Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Changzhou Changzhou, also known as Longcheng for short, is a prefecture level city in Jiangsu Province, one of the central cities in China's Yangtze River Delta approved by the State Council, an advanced manufacturing base and a famous cultural and tourism city. As of 2018, the city has five districts and one county-level city under its jurisdiction, with a total area of 4385 square kilometers, a permanent resident population of 4.729 million, an urban population of 3.428 million, an urbanization rate of 72.5%, and a permanent migrant population of 1.7 million.

Changzhou is located in the south of Jiangsu Province and the hinterland of the Yangtze River Delta, adjacent to Wuxi in the East, Nanjing and Zhenjiang in the west, and Wuxi and Xuancheng in Anhui Province in the south. Changzhou is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain, with high sand plain and hills and lakes, belonging to the north subtropical monsoon climate. There are Weidun Neolithic site, Chunqiu Yancheng, Tianning Temple, Hongmei Pavilion, Wenbi tower, Tenghua old hall, Yizhou Pavilion, Taiping Heavenly Kingdom palace, Qu Qiubai memorial hall, Chinese dinosaur garden, Tianmu Lake, Jintan Maoshan scenic spot, Xixi Valley, Oriental Salt Lake City, Huaxia Baosheng garden, etc.

Changzhou is a cultural ancient city with a history of more than 3200 years. At the end of the spring and Autumn period (547 BC), Jizha, the fourth son of Shoumeng, king of Wu, sealed the capital of Yanling, starting a history of more than 2500 years with accurate chronology and exact place names. In the fifth year of Gaozu (202 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, it was renamed piling. In 281, the second year of Taikang, Emperor Wu of the Western Jin Dynasty, it was changed into piling county. Since then, Changzhou has been a county, a state, a road and a government in all dynasties. It once had the names of Yanling, piling, pitan, Jinling, Changchun, Chanzhou and Wujin. It was named Changzhou in 589, the ninth year of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty.

In 2020, Changzhou's GDP will reach 780.53 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5% at comparable prices, ranking the third in the province.

In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

Forty five million years ago, the ancestor vertebrate of mankind, the "Chinese dawn ape", lived in the upper yellow area of Liyang, 8-10 million years earlier than the "human ancestor" in North Africa.

More than 6000 years ago, primitive residents lived in Weidun village of Qishuyan.

In the 25th year of King Ling of Zhou Dynasty (547 BC), King Xu Ji of Wu granted Jizha to Yanling, which is the first name recorded in Changzhou.

In the fifth year of Gaozu (202 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, it was renamed piling.

During the Three Kingdoms period, in the third year of Jiahe (234), Sun Quan carried out the practice of farming, and governed three counties, namely, piling, Wujin (now Dantu) and Yunyang (now Danyang).

In the second year of simayan Taikang (281) in the Western Jin Dynasty, the garrison was abandoned and replaced by piling County, which had jurisdiction over Dantu, qu'a, Wujin, Yanling, piling, Jiyang and Wuxi counties. From then on to the Qing Dynasty, Changzhou was the seat of county, prefecture, road and government. In the first year of Yongxing (304), Emperor Huidi of Jin Dynasty was renamed Jinling county because he avoided the name of the prince of Donghai. In 318, the first year of Daxing in Jin Dynasty, the overseas Chinese set up Lanling county.

In 589, the ninth year of emperor Yangjian's reign in Sui Dynasty, Jinling county was abolished and Changzhou was set up, with jurisdiction over Jinling, Wuxi, Yixing and Jiangyin counties.

In the fourth year of Tang Huichang (844), Changzhou was promoted to Wang, one of the ten Wangs in China, with jurisdiction over five counties (including Wujin County). In the first year of Jingfu of Zhaozong (892), the state of Wu was established. Changzhou belonged to Wu and was known as the "three important towns of Wu" in history.

In 1277, it was rebuilt as Changzhou Road, governing Jinling and Wujin counties and Yixing and Wuxi prefectures. In 1357, Huizong of Yuan Dynasty changed Changzhou Road to Changchun Government, which governed Wujin, Wuxi, Yixing and Jiangyin counties.

In the seventh year of Yongle reign of Zhu Di in the Ming Dynasty (1409), Chang Chun Fu was changed to Chang Zhou Fu, which governed five counties, namely, Zeng Jingjiang.

In 1726, the fourth year of Yongzheng reign in xinjueluo, the Qing Dynasty, Changzhou governs eight counties, namely Wujin, Yanghu, Wuxi, Jingkui, Yixing, Jingxi, Jiangyin and Jingjiang.

The revolution of 1911 broke out and the Qing Dynasty perished. In 1912, Changzhou Prefecture was abolished and Yanghu county was merged into Wujin County. The city was once called Wujin City and Changzhou was called along the city, which belongs to Jiangsu Province.

