2020, the Central Committee for the rule of law was selected as the first batch of national government construction demonstration areas and projects.

Historical evolution

Jiangmen, whose place name was first seen in volume 5 of shupoji in the early Ming Dynasty, was written in the preface of the farewell picture of Jiangmen by Zhu eryin of Li Zhen's generation.

Jiangmen City Scenery

During the yuan and Ming Dynasties, from the late period of the Yuan Dynasty to the early years of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (about 1360-1370), a trade fair was formed on the West Bank of Jiangmen sea, which is called Jiangmen fair.

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Longxi township of Xinhui county was under the jurisdiction of dedu.

In the Qing Dynasty, it was made in the Ming Dynasty. During the reign of Kangxi, Jiangmen market was still under the jurisdiction of the 15th map of guidedu, Longxi Township, Xinhui county.

In the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), according to the Sino British Treaty of trade on the Xijiang River, it was established as a foreign ship berthing and cargo loading and unloading station. In 1902, it was agreed that Jiangmen was a port for foreign trade and a Customs was set up. At that time, it was called Jiangmen port.

The Republic of China, the 14th year of the Republic of China (1926) on November 26, was established as a provincial city. In February of 1932, the establishment of a city under the jurisdiction of a province was abolished and it was changed into a town under the jurisdiction of the 12th district of Xinhui county. In March 1938, it was transferred to the second township of Xinhui county. In September 1946, when Jiangmen was liberated, it was the second district town of Xinhui county.

The people's Republic of China, on October 23, 1949, Jiangmen was liberated; on October 25, the military control committee of Jianghui District of the Chinese people's Liberation Army exercised military control over Jiangmen and Xinhui.

On May 1, 1950, Jiangmen Office of the military control commission of Jianghui district was established as a county-level organization to be responsible for the administrative affairs of Jiangmen.

On January 12, 1951, it was changed into a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Guangdong technical secondary school; on April 1, the people's Government of Jiangmen City was established, and the Jiangmen Office of the military control committee of Jianghui district was abolished to end military control.

In May 1952, it was under the leadership of the West Guangdong Office, and in November it was under the jurisdiction of the BOC Guangdong Office.

On April 11, 1958, Jiangmen City was changed into a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Foshan district; in December, it was under the jurisdiction of Jiangmen district.

On April 2, 1961, it was transferred to Zhaoqing district.

In June 1963, it was again under the jurisdiction of Foshan special region.

In early 1966, it was upgraded to prefecture level city.

On March 31, 1967, due to the "Cultural Revolution" and the implementation of military control, Jiangmen military control committee was established to replace the authority of the Municipal People's Committee.

On April 12, 1968, Jiangmen Revolutionary Committee was established.

In 1970, Jiangmen was reduced to a county-level city under the leadership of Foshan.

In November 1975, with the approval of the State Council, Jiangmen City was transformed into a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province and Foshan region.

On November 24, 1979, the Revolutionary Committee of Jiangmen City was abolished and the people's Government of Jiangmen City was reestablished.

On June 1, 1983, the city led county system was implemented. Jiangmen City had jurisdiction over Xinhui, Taishan, Kaiping, Enping and Heshan counties; on September 1, it had jurisdiction over Yangjiang and Yangchun counties.

In July 1984, the urban area of Jiangmen was divided into two county-level districts: the urban area and the suburb.

In January 1988, Yangjiang county and Yangchun county were separated from Jiangmen City.

From April 1992 to February 1994, Taishan County, Xinhui County, Kaiping County, Heshan county and Enping county were established as county-level cities under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province, which were entrusted by the people's Government of Guangdong Province to Jiangmen City.

On September 1, 2002, Xinhui City under the jurisdiction of Jiangmen City was divided into districts.

administrative division

By the end of 2016, Jiangmen City had three districts and four county-level cities under its jurisdiction, with a total of 61 towns, 12 streets, 1051 villages and 274 communities. Jiangmen Municipal People's government is located in No.1 West Baisha Avenue, Pengjiang district.

geographical environment

Location context

Jiangmen City is located in the south central part of Guangdong Province, in the west of the Pearl River Delta. It is adjacent to Shunde District, Zhongshan City and Doumen District of Zhuhai City in the East, Yangdong district and Yangchun City in the west, Xinxing County of Yunfu City, Gaoming District and Nanhai District in the North, Nanhai District in the South and Hong Kong and Macao in the south. It belongs to the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration and Pearl River economic circle.

