Ya'an City, Sichuan Province

Ya'an Ya'an, a prefecture level city in Sichuan Province, is located in the western edge of Sichuan Basin and the eastern foot of Qionglai, 120 km away from Chengdu in the East, Ganzi in the west, Liangshan in the South and ABA in the north. It is a mountainous area in the western edge of Sichuan Basin, spanning Sichuan Basin and Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Its climate type is subtropical monsoon humid climate. The city covers a total area of 15046 square kilometers, with jurisdiction over 2 districts and 6 counties At the end of the year, there were 1.541 million permanent residents, and the urbanization rate of permanent residents was 48.37%, 1.52 percentage points higher than that of the previous year.

Ya'an City is located at the intersection of Sichuan Tibet highway and Sichuan Yunnan highway, 120 km away from Chengdu. It is the transitional zone between Sichuan Basin and Qinghai Tibet Plateau, between Han culture and ethnic culture, and between modern central city and primitive natural ecological area. It is the gateway and the only way of the ancient Southern Silk Road. It was once the capital of Xikang province. It is a famous historical and cultural city and a new tourist city in Sichuan Province. It is known as the "Rain City", the "throat of Western Sichuan", "gateway to Tibet" and "national corridor".

In 2020, the GDP of Ya'an City will reach 75.459 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 4.4%.

Historical evolution

Ya'an has a long history. It was under the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Dynasty in the pre Qin period. The history of human activities can be traced back to the Paleolithic age. Fulin culture is an important cultural site of the late Paleolithic period in southern China.

During the Warring States period, in the ninth year of gengyuan, King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty (316 BC), Qin destroyed Shu and established Shu Prefecture. Open Tsing Yi Road in the district and post it. After that, Qiang people moved to Ya'an along the Qingyi River, which is the hometown of Qingyi Qiang state.

In the 25th year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (222 BC), Qin destroyed Chu and moved the family of King Yan to live here, so it was called Yan Dao (governing the place Yingjing). It belongs to Shu County, which is the earliest establishment of Ya'an.

In the sixth year of Yuanding, Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty (111 BC), Shenli county (now Hanyuan County), Yandao county (now Yingjing and Ya'an when Wang Mang was renamed Yanzhi), Qingyi county (now Lushan County), Yi county (now Tianquan Shiyang town) and Maoniu county (now Hanyuan Jiuxiang town) were established.

In the fourth year of Emperor Wudi's reign in the Han Dynasty (97 BC), Shenli county was abolished and merged into Shu County, and Duwei Prefecture in the West was set up. First, he ruled Maoniu, which was in charge of the outer Qiang (now Hanyuan area); second, he ruled Qingyi, which was in charge of the Han people (now Ya'an and Lushan Area).

In the first year of emperor an's reign in the Eastern Han Dynasty (123), the Duwei in the west of Shu county was changed into a subordinate state of Shu County, and the county remained unchanged. In the reign of emperor Lingdi (168), Hanjia county (now Lushan) was established, and it was under the jurisdiction of four counties, including most of today's Ganzi Prefecture and part of Liangshan Prefecture.

In the early Jin Dynasty, Jiajun county was still in Han Dynasty, and Shenli county was set up in Chenghan Dynasty. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Jiajun county was abolished and the county was relocated to overseas Chinese. During the northern and Southern Dynasties, the political power was abandoned, and after the third year of Yonghe (347) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there were endless wars and numerous changes. Most of the counties built in this area migrated and were attached to other counties. From 348 to 552, the first year of the abolition of the emperor in the Western Wei Dynasty, the regional regime was abandoned for more than 200 years.

In 553, the second year of the abolition of the emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty, after the Ping Shu period, he began to immigrate and cultivate. He set up Mengshan county (now Ya'an Duoying), which was under the jurisdiction of Shiyang county (now Ya'an Duoying) and Mengshan county (now Mengyang town). In 568, Mengshan county was divided into Lizhou and Shenli counties.

Sui Renshou four years (604), abandoned County home Yazhou. Yangdi Daye three years (607) abandoned Yazhou set Linqiong County, owned Lushan, Mingshan, Shiyang (state) and other counties.

In 618, the first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, the two-level system of prefecture and county was carried out. The Prefecture was restored to ya Prefecture and four counties (Lushan, Mingshan, Yandao and Baizhang) were led. In the third year of Wude (620), Yingjing County was added. Xuanzong Kaiyuan three years (758), the restoration of Yazhou, led five counties, namely Yandao (now Yaan Yucheng Duoying township), Lushan, Mingshan, Baizhang (now Mingshan Baizhang town), Yingjing. In order to consolidate its rule and expand to the outside world, the Tang Dynasty also set up the governor's office of Lizhou (Hongyuan county), which governed Hanyuan (now Qingxi township of Hanyuan County), Feiyue, Linxi (now Maohe township of famous mountain) and other counties. At the same time, a number of military towns were set up, such as Lingguan town (Bing Town, now Lingguan Township in Baoxing), Shiyang town (Bing Town, now Shiyang town in Tianquan County) and Chuan town (Bing Town, now Tianquan County) to strengthen the military deployment in this area.

In the Five Dynasties (934), Yongping army's Jiedushi and Diaomen pacification Department (West of Tianquan city) were set up in Yazhou.

During the reign of emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty (1008-1016), Yazhou government moved from yaandoyingping to the foot of cangping mountain.

In the eighth year of yuanxianzong (1258), Yazhou was under the jurisdiction of Jiading Prefecture, and Tianquan recruitment department (Tianquan County and Shiyang town) was added, which was under the jurisdiction of xuanweishi Department of Tubo headquarters in Shaanxi Province.

