Jingzhou City, Hubei Province

Jingzhou City, formerly known as Jiangling and Yingdu, is a prefecture level city in Hubei Province, a central city in central and southern Hubei Province approved by the State Council, and one of the transportation hubs in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. As of 2019, the city has jurisdiction over 2 municipal districts, 4 county-level cities and 2 counties, with a total area of 14100 square kilometers, a total population of 6.6 million and a gross regional product of 251.648 billion yuan.

Jingzhou is located in Central China, central and southern Hubei, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the hinterland of Jianghan Plain. It is the capital of Chu state in the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period. It is one of the first batch of 24 national historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council, an excellent tourist city in China, a national garden city, an important comprehensive transportation hub and a port city on the Yangtze River.

Jingzhou is a famous historical and cultural city in China. It is a riverside city with ancient culture and modern civilization. "Yu delimited Kyushu, and Jingzhou began to exist." Jingzhou has a history of more than 3000 years. Since the founding of Ji Nancheng, the capital of the state of Chu in 689 BC, there have been six dynasties and 34 emperors here. From sun shuao, the "first official in the world", to Zhang Juzheng, the first assistant of Wanli in Ming Dynasty, 138 prime ministers went out from Jingzhou. From the patriotic poet Qu Yuan to Li Bai and Du Fu, there were a large number of literati in Jingzhou.

Historical evolution

The name of Jingzhou comes from Shangshu Yugong: "Jingzhou and Hengyang are only Jingzhou", which is one of the ancient Jiuzhou. It is named after the winding and towering Jingshan mountain in the original territory. Jing is another name of the ancient state of Chu. Because Chu was founded in Jingshan, it was used in ancient times. Sand, originally known as Jin or Jiangjin, was an important commercial port and wharf in Jiangling County.

As early as five or six thousand years ago, human beings created primitive cultures such as Daxi Culture here. Jingzhou, the birthplace of Chu culture, belonged to Chu during the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period.

In the first year of King Wen of Chu (689 BC), the state of Chu moved its capital to Ying (now ji'nancheng, Jingzhou District), which lasted for more than 400 years. Qin belongs to Nanjun, which is designated as Jiangling, so Nanjun is often used to refer to Jingzhou.

In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (106 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established the Department of Cishi in Jingzhou.

In the eastern and Western Han Dynasties, it belonged to Nanjun.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei, Shu and Wu divided Jingzhou into three parts. Later, he returned to Wu and ruled Nanjun.

In 352, Jingzhou ruled Jiangling.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Jingzhou was the capital of emperor Qihe, Emperor Liangyuan and Emperor Xiaomi.

In the second year of kaihuang (582) of the Sui Dynasty, because of the marriage with Houliang, the general manager's office was terminated; in the seventh year of kaihuang, the general manager of Jiangling was set up; in the twentieth year, the general manager of Jingzhou was changed. At the beginning of Daye, it was called Nanjun again.

Tang Zhenguan first year (627 years), is Shannandao.

In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (733), Shannan road was divided into East and West roads. It belonged to Jiangling mansion, the East Road of Shannan. It was set up as the governor's mansion of Jingzhou, and the governor's envoy of Jingnan was set up after Zhide.

In the first year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (760), Jiangling was taken as the southern capital, and Jingzhou was changed into Jiangling Prefecture; in the next year (761), the capital was terminated.

During the Five Dynasties and the Ten Kingdoms period (925), Gao Jixing, the Jiedu envoy of Jingnan, ruled Jingzhou, Guizhou and xiazhou separately. He was called Nanping king, and Jiangling was the capital of the state.

Song Dao three years (997), for Jinghu North Road, governance Jiangling house.

Jianyan four years (1130), renamed jingnanfu, sent to Zhijiang county.

Shaoxing five years (1135), renamed Jiangling house, still moved to rule Jiangling County.

In the first year of Chunxi (1174), it was renamed Jingnan mansion.

Chunxi ten years (1183), still renamed Jiangling house.

Yuan, Jiangbei, Henan and other places in the line of the book province Jingnan house.

Yuan 13 years (1276), shengjiangling road.

Tianli two years (1329), renamed Zhongxing Road. In 1364, Zhu Yuanzhang called himself king of Wu, and changed his position to Jingzhou Prefecture, which belonged to Huguang province.

Longfeng 11 years (1365), changed to Huguang sub province.

In the first year of Wu Dynasty (1367), it was reformed into a provincial province of Huguang.

In the ninth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1376), Huguang province was changed into Huguang Chengzheng, and Jingzhou government was changed into Henan chief secretary.

Hongwu 24 years (1391), Jingzhou Fu back to Huguang minister.

Qing Kangxi nine years (1670), set up on Jingnan Road, in Jingzhou house.

In 1735, the name of shangjingnandao was changed to jingyishidao.

In 1904, Jingyi road was renamed Jingyi road.

In January of the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the government of Jingzhou decided to leave the Prefecture in the county, and the counties under its jurisdiction were directly under Jingyi road.

In 1914, Jingyi road was renamed Jingnan road.

In August 1921, it was renamed jingyidao.

In 1932, he was the office of administrative inspector of the seventh district of Hubei Province.

In 1936, it was changed into the fourth administrative supervision district of Hubei Province.

In July 1949, the office of the inspector general of Jingzhou Administrative Region (Jingzhou District) was established; in the same month, Jiansha City, a provincial city, was analyzed. Mianyang district was set up in the same year.

On May 26, 1951, the office of the inspector general of Jingzhou administrative region was changed into the office of the inspector general of Jingzhou District of Hubei Provincial People's government.

