Bozhou City, Anhui Province

Bozhou Bozhou, abbreviated as Bo, was called "Qiao city" in ancient times. It is a prefecture level city in Anhui Province. Bozhou is a famous historical and cultural city in China, where people have been active since the Neolithic age. It is one of the birthplaces of ancient Chinese culture. In the Yan and Huang dynasties, Emperor Ho (great grandson of the Yellow Emperor) was the emperor of Zhuan Xu, who lived in Bo. Shang Dynasty was founded in 190 when Shang Chengtang destroyed Xia Dynasty. Since the establishment of Qiaoxian County in Qin Dynasty, it has experienced the change of dynasties. Most of them were established as prefectures, counties or counties. During this period, Qiaojun was granted the "auxiliary capital" in 221. In 1355, Liu Futong took Han lin'er as emperor in Bozhou and established the "song" regime. Bozhou became the ancient capital of the "Three Dynasties".

Bozhou governs Woyang, Mengcheng, Lixin and Qiaocheng. Qiaocheng district is the seat of municipal Party committee and government. The planning area of the central urban area has expanded to 218 square kilometers, and the average annual growth rate of urbanization rate ranks first in Anhui Province. By 2020, the built-up area of Bozhou central city will be expanded to 117.4 square kilometers.

Bozhou has ten major industries, including modern Chinese medicine, Baijiu, food manufacturing and agricultural products processing, automobile and parts, cultural tourism, coal chemical industry and new energy, electronic information, modern service industry, strategic emerging industries, labor intensive equipment manufacturing, etc.

Bozhou is the bridgehead connecting the Yangtze River Delta world-class urban agglomeration in Central China. It is an excellent tourist city in China. Half of the member cities of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, the world capital of traditional Chinese medicine and the top 100 pharmaceutical enterprises are located in Bozhou. It is the world's largest distribution center and price formation center of traditional Chinese medicine. Northern Anhui is a tourism center city and a provincial intersection center city. Central Plains urban agglomeration core development area.

In August 2020, Bozhou was awarded the title of "national model city of double support" by the office of national leading group of double support work.

Historical evolution

In summer, the northwest of Bozhou was the Youyu family, and the southeast was the Tushan family.

Shang Dynasty was founded in 190 when Shang Chengtang destroyed Xia Dynasty.

In Shang Dynasty, Ji Fangguo was built in Bozhou.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the state of Jiao, surnamed Jiang, was established after King Wu of Zhou granted the title of Shennong. In the early spring and Autumn period, the state of Jiao was destroyed by the state of Chen. In the 23rd year of Duke Lu's reign (637 BC), the state of Chu attacked the state of Chen and seized Jiaocheng and Yiyi (now Chengfu town).

In Qin Dynasty, Qiaoxian county and Chengfu county were established, belonging to Sishui county. Qiao County was subordinate to Dang county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to Peijun. In the 18th year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (42nd year), he was in charge of Yushou Department of history in Qiao County. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the prefecture became a first-class administrative region, in which Qiao County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province) was the governor of Yushou. It is located in the south of Henan, the east of Funiu Mountain to the north of Huaihe River, the north of Anhui, the northwest corner of Jiangsu and the southwest corner of Shandong. Under the jurisdiction of Yingchuan County, Runan County 2 counties, Liang, Pei, Chen, Lu four countries, 97 counties. In the 24th year of Jian'an, in the first month of 219 ad, it was divided into the state of Pei and the county of Qiao. Note: the administrative names of the Eastern Han Dynasty, such as Youzhou is Jixian (now Beijing), Yuzhou is Qiaoxian (now Bozhou), etc., do not refer to the county. Yingchuan County, Runan County, Liang state, Pei state, Chen state, Lu state, these are just boundary names, not real power. Similar to today's North China, South China, although Beijing belongs to North China, Beijing governs North China. In the same way, although Qiao County is the boundary of peiguo, Qiao County governs peiguo. The representative of Qiao County is Yuzhou. The governor's Department of Yuzhou is equivalent to the current central government, which has direct jurisdiction over two counties, four countries and 97 counties.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, in 221, Qiaojun was granted the title of "companion capital", which was called "five capitals" together with Xuchang, Chang'an, Luoyang and ye. Qiao County governs Xiang County, Xiao County, Gan County, FeiTing County, Ku County, Song County, Chengfu County, shansang County, Zi County, Zhuyi County, Fuli County, Qi County, she County, Longkang county and Hong county. In the Western Jin Dynasty, the state of Qiao was set up here, and then it was called Qiao County to govern Qiao County. In 507, the fourth year of the Zhengshi reign of the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was the governing body of Southern Yanzhou. In 577, the Northern Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Northern Qi Dynasty, and the southern Yanzhou belonged to the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Since Qiaocheng was an important military and political Town, the Northern Zhou Dynasty set up a general office in Qiaoxian county to govern several states. In the first year of Xiangxiang (579) of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Emperor Zhou Jing renamed Southern Yanzhou Bozhou.

