Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province

Chaozhou is a prefecture level city in Guangdong Province, one of the four cities in Chaoshan, one of the cities in Shantou Chaojie metropolitan area, and a gateway city in eastern Guangdong Province approved by Guangdong provincial government. It is located in the east of Guangdong Province, China, with Meizhou in the north, Nanhai in the south, Zhangzhou in the East, Jieyang and Shantou in the West. It has jurisdiction over two districts and one county (in 2019), with a total area of 3146 square kilometers.

Chaozhou is China's excellent tourism city, open tourism city, national historical and cultural city, China's porcelain capital, China's Lingtou Dancong Tea Town, national key pollution-free agricultural products (tea) production demonstration base, China's famous food city, National Garden City, Chaozhou cuisine Town, China's stainless steel products Town, China's national folk art Town, old revolutionary base area, Soviet Area, overseas Chinese It is the hometown of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots.

Chaozhou is a cultural ancient city with a history of more than 1600 years. Chaoshan culture is an important part of Lingnan culture and an important branch of Chinese culture. Chaozhou is one of the birthplaces and settlements of Chaoshan people, as well as the birthplace and prosperity of Chaoshan culture. Chaozhou culture is represented by Chaozhou language, Chaozhou Opera, Yingge dance, yinglaoye, Sanshan king, Chaozhou music, Chaoshan ancestral hall, Chaoshan folk houses, Chaozhou Gongfu tea, Chaozhou cuisine, Chaoshan crafts, Chaozhou embroidery, Chaoshan Shantang, etc. It has 15 national intangible cultural heritages, 9 national key cultural relics protection units, Guangji Bridge, Hanwen temple, Paifang street and a number of national famous scenic spots and characteristic tourism and leisure blocks.

Chaozhou was the birthplace of Taiwan in Sui Dynasty. Since Tang Dynasty, it has been an important gateway of the maritime Silk Road and a channel to Taiwan. Celebrities born in the territory include Rao Zongyi, the leader of Chinese studies, Li Jiacheng, the world's richest Chinese, Lu Ruihua, the former governor of Guangdong Province, Zheng Linkai, the global brain king, and Wu Yaohan, a Hong Kong Comedian.

Historical evolution

Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province, is composed of Chaoan County and Raoping County. Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang in Chaoshan area of Guangdong Province belong to the same prefecture level administrative region since ancient times. They were called Chaozhou Prefecture in ancient times and Shantou City in modern times

Chaozhou has a long history of human culture. According to the unearthed cultural relics, Chaozhou has a history of more than 10000 years of human life, 8000 years of prehistoric culture and human civilization, and 5000 or 6000 years of civilization.

In the Paleolithic age, Chaozhou had been inhabited and multiplied; in the Neolithic age, the civilization of Chaozhou was synchronized with that of the Central Plains.

The Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties belonged to Baiyue, the Xia and Shang Dynasties belonged to Haiyang state (nan'ou state), and the Shang Dynasty belonged to Nanyue.

From the Qin Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms, it belonged to Jieyang County, Nanhai county. Jieyang county was set up in the 33rd year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (214 BC), which was subordinate to Nanhai county. Since then, Chaoshan area has a formal administrative system. From the Qin Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period, Jieyang County in Nanhai County included Shantou City, Chaozhou City, Jieyang City, Shanwei City, Meizhou city and southern Zhangzhou city.

From Jin Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Yi'an Prefecture and Chaozhou Prefecture of Guangzhou. In the first year of Taikang (280), Haiyang county was established in most of Jieyang County in the Han Dynasty. Haiyang County covers Chaozhou, Shantou, Jieyang and Meizhou. In 331, Jieyang county was divided into Haiyang, Chaoyang, Haining and sui'an counties, which were merged into Dongguan county. In 413, Yian county was set up in Dongguan County, and Yian county was set up in Jieyang County of Qin and Han Dynasties.

