Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province

Wuxi, referred to as "Xi" for short, was formerly known as Liangxi and Jingui. It is a prefecture level city in Jiangsu Province, one of the central cities in China's Yangtze River Delta approved by the State Council, and an important scenic tourist city. By 2018, Wuxi has five districts and two county-level cities under its jurisdiction, with a total area of 4627.47 square kilometers, and the built-up area of 552.13 square kilometers. By the end of 2019, Wuxi has a permanent resident population of 6.5915 million, including 5.082 million urban residents, with an urbanization rate of 77.10%.

Wuxi is located in East China, in the south of Jiangsu Province, in the Yangtze River delta plain. It is an important part of the Yangtze River city group. It is adjacent to the Yangtze River in the north and Taihu Lake in the south. It is known as the "Pearl of Taihu Lake". The Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal passes through Wuxi. The territory is mainly plain, scattered with low mountains and residual hills. It is a subtropical humid monsoon climate zone with four distinct seasons and abundant heat.

Wuxi is a national historical and cultural city. It has been a land of fish and rice since ancient times. It is known as cloth wharf, money wharf, kiln wharf, silk capital and rice market. Wuxi is the cradle of China's national industry and township industry, the birthplace of Southern Jiangsu model, and also the site of Wuxi joint logistics support center of joint logistics support force. Wuxi has Yuantouzhu, Lingshan Buddha, Wuxi CCTV film and television base and other attractions.

In November 2017, the review confirmed that the honorary title of national civilized city will continue to be retained. Chinese mainland city was China's third best city in December 2018, 2018 of China's 30 cities with the strongest innovation, and 2018 of the top 2018 destinations in China. In August 2019, China Customs magazine sponsored by the General Administration of Customs of China announced the ranking of "China's top 100 foreign trade cities" in 2018, and Wuxi ranked 11th.

Wuxi is one of the important birthplaces of Jiangnan civilization. The recorded history can be traced back to the late Shang Dynasty.

At the end of the 11th century, in order to give way to his third brother Jili, Taibo and his second brother Zhongyong went east to the south of the Yangtze River, settled in Meili (now Meicun in Wuxi), built a city and established a country, and called themselves Gouwu. Today there is Taibo hall in Wuxi.

At the end of Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty destroyed Shang Dynasty. Because Taibo had no son, Jifa granted Zhou Zhang, the fifth grandson of Zhongyong, the king of Wu and established the state of Wu. Zhou Zhang Shaozi, the descendant of the enfeoffment of Taibo, is the Marquis of Anyang. Today, Yangshan mountain in Huishan District is also called Anyang mountain. In 473 B.C., the state of Yue was destroyed and Wuxi belonged to the state of Yue. In the 35th year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (334 BC), the state of Chu destroyed Yue, and Wuxi belonged to the state of Chu.

In the 24th year of the reign of the king of Qin (223 BC), Qin destroyed Chu and set up Kuaiji Prefecture, which belonged to Wuxi. Qin Shihuang sent Wang Jian to stay in Wuxi.

In the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), Wuxi County was established as Kuaiji county. In the first year of the founding of the people's Republic of China, Wang Mang changed his name to Youxi County. In the first year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25 years), it was renamed Wuxi County. During the Three Kingdoms period, the west of Wuxi County was divided into tuntian and piling (now Changzhou).

In the first year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (280), Wuxi County was restored, belonging to piling county (now Changzhou).

In Tang Dynasty, Wuxi was the east of Jiangnan.

In Song Dynasty, Wuxi belonged to Changzhou. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the two Zhejiang roads were divided into East and West, and Wuxi belonged to Changzhou.

In the first year of Yuanzhen (1295), Wuxi was promoted to Changzhou, belonging to Changzhou Road, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province.

In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368), it was demoted to county, belonging to Changzhou Prefecture of Zhongshu province.

In 1724, Wuxi was divided into two counties, Wuxi and Jingui, which were governed by the same city and belonged to Changzhou Prefecture.

In the third year of Xuantong (1911), the rule of Qing Dynasty was overthrown, and the military and political sub government of Xijin was established in the former Jinkui County Office, which governed Wuxi and Jinkui counties. In May of the same year, the military and political sub government of Xijin was abolished.

In 1912, the two counties of Wuxi and Jin were merged and renamed Wuxi County.

In 1927, Suzhou Changdao was abandoned and Wuxi County was directly under Jiangsu Province. From 1934 to 1937, he was the resident of the Commissioner's office of Wuxi administrative supervision district. During the Anti Japanese War, the four townships of Wuxi successively established Anti Japanese democratic regimes led by the CPC, such as Xibei, Xidong, Taihu, Wunan and Chengxi.

On April 20, 1949, the Chinese people's liberation army launched the battle of crossing the Yangtze River. On April 23, 1949, Wuxi was liberated. Wuxi was divided into Wuxi City and Wuxi County. The city and county were in the same city. Wuxi City belonged to the people's Administrative Office of Southern Jiangsu.

In 1953, it was founded in Jiangsu Province, and Wuxi City was a city under the jurisdiction of the province. Wuxi County has changed many times, once under the jurisdiction of Changzhou District, Wuxi City and Suzhou District.

On August 25, 1958, Wuxi County in Suzhou District was under the leadership of Wuxi City.