In the third year of Daye of Sui Dynasty (607), Bozhou was changed into Qiaojun.

In 621, Qiaojun changed its name to Bozhou, with eight counties under its jurisdiction: Qiaoxian county (now Qiaocheng District), shansang county (now Mengcheng County), Chengfu county (now Chengfu town of Qiaocheng District), Linhuan county (now Linhuan town of Suixi, Anhui Province), Mianxian county (now Yongcheng town of Henan Province), Luyi County (now southwest of Luyi County of Henan Province), Yongcheng county (now Yongcheng city of Henan Province) and Zhenyuan County (now Luyi County). Wude five years (622), set up in Bozhou general office, jurisdiction Bo, song, Ying, Shen, Qiao and other states. In 624, the governor's office of Bozhou was changed to the governor's office.

In the Song Dynasty, Bozhou belonged to Huainan road. Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty promoted Bozhou to Jiqing army, set up Jiedushi and unified seven counties.

Jinshi, Nanjing Road, under the jurisdiction of 6 counties and 5 towns.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Bozhou belonged to Bianliang Road, under the jurisdiction of 6 counties. In 1355, Liu Futong fought against the Yuan Dynasty and supported Han lin'er as emperor in Bozhou. He established the "Han song" regime and took Bozhou as the capital for three years.

In the early Ming Dynasty, Bozhou was a county, belonging to Fengyang Prefecture of nanzhili. In the ninth year of Hongzhi (1496), the county was promoted to a state, and the inspection department of Yimen was set up in the territory.

In the early Qing Dynasty, Bozhou was under the direct control of Anhui Province. In the second year of Yongzheng reign, Bozhou governed Qiao County, Taihe County, and Mengcheng County (today's Mengcheng, Woyang, and Lixin areas). In 1864, after the Qing government suppressed the Nien army, each of Qiao County, Mengcheng County, and Fuyang county was divided into Woyang county.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Bozhou was changed into Boxian County, belonging to Anhui Province. In 1947, the city of Bo was set up, governing Bo county and suburbs.

In 1964, the State Council decided to set up Lixin County from Fuyang, Guoyang, Mengcheng and Fengtai.

In March 1986, with the approval of the State Council, Bo county was changed to Bozhou City (county level), which is subordinate to Fuyang District of Anhui Province, and the former administrative region of Bo county is the administrative region of Bozhou City. The founding meeting of Bozhou City was held on June 4 of the same year.

On January 14, 1998, the provincial Party committee and the provincial government decided that Bozhou should be directly under the provincial government.

