Leshan City, Sichuan Province

Leshan, a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Province, is known as Jiazhou in ancient times and has the reputation of "the fragrant country of Begonia". Located in the middle of Sichuan Province, southwest of Sichuan Basin, the terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, belonging to the middle subtropical climate zone. Leshan is an important industrial city in Sichuan Province, a central city in the south of Chengdu Economic Zone, an important hub city, an important transportation node and port city of Chengdu Chongqing urban agglomeration. Chengdu Kunming railway and Chengdu Guiyang high speed railway run through the whole territory. The three rivers of Leshan converge. Dadu River and Qingyi River join Minjiang River at the foot of Leshan Buddha.

Leshan is a national famous historical and cultural city, one of the first batch of national open cities, national greening model city, China's excellent tourism city, national garden city and national health city. Leshan has three world-class Heritages - Emei Mountain and Leshan Buddha, Dongfeng weir, 15 national 4A scenic spots and 35 national A-level scenic spots.

By the end of 2018, Leshan City had jurisdiction over four districts and six counties, and managed one county-level city, with a total area of 12720.03 square kilometers. The registered residence population was 3 million 506 thousand and 800 and the resident population was 3 million 267 thousand at the end of 2018. In 2019, Leshan's GDP will reach 186.331 billion yuan.

In July 2019, it was rated as a national intellectual property pilot city. On October 20, 2020, it will be included in the list of national double support model cities (counties).

Historical evolution

Leshan used to be the capital of Kaiming tribe in ancient Shu. In the second year of King Wu of Qin Dynasty (309 BC), King Wu of Qin sent troops to the south to destroy the rule of Kaiming's original jurisdiction. The state of Qin established Nan'an County in Shizhong District of today's Leshan City. Zhiqingyi and Jianghui, the intersection of today's Qingyi River and Minjiang River, belong to Shu county. A large number of people moved from Jingshui area of Shaanxi Province to settle in the Qingyi River Basin.

In the 59th year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (256 BC), Li Bing organized the people of Leshan to dig Wuyou Lidui and open Mahao river. Since then, the water shipping of Minjiang River and Dadu River in Leshan area has gradually developed.

During the reign of Emperor Wen of the Western Han Dynasty, Deng Tong, a native of Nan'an, made coins. It is said that Deng's money was distributed all over the world. Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty established Qianwei County, which belonged to Nan'an county.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of Shu, smelted iron and made weapons and tools in Tieshan of Qianwei. The scale and technology of smelting in Leshan had reached the advanced level.

In the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties and the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, yeguan county was set up in Nan'an, focusing on the management of the rapidly developing iron smelting industry. During this period, more than 100000 Liao people who originally lived in Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan entered Sichuan, and a large number of Liao people lived in Leshan, Qianwei, Tieshan and Sanjiang River basins. Living life has lasted for more than 200 years.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, the organizational system of Leshan area changed frequently due to the continuous wars. In the third year of Jianwu (496), Leshan was under the jurisdiction of Meishan, and qitongzuo county (Meishan) was built in the south of Wuyang County, which belongs to Yizhou. Its jurisdiction includes today's Dongpo District, Qingshen, Danling, Hongya, and Leshan Shizhong District, Jiajiang, and Emeishan. The county is located in longan village, Taihe Town, ten kilometers north of today's Dongpo District.

Jiazhou was established in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. In the first year of Baoding in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (561), pingqiang county was established and pingqiang county was established in the old city of Nan'an county. In the second year of xuanzheng (579), Jiazhou was established in pingqiang County, and the old county of Hanjia, which is close to the Han Dynasty, means "Jiamei county".

In the third year of kaihuang (583), pingqiang county was abolished; in the fourth year, pingqiang county was changed into Emei County, and pingqiang county was set up in the northeast of the county; in the ninth year, it was changed into Qingyi County, and Emei county was set up under Mount Emei in the name of qingyishui; in the eleventh year, Yujin county was added; in the thirteenth year, Qingyi county was changed into Longyou County Among them, Youlong navigation helped the Sui army unify the world, so Nanan was changed to Longyou County; in the 13th year, Jiajiang County was added. In the second year of Daye, Jiazhou was merged into Meizhou (606), and in the third year, it was changed into Meishan County to govern Longyou County. At this time, Leshan was able to build Huanglong ships and became an important shipbuilding base along the Sichuan river.

In 618, Meishan County was changed to Jiazhou, belonging to jiannandao county. In the second year, four counties in Tongyi county were restored to Meizhou. Luomu county was established in the second year of Linde (665); Qianwei County in Rongzhou was subordinate to Jiazhou in the first year of Shangyuan (674); Jiazhou was changed into Qianwei County in the first year of Tianbao (742); Jiazhou was restored in the first year of Qianyuan (758). After Yifeng, Jiazhou had jurisdiction over Longyou, pingqiang, Jiajiang, Emei, Luomu, Qianwei and Yujin counties. In the Tang Dynasty, tea industry was very developed. CEN Shen wrote a poem describing "half a kind of tea in the field" outside Jiazhou city. In the middle of Tang Dynasty, the world-famous Leshan Giant Buddha was excavated.

In 1196, Jiazhou was promoted to Jiading Prefecture, belonging to Chengdu Fu Road. Later, Luomu, pingqiang and Yujin counties were abandoned. Five counties and one supervisor: Longyou County, Hongya County, Jiajiang County, Emei County, Qianwei County, Fengyuan county.

In 1276, jiadingfu was promoted to jiadingfu Road, governing Longyou, leading one division, four counties and two prefectures, recording division, Longyou, Jiajiang, Emei, Qianwei, Qiongzhou and Meizhou. In Muchuan and other places, Mahu road was set up. Today, Muchuan, Mabian and other places are subordinate to Mahu road.