On March 27, 1968, the Jingzhou regional Revolutionary Committee was established.

In 1970, Jingzhou area was renamed Jingzhou area.

In October 1978, the Jingzhou regional Revolutionary Committee was abolished and the regional administrative office was established.

In 1979, Shashi City was directly under the provincial government.

On September 29, 1994, with the approval of the State Council (Guo Han [1994] No. 99), Jingzhou Prefecture, Shashi City and Jiangling County were abolished and Jingsha City (prefecture level) was established. Jingsha City has newly established Shashi District, Jingzhou district and Jiangling District. Shashi District has jurisdiction over Jiefang Road, Chongwen street, Zhongshan Road, Shengli Street and Chaoyang Road, and four townships of Lixin, Guanju, Lianhe and Luochang; Jingzhou District has jurisdiction over Jingzhou, Chuandian, Mashan, Libu and Mishi, and two townships of Jinan and Balingshan. Jingsha City governs Songzi County, Gong'an County, Jianli County and Jingshan County in the former Jingzhou area, and the newly established Shashi District, Jingzhou district and Jiangling District. Xiantao City, Qianjiang City, Tianmen City, Zhongxiang City, Shishou City and Honghu City in the former Jingzhou area are directly under the provincial government. (Zhongxiang City, Shishou City and Honghu City are managed by Jingzhou City)

On November 20, 1996, with the approval of the State Council (Guo Han [1996] No. 99), Jingsha City was renamed Jingzhou City.

administrative division

Division evolution

In July 1949, Jingzhou District governed eight counties, including Jingmen, Jingshan, Zhongxiang, Tianmen, Qianjiang, Gongan, Songzi (in Xinjiangkou town) and Jiangling, and its special office was located in Jingzhou town of Jiangling County. In the same month, it analyzed the Shashi Town of Jiangling County and built Shashi City, which is a provincial city. In the same year, Mianyang district was set up, which was stationed in Mianyang county (Xindi Town, Mianyang County in 1951), and governed Mianyang (Xiantao town), Hanchuan, Hanyang (Caidian town), Jiayu, Puqi, Jianli, Shishou and Xindi offices.

In 1950, Xindi office was abolished and Xindi town was established under the leadership of Mianyang county.

In 1951, Mianyang district was abolished, and Mianyang (in Xiantao town), Jianli and Shishou counties were assigned to Jingzhou district; Hanchuan and Hanyang counties were assigned to Xiaogan district; Jiayu and Puqi counties were assigned to Daye district.

In 1952, Mianyang county set up Honghu county and settled in Honghu.

In 1953, Jingjiang county was set up by gong'an, Songzi and Shishou counties, and was stationed at douhudi; in February of the same year, Wusan farm was established.

In 1955, Jingjiang county was abolished and merged into Gong'an County. Gong'an County moved to douhudi, the original site of Jingjiang County, and Chengguan of Gong'an County was renamed Nanping town. In the same year, Shashi City was under the jurisdiction of Jingzhou district. In 1960, Shayang city was established in Shayang town of Jiangling County under the leadership of Jingzhou special office.

In 1961, Shayang city was abolished and changed into Shayang town under the leadership of Jingmen county.

In 1970, Jingzhou district was renamed Jingzhou area. It is located in Jiangling County, and has jurisdiction over Shashi City and 12 counties, including Jiangling, Jingmen, Zhongxiang, Jingshan, Jianli, Shishou (in Xiulin town), Tianmen, Qianjiang, Mianyang (in Xiantao town), Honghu (in Xindi town), Gongan (in Doushi Town, the former douhudi town) and Songzi (in Xinjiangkou town).

In 1975, 119 districts (towns) were abolished and 721 small communes were merged into 221 large communes.

In 1979, Shashi City was directly under the provincial government, and Jingmen City was established by Chengguan town of Jingmen county and its surrounding areas, under the leadership of Jingzhou Prefecture.

In March 1983, the whole district carried out the "separation of government and society, and the establishment of township political power". The commune, management area, production brigade and County town were changed into 105 districts, 596 townships, 5720 villages and 58 county towns respectively. On August 19, the State Council approved the promotion of Jingmen City to prefecture level city. Jingmen county was abolished and the administrative region of Jingmen county was incorporated into Jingmen City (Dongbao District and Shayang District were established in 1985).

On May 27, 1986, with the approval of the State Council (Guo Han [1986] No. 70), Mianyang county was abolished and Xiantao City was established. The former administrative region of Mianyang county was taken as the administrative region of Xiantao City. Shishou county was abolished and Shishou City was established. The administrative region of the original Shishou county was the administrative region of Shishou City.

On July 31, 1987, with the approval of the State Council (Guo Han [1987] No. 130), Honghu county was abolished and Honghu City (county level) was established, with the former administrative region of Honghu County as the administrative region of Honghu City.

On September 29, 1994, with the approval of the State Council (Guo Han [1994] No. 99), Jingzhou Prefecture, Shashi City and Jiangling County were abolished and Jingsha City (prefecture level) was established. Jingsha City has newly established Shashi District, Jingzhou district and Jiangling District. Shashi District governs five sub district offices of Jiefang Road, Chongwen street, Zhongshan Road, Shengli Street and Chaoyang Road in yuansha City, and four townships of Lixin, Guanju, Lianhe and Luochang; Jingzhou District governs five towns of Jingzhou, Chuandian, Mashan, Libu and Mishi in yuanjiangling County, and five townships of Jinan, Guanju, Lianhe and Luochang

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng Jing Zhou Shi