On May 11, 2000, the State Council [Guo Han [2000] No. 47] gave an official reply, and on June 1, 2000, Anhui Provincial People's government [Wan Zheng Mi No. 100] informed that Bozhou City at county level should be abolished and Bozhou City at prefecture level should be established. Bozhou Municipal People's government is stationed in the newly established Qiaocheng district. Qiaocheng district is established in Bozhou City. The former county-level administrative region of Bozhou City is the administrative region of Qiaocheng district. Qiaocheng District People's Government in cultural Lane. Woyang County, Mengcheng County and Lixin County under the jurisdiction of Fuyang City were put under the jurisdiction of Bozhou City. Bozhou City governs Woyang County, Mengcheng County, Lixin County and the newly established Qiaocheng district.

administrative division

By the end of 2016, Bozhou had jurisdiction over Woyang County, Mengcheng County, Lixin County and Qiaocheng District, of which Qiaocheng district was the seat of municipal Party committee and municipal government. There were 89 townships and streets in Bozhou, including 79 townships and 10 streets. The government is stationed at 588 Xiyi Avenue, Qiaocheng district.

geographical environment

geographical position

Bozhou City is located in the northwest of Anhui Province, at the southern end of North China Plain, 330 km away from Hefei, the provincial capital. It is located at 115 ° 53 ′～ 116 ° 49 ′ E and 32 ° 51 ′～ 35 ° 05 ′ n, with Shangqiu City in Henan Province in the north, Luyi County in Zhoukou City in the west, Fuyang City in the southwest, Huaibei City and Bengbu City in the East and Huainan City in the southeast, covering an area of 8374 square kilometers.

topographic features

Bozhou City is a long slope from southeast to northwest. The whole terrain of Bozhou is high in Northwest and low in southeast, with a natural gradient of 1 / 9000 to Southeast. Zhanlou, Qiaocheng District, is the highest in the Northwest with an altitude of 42.5 meters; Zhangou, Lixin County, is the lowest in the southeast with an altitude of 22 meters and a relative drop of 20.5 meters. Due to the influence of the meandering and cutting changes of the river and the southward flooding of the Yellow River, the hills, slopes and dish shaped depressions in the plain are alternately distributed, which has the geomorphological characteristics of "big flat and small uneven".

Bozhou City is connected with the breach of the Yellow River in a fan-shaped way. It is a plain area with flat terrain. There are only more than 10 limestone residual hills in the East, such as Longshan, Shigong, Qishan, Langshan and Shuangsuo mountains. Except for the eroded residual hills sporadically distributed in Mengcheng and Woyang, Bozhou City is a typical Huang Huai accumulation type landform, which is a modern Yellow River inundation deposition area. The micro landform is divided into flood plain and inundation micro highland There are 7 types: flood slope flat land, crevasse fan-shaped land, inter River depression, inter River flat land and low hill.

soil

The main types of soil in Bozhou are sandy black soil, fluvo aquic soil, brown soil and calcareous soil. The sandy black soil (also known as green black soil) is a kind of dark soil with sapropelic black soil layer and shallow fertility sandy layer. It is one of the ancient farming soils in agricultural areas, and its distribution area is the largest, accounting for 71.6% of the total area of the region. The fluvo aquic soil is developed from yellow flood sediments, accounting for 23.2% of the total area. The brown soil is formed by the old loess impact parent material and distributed along the middle reaches of the river It is zonal distribution, accounting for 1.5% of the total land area. Lime soil is mainly developed from weathered deposits of limestone, which are concentrated around small hills, accounting for about 3.7% of the land area.

climate

Bozhou City is located in the south edge of warm temperate zone, which belongs to warm temperate semi humid climate zone. It has obvious transitional characteristics, mainly characterized by obvious monsoon, mild climate, sufficient light, moderate rainfall, long frost free period, four distinct seasons, changeable spring temperature, concentrated summer rain, cool autumn, long and dry winter. Due to the transition of climate, the cold and warm air mass exchange frequently, the weather is changeable, and the interannual precipitation changes greatly

Chinese PinYin : An Hui Sheng Bo Zhou Shi