Suining City, Sichuan Province

Suining, a prefecture level city in Sichuan Province, also known as Doucheng and Suizhou, is located in the central heart of Sichuan Basin. It is a regional central city of Chengdu Chongqing Economic Zone, a modern industrial base in Sichuan Province, and a modern ecological garden city characterized by "heart nourishing" culture. It is adjacent to Chengdu in the west, Chongqing, Guang'an and Nanchong in the East, Neijiang and Ziyang in the south, Deyang and Mianyang in the north, forming an equidistant triangle with Chengdu and Chongqing. Located in the main axis of urbanization development in Sichuan, it is one of the "six metropolitan areas" of Sichuan Province, and an important part of Chengdu Economic Circle and Chengdu Plain urban agglomeration.

In 2019, Suining had a total area of 5322.18 square kilometers, with 2 municipal districts and 2 counties, and 1 county level cities. In 2019, the registered residence population was 3 million 629 thousand, and the gross domestic product of the city was 134 billion 573 million yuan. Located in the hilly and low mountain area in the middle of Sichuan Basin, hills account for about 70% of the total area, valleys and terraces account for 25%, and low mountains account for 5%. It is a subtropical humid monsoon climate with mild climate, abundant rainfall, warm winter and early spring, and long frost free period.

Suining was named after Huan Wen, the great general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, who pacified Shu, implying that "peace can be achieved by calming down the war". It was established in 1985 as the seat of county, prefecture, government, special office and county. It is known as "Dongchuan Juyi", "important town in Central Sichuan" and "nation of literati and sages". It has bred such historical celebrities as Chen Ziang, Wang Zhuo, Huang e, Zhang penghe and Zhang Wentao. It is the hometown of Guanyin culture in China. Lingquan temple, which was built in Sui Dynasty, and Guangde Temple in Tang Dynasty, has been regarded as China's Royal Zen forest and Guanyin pilgrimage site. It has cultural landscapes such as China's dead sea, song porcelain Museum and Longfeng ancient town.

In July 2020, Suining City was confirmed as a national health city in 2019 by the National Patriotic Health Association.

Historical evolution

During the Xia and Shang Dynasties, Shu nationality gradually developed and distributed in Sichuan Basin. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the Shu nationality established a state in the basin. Before the Qin Dynasty destroyed Shu, today Suining City is under the jurisdiction of ancient Shu. It has formed a unique early Shu culture and was once a prosperous area of Shu.

In the ninth year of the Yuan Dynasty (316 BC), King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty destroyed Shu state and established Shu county. Shu County governs Chengdu today. Now Suining is under the jurisdiction of Shu county.

In the sixth year of Gaozu in the Western Han Dynasty (201 BC), Guanghan county was established by analyzing the eastern part of Shu county and several counties of Ba County. It has jurisdiction over Luo, Xindu, Mianzhu, Shifang, Fu, Zitong, Baishui, Jiameng, Qi, Guanghan, diandidao, gangdidao and yinpingdao. The county is located in Liushu Town, Shehong County, Suining City, more than 2200 years ago.

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang seized power, established a "new dynasty", changed "Yizhou" (governing Chengdu City) to yongbu, changed Guanghan county to Jiudu, and changed Guanghan county to Guangxin county. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the regime of Liu Xiu was restored to Yizhou.

The Shuhan regime of the Three Kingdoms governs 25 counties of Yizhou, which governs Chengdu (today's Chengdu City), and Guanghan county is subordinate to Yizhou.

In the first year of Yongning in the Western Jin Dynasty (301), Guanghan county was analyzed, Deyang county was set up, and Deyang county was governed by the county.

In the third year of Yonghe (347) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, after Huanwen pacified Shu, Deyang county was destroyed and Suining County was established in the southeast of Deyang county. It means "peace and tranquility". The name of "Suining" began from then on. The County Council was established in Deyang county (now Suining City), and later moved to Baxing county (now changjiangba, Huima Town, Daying county). It has jurisdiction over Guanghan, Deyang, Jinxing and Baxing counties. Today, Suining City belongs to Suining County. Deyang County, Guanghan county and Baxing county are all located in Suining City, while Qixian County and Jinxing county are located in Suining City.

During the Liu Song period of the southern and Northern Dynasties (420-479), Guanghan county was set up, and Luo, Shifang, Xindu, Yangquan, Wucheng and Qi counties were under its jurisdiction. Guanghan county is located in Xincheng County. It governs beiwucheng county (today's Santai County). It governs beiwucheng county and Huaigui county.

Taishi five years (469 years), in Luoxian Qiaozhi West Suining County, county governance now Guanghan Xinhua Town. Suining County was renamed East Suining County, and its governance was still Baxing county. It led and governed four counties: Baxing, Deyang, Jinxing and Xiaohan (Guanghan renamed).

During the Xiaoliang period (502-557), East Suining County moved to Xiaoxi county (Deyang changed its name).

In 553, the second year of abolishing the emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty, yuwentai flattened Shu, and now Sichuan entered the territory of the Wei Dynasty. In 555, the second year of Gongdi divided into East Suining County, which governed Fangyi county (Xiaoxi renamed) and led Fangyi county.

According to the records of Yuanhe county annals, Emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty (554-556) changed xitangqu County into Yongquan county. The county government moved to Yongquan county (now Yangxi town of Shehong County), and led Yongquan county and Guangwei county (renamed Guanghan county). It is divided into beiwucheng county and Shejiang county. The county governs Jinhua town of Shehong County and is subordinate to Changcheng county. Today, Suining City is located in Huaihua County, East Suining County, Yongquan county and Changcheng county. The county and its governance are all located in Suining City, including Fangyi County, Changjiang County, Shejiang County, Guangwei county and Yongquan county. The county is partially located in Suining City, and Shixing County is located in other counties.