In 483, the first year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty, Chengxiang county was established in Haiyang County of Yian county (the beginning of the establishment of Meixian County). The jurisdiction of Chengxiang county includes Meijiang district, Meixian District, Jiaoling County, Pingyuan county and Fengshun County. The jurisdiction of Haiyang County, Chaoyang County, Haining County, Yizhao County, sui'an county and Chengxiang County of Yian County in the Southern Qi Dynasty.

In 591, Chaozhou was established in the former Yi'an County, and its government was stationed in Haiyang county. Chaozhou had jurisdiction over six counties, namely Haiyang, sui'an, Haining, Chaoyang, Yizhao and Chengxiang.

In the Tang Dynasty, Chaozhou governed Haiyang, Chaoyang and Chengxiang counties. Today, the territory of Chaozhou is Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang, Shanwei and most of Meizhou. Chaozhou is still Chaozhou.

Chaozhou was still called Chaozhou in the Song Dynasty. In 1121, Haiyang County of Chaozhou was restored to Jieyang county. In the Song Dynasty, Chaozhou governed four counties, namely Haiyang, Chaoyang, Jieyang and Chengxiang. Haiyang, Chaoyang and Jieyang were collectively called "three Yangs of Chaozhou".

In 1279, Chaozhou was changed to Chaozhou Road, with jurisdiction over four counties of Haiyang, Chaoyang, Jieyang and Chengxiang, as well as "Chaozhou Sanyang".

In 1369, Chaozhou road was changed into Chaozhou government, which governed Haiyang, Chaoyang, Jieyang and Chengxiang counties, and still governed "Chaozhou Sanyang". In the Ming Dynasty, Chaozhou's prefectures and counties were expanded. Raoping County, Huilai County, Chenghai County, Puning county and Dapu county were set up by "Chaozhou Sanyang". Pingyuan county and Zhenping county were set up by Chengxiang county. In 1633, Chaozhou's prefectures governed 11 counties. In 1524, Huilai, youtou and Dani, the three capitals of Chaoyang County, half of Longjing, and Longxi, the capital of Haifeng County, were set up as Huilai County and subordinate to Chaozhou Prefecture. In 1563, the capital of Yangwu, Shuicheng and Huangkeng in the west of Chaoyang County was analyzed, and Puning county was set up under Chaozhou Prefecture. In 1477, Raoping County was set up in eight cities of Haiyang County, which was subordinate to Chaozhou Prefecture.

In 1733, Jiaying Prefecture was set up in Chengxiang, Pingyuan and Zhenping counties, and Chaozhou Prefecture had jurisdiction over eight counties. In 1738, the three counties of Haiyang, Jieyang and Dapu were merged into Fengshun County. The nine counties of Chaozhou prefecture were separated from the three counties of Chaozhou in the song and Yuan Dynasties. They are all known as "Yang". In addition, Raoping is also known as Raoyang, Chenghai as Lianyang, Puning as Hongyang, Huilai as Kuiyang, and Dapu as chayang Fengshun, also known as Xinyang, is collectively known as the nine counties of Chaozhou. The nine counties of Chaozhou are now Shantou City, Chaozhou City, Jieyang City, Fengshun County and Dapu county. In 1858, Shantou was set up as a trading port.

In 1912, Haiyang county was renamed Chaoan County. The first year of the Republic of China was 1914, which was the Chaozhou City of Guangdong Province. The rule of Daoism was in Shantou. It was once stationed in Chaozhou City. It has jurisdiction over seven cities, namely Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang, Shanwei, Meizhou, Huizhou and Heyuan. Shantou was established in 1930. In 1936, it was the Fifth District of Guangdong Province, and was stationed in Chaoan County. Later, it moved to Shantou. The Fifth District has jurisdiction over today's Shantou City, Chaozhou City, Jieyang City and Fengshun County.