In the ninth year of Hongwu of Ming Dynasty (1376), Jiading Fu Road was descended to Jiading Fu in April, Jiading Prefecture was descended to Jiading Prefecture in September, Meizhou was descended to county, Qiongzhou was still Jiading Prefecture, Rongzhou was descended to Rong County, Jiading Prefecture was descended to Jiading Prefecture. In November of 1380, Meizhou was designated as a state. In the 19th year of Chenghua (1483), Qiong county was upgraded to a state and designated as a state. Lingliu County, Leshan County, Emei County, Hongya County, Jiajiang County, Qianwei county and Rong County. In the Ming Dynasty, in today's Muchuan, Mabian and other places, there was an official division of Muchuan, which was subordinate to Mahu Prefecture.

In 1734, Jiading Prefecture was promoted to Jiading Prefecture, and Leshan county was set up in the prefecture. The name of Leshan county was changed from Longyou County to Leshan county. The name of Leshan is still used today. Lingqi county and one hall: Leshan County, Emei County, Hongya County, Jiajiang County, Qianwei County, Rong County, Weiyuan County, Ebian County. In the Qing Dynasty, the Chief Secretary of Muchuan set up Mabian hall, and later abolished Muchuan into Pingshan County; and the Chief Secretary of Emei set up Ebian hall.

In 1935, the fifth Office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision was set up in Leshan county. In 1943, Muchuan county was established in Pingshan County.

After the founding of new China, Leshan Commissioner's office was set up.

In 1950, Leshan district was set up, belonging to southern Sichuan administrative region. Leshan special office is located in Leshan county. It has jurisdiction over 9 counties including Leshan, Qianwei, Muchuan, Pingshan, Leibo, Mabian, Ebian, Emei and Jingyan.

In 1951, Wutongqiao city was established in Qianwei County under the leadership of Leshan special office. Leshan District governs one city and nine counties.

In 1952, the southern Sichuan administrative office was abolished and Leshan district was under the leadership of Sichuan Province.

In 1953, Meishan district was withdrawn, and six counties, Meishan, Pengshan, Qingshen, Jiajiang, Hongya and Danling, under the former Meishan District, were included in Leshan district. It has jurisdiction over 1 city and 15 counties.

In 1955, Leibo, Mabian and Ebian counties were assigned to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, while Ebian and Mabian counties were entrusted to Leshan special administration. Leshan District governs 1 city and 12 counties.

In 1957, Pingshan County was assigned to Yibin district. Leshan District governs 1 city and 11 counties.

In 1958, Renshou County, which originally belonged to Neijiang District, was included in Leshan district. It has jurisdiction over 1 city and 12 counties.

In 1959, Qingshen and Pengshan were abolished and merged into Meishan County, and Danling into Hongya County.

In 1962, Pengshan, Qingshen and Danling counties were restored. Leshan District governs one city and 12 counties.

In 1964, Wutongqiao city was changed into Wutongqiao District, Zhili in Leshan district.

In 1968, Leshan district was changed to Leshan district.

In 1978, Leshan county and WUTONGQIAO district were merged and changed into Leshan City (county level), which still belongs to Leshan area. Leshan Prefecture governs Leshan City (county level) and 11 counties including Jiajiang, Hongya, Danling, Qingshen, Meishan, Pengshan, Jingyan, Renshou, Qianwei, Muchuan and Emei.

In 1979, Jinkouhe industrial and agricultural district (county level) was set up by Jinkouhe District, which originally belonged to Ebian County. Leshan Prefecture governs 1 city, 11 counties and 1 Industrial and agricultural district.

In 1984, Mabian and Ebian counties were abolished and Mabian Yi Autonomous County and Ebian Yi Autonomous County were established. Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture was put under the jurisdiction of Leshan Prefecture.

In 1985, Leshan District, Leshan City and Jinkouhe industrial and agricultural district were abolished, and prefecture level Leshan City, Shizhong District, Wutongqiao District, Shawan District and Jinkouhe district were established.

In 1988, Emei county was withdrawn and Emeishan City (county level) was established, which was managed by Leshan.

In 1997, Meishan, Pengshan, Renshou, Qingshen, Danling and Hongya counties were designated as prefecture level Meishan City. Leshan governs four districts, one city, four counties and two Yi Autonomous Counties.

administrative division

By the end of 2019, Leshan has jurisdiction over four districts (Shizhong District, Wutongqiao, Shawan and Jinkouhe), one county-level city (Emeishan City), four counties (Qianwei, Jingyan, Jiajiang and Muchuan) and two Yi Autonomous Counties (Ebian and Mabian). Leshan Municipal People's government is located at 98 Binhe Road, Shizhong District.

geographical environment

Location context

Leshan City is located in the middle of Sichuan Province and the southwest of Sichuan Basin. Its geographical coordinates are 102 ° 50 ′ - 104 ° 30 ′ E and 28 ° 25 ′ - 30 ° 20 ′ n. It is 214.4 km long from north to South and 164.0 km wide from east to west. It borders Meishan in the north, Zigong and Yibin in the East, Liangshan in the South and Ya'an in the West. The total land area of the city is 12720.03 square kilometers, accounting for 2.64% of the total area of the province.

topographic features

Leshan City is located in the transition zone from Sichuan basin to southwest mountainous area. The overall trend is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. The highest point is the main peak of Ma'anshan in Ebian Yi Autonomous County, with an altitude of 4288 meters. The lowest point is the Minjiang River exit of machangba, Xinmin Town, Qianwei County, with an altitude of 30 meters

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Le Shan Shi