In the Ming Dynasty, the local government implemented a three-level system of government, prefecture and county. Yazhou governs Lushan, Mingshan and Yingjing. The state government is in the present Yucheng District.

It was still Yazhou in the early Qing Dynasty. Yongzheng seven years (1729), Shengzhou for the government, Ya'an is on the South Sichuan Road, jurisdiction Mingshan, Yingjing, Lushan, Tianquan, Qingxi, Ya'an six counties. Yazhou capital is the most extensive period in Ya'an history. During this period, the Qing government officially took over the seal titles of tianquangao and Yang Tusi, implemented the reform of Tusi, and ended the rule of Tusi for more than 760 years.

In the early years of the Republic of China (1913), Yaan, Lushan, Mingshan, Tianquan, Yingjing and Hanyuan were all under the jurisdiction of Jianchang Dao.

In 1928, Taoism was abolished.

In 1935, the 17th administrative supervision district of Sichuan Province was set up. Ya'an county was under the jurisdiction of Ya'an, Tianquan, Lushan, Yingjing, Hanyuan and Muping County (now Baoxing county).

In 1939, Xikang province was established, and the 17th administrative supervision district of Sichuan Province was changed into the 2nd administrative supervision district of Xikang province until liberation.

In 1950, Ya'an was liberated and a special district was set up. Ya'an was the capital of Xikang province.

In 1951, it was renamed Ya'an special office, and Shimian County was built in Hanyuan, Yuexi and Mianning.

In 1955, Xikang province was abolished, Ya'an district was merged into Sichuan Province, and Mingshan County and Luding County were divided into districts.

In 1956, Luding County was put under the jurisdiction of Ganzi Prefecture.

In 1981, it was renamed Ya'an area, which has jurisdiction over Yucheng, Mingshan, Yingjing, Hanyuan, Shimian, Tianquan, Lushan and Baoxing, with a total of 42 towns and 106 townships (including 18 ethnic townships).

In December 2000, Ya'an district was abolished and Ya'an City (prefecture level city) was established.

On November 6, 2012, Mingshan County was abolished and Mingshan District of Ya'an City was established. The former administrative region of Mingshan County was named as the administrative region of mountainous area.

administrative division

Ya'an City has 8 county-level administrative divisions (2 municipal districts, 6 counties) and 96 township level administrative divisions (10 streets, 57 towns, 29 townships). It covers an area of 15303 square kilometers and has a population of 1.56 million. Ya'an Municipal People's government is located at No. 6, Hanbei Road, Yucheng District.

geographical environment

Location context

Ya'an City is located in the western edge of Sichuan Basin. It spans between 28 ° 51'10 "～ 30 ° 56'40" n and 101 ° 56'26 "～ 103 ° 23'28" E. It is adjacent to Chengdu in the northeast, Meishan in the East, Leshan in the southeast, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the south, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the West and Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in the north. The city has a long strip-shaped outline, with a maximum vertical distance of 220 km from north to South and a maximum horizontal distance of 70 km from east to west. The city covers an area of 15046 square kilometers.

topographic features

Ya'an City is located in the mountainous area on the western edge of Sichuan Basin, crossing the Sichuan Basin and the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. It is the transition zone from the basin to the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The terrain is higher in the north, West and south, and lower in the middle and East. The highest point is shenxianliangzi at the junction of Shimian, Kangding and Jiulong counties on the southwest edge. The main peak is 5793 meters above sea level, and the lowest point is at the exit of Caoba Qingyi River, with an altitude of 515.97 meters. The city is crisscross with mountains, rugged surface, complex and diverse landforms, with more mountains and less hills and flat dams. Hilly flat dams are mostly distributed on both sides of the river valley, accounting for only 6% of the urban area. Low mountains (500-1000m) are located in the central Yucheng District and Mingshan County, accounting for 4% of the urban area. Zhongshan (1500-3500 m) is the most widely distributed area, accounting for more than 60% of the total land. High mountains (3500-5000 m) account for 6% of the total area of the city. They are mainly distributed in the northwest of Baoxing County, Tianquan County, the southwest of Shimian County and the north end of Lushan County, with a relative height difference of 1000-2000 M. The main mountains in the territory belong to Qionglai mountain range and Daxue mountain range, and the southeast edge is mainly the north section of Xiaoxiangling in north-south direction. Daxiangling is not only the main watershed of Dadu River and Qingyi River, but also the important boundary of physical geography of the city.

climate

The climate type of Ya'an City is subtropical monsoon humid climate, most of which is in low latitude zone. Although the landforms are mainly mountainous, most of them are below 1500 meters above sea level, and most of them are within 1000 meters above sea level, so there is little difference in vertical variation. Where the average temperature is below 0 ℃ in January, there are only some mountains above 2000 meters above sea level. The average annual temperature is more than 14 ℃. The average annual temperature is 13 ℃ in Zhougong mountain, 1744 meters above sea level. In terms of precipitation, although it is located inland, it is located in the west corner of Sichuan Basin. When the northeast and North-South mountains form a trumpet windward side, it is backed by the cold high pressure of Qinghai Tibet Plateau and faces the southeast monsoon warm and humid air flow. Therefore, there are more topographic rain and frontal rain in summer. In the winter half year, it belongs to the north boundary of Kunming zhunjing front. When the dry warm westerly wind along the north of Hengduan Mountain is blocked and weakened in Daxiangling and Erlang mountain, it meets with the southward winter monsoon and forms a strong wind in Yingjing, Ya'an and Tianquan

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Ya An Shi