From the founding of the people's Republic of China to 1991, it was subordinate to Chaoshan District of Guangdong Province, eastern Guangdong administrative region, Shantou region and Shantou City. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Chaoshan District of Guangdong Province was set up, and Chaoan County was under the jurisdiction of Shantou City, Chaozhou City and Jieyang City.

In 1952, it was established as the eastern Guangdong administrative region of Guangdong Province. It is located in Chaoan County and has jurisdiction over 21 counties. It has jurisdiction over today's Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang, Shanwei, Meizhou, Huizhou and Heyuan.

In January 1953, the Chengguan town of Chaoan County and the Chengguan town of Chaoan city were demolished, and Chaoan city was established. In that year, it was renamed Chaozhou City. The counties and cities stood side by side, under the leadership of the eastern Guangdong administrative office.

In 1956, it established Shantou regional Commissioner's office, which is located in Shantou City. Shantou district has jurisdiction over 18 counties of Chaoan, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping, Huilai, Dapu, Puning, Chenghai, Fengshun, Nan'ao, Haifeng, Lufeng, Meixian, Xingning, Wuhua, Jiaoling, Pingyuan, Zhenping and Shantou City. Shantou district has jurisdiction over 5 cities of today's Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang, Shanwei and Meizhou.

At the end of 1958, Chaozhou City was abolished and incorporated into Chaoan County.

Meixian district was established in July 1965. The original Xingmei 7 county was separated from Shantou district and belonged to Meixian district. Later, it was changed to Meizhou city.

In 1968, Shantou regional Revolutionary Committee was established, and it is located in Shantou City. Shantou region governs 11 counties of Chaoan, Chaoyang, Jieyang, JieXi, Chenghai, Puning, Raoping, Huilai, Nan'ao, Lufeng and Haifeng, and Shantou City. Shantou region governs 4 cities of today's Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang and Shanwei.

On August 1, 1979, Chaoan County restored the organizational system of Chaozhou City, under the jurisdiction of Shantou.

In January 1980, Chaozhou City was rebuilt in the area of Chaozhou Town and five brigades including Xiajin, liumu, woshi, huangjintang and Sheguang. The counties and cities were once again separated and under the jurisdiction of Shantou.

In 1981, with the approval of the State Council, the special economic zone was set up in Longhu District of Shantou City on a trial basis, covering an area of 1.6 square kilometers.

In July 1983, Chaoan County was incorporated into Chaozhou City, under the jurisdiction of Shantou City. In September 1983, Shantou City was separated into Shanwei City. In July 1983, Shantou City was merged into a provincial municipality directly under the central government. It has jurisdiction over 10 counties and 1 city including Jieyang, Raoping, Chenghai District, Nan'ao, Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai, JieXi, Haifeng, Lufeng, county-level Chaozhou City and 5 districts including Anping. Shantou City governs four cities: Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang and Shanwei. In September 1983, hailufeng was transferred to Huiyang area (in 1988, hailufeng was established as Shanwei City). Shantou City now has three cities, namely Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang.

In April 1991, Shantou Special Economic Zone expanded to the whole urban area of Shantou, covering an area of 234 square kilometers. In December 1991, Shantou was divided into today's Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang. Raoping County was under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou City, Jiexi County, Puning county and Huilai County were under the jurisdiction of Jieyang City, and Nan'ao County, Chenghai County, Chaoyang County and special economic zone were under the jurisdiction of Shantou City. Chaozhou City has been upgraded and expanded into a new Xiangqiao district and a newly restored Chaoan County.

On June 28, 2013, with the approval of the State Council, the three towns in Chao'an county (changed to Chao'an District in July 2013) were put under the jurisdiction of Xiangqiao District, Chaozhou City.

(updated according to local government website)

"Chaozhou" got its name from the establishment of Chaozhou Prefecture, which was named "in Chaozhou"

Chinese PinYin : Guang Dong Sheng Chao Zhou Shi