In 557, the first year of Min emperor in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the eastern Suining County was changed into Shishan County, and Suizhou was set up in the county to unify it. State and county govern Fangyi county. Suizhou had jurisdiction over Shishan and Huaihua counties. In the fourth year of Emperor Wudi's Jiande reign (575), Anju county was set up, which was subordinate to Puzhou. The county governed rougang county (now Anju Town, Anju District), and governed rougang county. Today, Suining City is governed by one state and four counties, namely Suizhou, Shishan, Huaihua, Yongquan and Anju. There are six counties in Suining, namely Fangyi, Changjiang, rougang, Shehong (renamed Shejiang), Guanghan (renamed Guangwei) and Tongjing (renamed Yongquan). Some counties are in Suining, and Shixing County is outside the county.

In the third year of kaihuang of Sui Dynasty (583), it was learned that all the prefectures in the world were destroyed, and the prefectures led the counties. At this time, the prefectures set up the general office. In the 18th year of kaihuang (598), Suizhou governed Fangyi, Changjiang and Qingshi counties. In the third year of Daye (607), the Prefecture was changed into a county, and the county was unified by the county. Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the excessive establishment of prefectures and counties has been eliminated. Suining Prefecture was changed into Suining County, and the county seat remained unchanged. Today, Suining City is divided into Suining, Ziyang (renamed as Zizhou) and Xincheng (renamed as Xinzhou). Five counties are located in Suining City, including Fangyi, Changjiang, Anju, Shehong and Tongquan. Some counties are located in Suining City, and Qingshi county is located in other counties.

In 618, the first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, Suining County was destroyed and Suizhou was restored, with the county under the jurisdiction of Suining Prefecture. The Kaiyuan reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty still governed the prefectures and counties. They also set up duguanfu and Duhufu in chongyaochu and the border areas to supervise the military affairs of the prefectures and supervise the governor of the prefectures. In Suizhou, there was a governor's office, which was subordinate to Dongchuan, Jiannan road. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Suining County was established by withdrawing Suizhou. In the first year of Qianyuan Dynasty (758), Suining County was withdrawn and Suizhou was established. Suining County, Fangyi County, Changjiang County, Qingshi county and Pengxi county were governed. Today, Suining City is divided into Suizhou, Zizhou and Puzhou. There are six counties in Suining, including Fangyi, Changjiang, Shehong, Tongquan, Pengxi and Anju. There are three counties, Suining, Qingshi and chongkan (longkan county is renamed and now chongkan mountain in Tongnan County) in Suining.

Taizu of the Northern Song Dynasty set the whole country as the road, and Taizong set the whole country as the road. Under the road, there were government, state, army and prison, and there were counties. It has become a three-level administrative region of road, prefecture (government, army, prison) and county. In the fourth year of Xianping (1001), Sichuan was divided into "four roads", which is the beginning of Sichuan. In the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115), Suining Prefecture was upgraded to Suining Prefecture, which was under the jurisdiction of Xiaoxi, Pengxi, Changjiang, Qingshi and Suining counties.

In the sixth year of Baoyou reign of LiZong in the Southern Song Dynasty (1258), the government of Suining was changed to the governor of Suining. Today, Suining City is under the jurisdiction of the governor of Suining. Xiaoxi, Pengxi, Changjiang, Shehong and Tongquan counties are all located in Suining City, part of them are located in Suining City, and Suining, Qingshi and Anyue counties are located outside.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the local government set up the Xingzhong Province, which is called Xingsheng for short. Under the provincial road, the road governs the prefecture, and the prefecture governs the county. In the 19th year of the reign of emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty (1282), the governor's office of Suining was changed to Suining Prefecture, which was under the jurisdiction of Shunqing road in Sichuan Province. Lingxiaoxi (Qingshi and Suining counties merged) and Pengxi (Changjiang County merged) in Suining Prefecture.

In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, he changed his career to Zhongshu. He announced that he was the Minister of the provincial government. In the year of Hongwu, he abandoned the road and changed the government into a county. Later, he changed the government into a state. The chief secretary has two levels: Prefecture, prefecture and county. Suining Prefecture was reduced to Suining County.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), under the rule of Yuan Shikai, the system of "Dao" was abolished in the whole country, and the government, prefecture and department were under the jurisdiction of the provincial government. In 1913, the government, prefectures and departments were abolished, and the system of "Dao" was restored.

From 1918 to 1935, Sichuan Province was divided into 11 garrison areas, Suining as the fifth area and 18 counties. The next year, he ordered that the "garrison area" be renamed "garrison area". It is known as the era of defense area system in history. For 17 years, some or all of the counties in Suining City were controlled by Sichuan army, Yunnan army and Guizhou army.

In 1935, the national government unified the military and financial power of Sichuan Province, ended the defense area system, implemented the new administrative area system, and established the Sichuan provincial government. There are 18 administrative supervision districts in Sichuan, each of which has a commissioner's office as the agency of the provincial government. In March, the 12th administrative supervision district office of Sichuan Province was stationed in Suining County (urban town). Jurisdiction nine counties: Suining County, zhisucheng town; Anyue County, zhisuchengzhong town; Zhongjiang County, zhisuchengxiang town; Santai County, zhisuchengxiang town; Shehong County, zhisujinhua town; Yanting County, zhisuchengxiang town; Pengxi County, zhisuchi town; Tongnan County, zhisuchengguan township; Lezhi county, zhisutianchi town.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Sui Ning Shi