In 1962, Wuxi County was assigned to Suzhou District.

In March 1983, Wuxi and Jiangyin, which originally belonged to Suzhou, and Yixing, which originally belonged to Zhenjiang, were under the jurisdiction of Wuxi City.

Since 1987, Jiangyin and Yixing counties have been abolished, and Jiangyin City (April 1987) and Yixing City (March 1988) have been established.

In 1988, Mashan District was established in Mashan Town, including Mawei District.

In June 1995, Wuxi County was abolished and Xishan City was established as its original jurisdiction.

In March 1995, the administrative divisions of Wuxi City and Wuxi County were partially adjusted to form Wuxi New Area.

In December 2000, Xishan City was abolished and Xishan District and Huishan District were established; Mashan District was abolished and the administrative area of Mashan District and some towns (9) of Xishan City were merged into the suburbs of Wuxi City, and the suburbs were renamed Binhu District.

In October 2015, Chongan District, Nanchang District and Beitang District were abolished and Liangxi district was merged; Xinwu District of Wuxi City was established, and Hongshan street of Xishan District and Jiangxi, Wangzhuang, Shuofang, Meicun and Xin'an streets of Binhu District of Wuxi City were put under the jurisdiction of Xinwu district.

administrative division

By the end of 2016, Wuxi had jurisdiction over five districts including Liangxi District, Xishan District, Huishan District, Binhu District and Xinwu District, and two county-level cities including Jiangyin and Yixing. There are 30 towns and 51 streets in the city, with 527 villages, 590 communities and 112 village residential units. Wuxi Municipal government is located at No.1, new Jingui Road, Binhu District.

geographical environment

Location context

Wuxi is located at 31 ° 07 ′ - 32 ° 02 ′, 119 ° 33 ′ - 120 ° 38 ′, the Yangtze River Delta, and the southeast of Jiangsu Province. It is adjacent to Suzhou in the East, 128 kilometers away from Shanghai, Zhejiang Province and Anhui Province in the South and southwest, Changzhou in the west, 183 kilometers away from Nanjing, and the Yangtze River in the north. The total area of the city is 4627.47 square kilometers (the urban area is 1643.88 square kilometers, including 552.13 square kilometers of built-up area), including 782 square kilometers of mountainous and hilly areas, accounting for 16.9% of the total area, and 1342 square kilometers of water surface, accounting for 29.0% of the total area.

topographic features

Wuxi City is mainly plain, scattered with low mountains and residual hills. In the south, there are water net plain; in the north, there are high sand plain; in the middle, there are water net polders; in the southwest, there are low mountains and hills in Yixing. The landform of Wuxi City is formed in the Cathaysian structure of Indosinian period (about 180 million years ago) in Mesozoic era, which makes Wuxi area fold and land. The Yanshanian movement (about 150-70 million years ago) resulted in strong volcanic activity and the formation of new block fold structure, which caused the original relatively stable basement to rise again. About 25 million years ago, the Himalayan movement was dominated by differential ascending and descending movements. On the basis of the old structure, it strengthened the folds and faults between the East and the west, and formed a depression basin centered on the modern Taihu Lake to the east of Jiangyin and Yixing. The mountains in Yixing area extend from east to west, with an absolute height of more than 500 meters. The highest peak is Huangta top, with an altitude of 611.5 meters. On the whole, the hills in Jiangyin and Wuxi City are NE and nee trending, and their heights gradually decrease from southwest to northeast. The highest peak is Sanmao peak in Huishan, 328.98 meters above sea level.

Main climate

Wuxi City is located in the humid monsoon climate zone of the north subtropical zone, with four distinct seasons, abundant heat, abundant precipitation and hot rain in the same season. Summer is controlled by the summer monsoon from the ocean, prevailing southeast wind, hot and rainy weather; winter is controlled by the winter monsoon prevailing in the mainland, mostly blowing northerly; spring and autumn are the alternate periods of winter and summer monsoon, the weather is changeable in spring, and cool in autumn. The annual average temperature is 16.2 ℃, the precipitation is 1121.7mm, the rainy days are 123 days, the sunshine hours are 1924.3 hours, and the sunshine percentage is 43%. The hottest month of the year is July, and the coldest month is January. The common meteorological disasters include typhoon, rainstorm, continuous rain, cold wave, hail and gale. It is suitable for both north and south agriculture and has a wide variety of crops.

natural resources

water resource

Wuxi City has more than 3100 rivers, with a total length of 2480 kilometers. The total length of the urban river is 150 kilometers, and the volume of water body is 8 million cubic meters during the normal water period. Taihu Lake is the center of Jiangnan water network, with an area of 2338.1 square kilometers, a total water storage of 4.428 billion cubic meters, and an annual average of 5.2 billion cubic meters. Therefore, Wuxi is rich in surface water, and the external water supply is sufficient. The reserves in the urban area are 63.49 million cubic meters, and the annual supply is 64.53 million cubic meters.

mineral resources

The mineral resources with mining value in Wuxi are mainly non-metallic minerals such as clay, limestone, marble, quartz sandstone for glass and building stone, followed by combustible minerals such as coal and peat and mineral water. Clay mine is mainly clay, with proven industrial reserves of more than 50 million tons. The estimated reserves of limestone are 1.7 billion tons. Marble

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Wu Xi Shi