The total area of the city is 9505 square kilometers. Among them, the sea area within the territorial sea baseline is 2886 square kilometers; the mainland coastline is 414.8 kilometers long, accounting for about 1 / 10 of the province; the island coastline is 400 kilometers long, accounting for about 1 / 6 of the province. The range is between 21 ° 27 ′ - 22 ° 51 ′ N and 111 ° 59 ′ - 113 ° 15 ′ E. From daaowei, Xinhui District in the east to gekengwei, Naji Town, Enping City in the west, the distance is 130.68 km; from weijiadao, Xiachuan Town, Taishan City in the south to Lishui, Gulao Town, Heshan City in the north, the distance is 142.2 km.

There are 561 large and small islands in the city, the second largest in the province, with a total area of 249.971 square kilometers. Among them, there are 6 resident islands, 555 uninhabited islands, 130 islands with an area of more than 500 square meters and 9 islands with an area of more than 1 square kilometer.

topographic features

The geomorphic characteristics of Jiangmen City are low in the north and high in the west, mainly low mountains and hills; the southwest and southeast are relatively low, mainly Valley alluvial plain and a few hills, and the ground elevation is between 5 and 40 meters. The mountainous and hilly area of the city is more than 4400 square kilometers, accounting for 46.8% of the total land area. The mountainous area above 500 meters above sea level accounts for about 1.77% of the total area. There are nine mountains above 800 meters, most of which are northeast southwest. The highest mountain in the city is Tianlu mountain in the northwest, with an altitude of 1250 meters. Pojiding and Zaomu mountain in the north, wogaijian mountain in the East and limaoding mountain and liangmaoding mountain in the south are all steep, rocky and V-shaped valleys. The main peak of Gudou Mountain on the southeast coast is 986 meters above sea level, overlooking the South China Sea. The city's River alluvial plain and delta plain cover an area of more than 4880 square kilometers, accounting for 51.90% of the total area, and now most of them are good farmland.

There are Sinian, Cambrian, Ordovician, Carboniferous, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, lower Tertiary and Quaternary strata in Jiangmen City, especially the Quaternary strata. The intrusive rocks are formed in Caledonian, Caledonian Hercynian, Indosinian and Yanshanian, especially in Yanshanian. Magmatic rocks are widely distributed in the area, and the structure is relatively developed. The structural unit belongs to "southeast low-lying area". The geological structure is dominated by the Neocathaysian structural system, and the large faults include the NE trending en Cang fault and the Jinhe fault.

Climate and environment

Jiangmen City has a subtropical monsoon climate. Northeast monsoon prevails in winter, southwest monsoon in summer, and spring and autumn are the transition seasons. Short winter and long summer, pleasant climate, abundant rainfall and sufficient light. The frost free period is more than 360 days, and there is no snow in the whole year. The regional climate is divided into three levels: warm and cool mountainous area, warm hilly area and warm tropical coastal area.

Jiangmen City is regulated by Ocean monsoon, with mild and rainy climate and distinct winter and summer. The solar radiation is strong and there are abundant thermal resources. The annual accumulated temperature of more than 10 ℃ is more than 8000 ℃, and the accumulated temperature of more than 15 ℃ is more than 6000 degrees. In the first ten days of March every year, the daily average temperature is 12 ℃. There is little interannual variation of temperature. The annual average temperature is about 22 ℃ in different places, which is slightly higher in Shangchuan island. The difference between the coldest month (January) and the hottest month (July) is 14 ℃ - 15 ℃. From the end of March to the beginning of April every year, the warm and humid air flow in the South strengthens and advances northward, and the temperature rises obviously, reaching the highest value in July. Since November, the cold and dry air in the North has continuously invaded the south, and the local temperature has dropped significantly due to the control of cold high ridge.

hydrologic condition

Rivers in Jiangmen City belong to the Pearl River system and the coastal rivers in western Guangdong, with a catchment area of more than 100 square kilometers

Chinese PinYin : Guang Dong Sheng Jiang Men Shi