On April 20, 1949, the Chinese people's liberation army launched the campaign of crossing the Yangtze River. On April 23, 1949, after the liberation of Changzhou, urban and rural areas were divided into Changzhou City and Wujin County, belonging to the Changzhou Special Administrative Region of Southern Jiangsu.

In 1953, Changzhou was promoted to a provincial city.

In 1958, Zhenjiang District moved to Changzhou and was renamed Changzhou district. It has jurisdiction over Changzhou and Zhenjiang, and nine counties including Wujin, Jintan, Liyang, Danyang, Yangzhong, Jurong, Yixing, Lishui and Gaochun, and is subordinate to Jiangsu Province.

In January 1983, the State Council approved Jiangsu Province to implement the system of city governing county. Since March, Jiangsu Province has jurisdiction over Wujin, Jintan and Liyang counties.

In April 2002, the State Council approved the construction of Changzhou as a mega city, replacing Wujin City at the county level with Wujin District, and the suburb was renamed Xinbei district; Changzhou governs Jintan and Liyang, and Wujin, Xinbei, Tianning, Zhonglou and Qishuyan.

In May 2015, with the approval of the State Council, the administrative divisions of Changzhou City were adjusted as follows: 1. Wujin District and Qishuyan District of Changzhou City were abolished, and a new Wujin District was established. The former Wujin District (excluding Benniu Town, Zhenglu town and Zou town) and Qishuyan District were the newly established administrative areas of Wujin District, and the people's Government of Wujin District was stationed at 28 yanzhengzhong Avenue, HUTANG town. 2、 Jintan City at the county level was abolished and Jintan District of Changzhou was established. The former administrative region of Jintan City was taken as the administrative region of Jintan district. The people's Government of Jintan district was stationed at 88 Huayang South Road, Xicheng street. 3. The former Benniu town of Wujin District is under the jurisdiction of Xinbei District of Changzhou City, the former Zhenglu town of Wujin District is under the jurisdiction of Tianning District of Changzhou City, and the former Zou town of Wujin District is under the jurisdiction of Zhonglou District of Changzhou City.

administrative division

Changzhou has five municipal districts and one county-level city, namely Jintan District, Wujin District, Xinbei District, Tianning District, Zhonglou district and Liyang City. The Municipal People's government is stationed at 1280 Longcheng Avenue.

geographical environment

Location context

Changzhou is located between 119 ° 08 '- 120 ° 12' e and 31 ° 09 '- 32 ° 04' n, in the south of Jiangsu Province and the hinterland of Yangtze River Delta. It is adjacent to Wuxi in the East, Nanjing and Zhenjiang in the west, Wuxi and Xuancheng in Anhui Province in the south, and Shanghai and Nanjing in the same distance. The total area is 438500 hectares, including 361800 hectares of land and 73300 hectares of water.

topographic features

Changzhou City is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain, with high sand plain and hills and lakes. Among them, plain area is 1672 square kilometers, accounting for 38.22%; hilly area is 1088 square kilometers, accounting for 24.86%; Yangtze River and Lake area is 255 square kilometers, accounting for 5.83% (water reservoir, dam, inland river, etc., total water area accounts for 16%); polder area is 1360 square kilometers, accounting for 31.09% (including inland river, reservoir, etc.).

Changzhou is 2-9 meters above sea level. Among them, the plain is 5m-7m; the lakeside area along the river is 2m-4m; the polder field is 2m-5m; and the central and southern part is 6m-9m. Low mountains and hills account for 15% of the total area of the city. In addition to a small number of low mountains in the northeast, northwest and Southeast, most of them are distributed in the West and the South: there are two major mountain areas: Mt. Mao in Jintan and the remaining veins of Mt. Tianmu in the south of Liyang. The lowest mountain is Jiaoshan in Taihu Lake, with an altitude of 37 meters; the highest mountain is Guodi mountain in the southern border of Liyang, with an altitude of 541 meters; and Damao peak in Maoshan, Jintan, with an altitude of 372 meters.

Climatic characteristics

Changzhou has a subtropical monsoon climate with dry, wet, cold and warm, four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall and long frost free period. The annual average temperature is 17.5 ℃, including 3.2 ℃ in January and 31.1 ℃ in July. The average annual precipitation is 1149.7mm, including 42.2mm in January and 154mm in July. The sunshine duration is 137.6 hours in January and 229 hours in July.

The annual average high temperature days in Changzhou are 11 days, and the extreme maximum temperature is 39.4 ℃.

hydrology

Surface water in Changzhou: the rivers in the urban area are connected with rivers and lakes, and the water resources are rich. There are more than 200 rivers in or across the city; there are more than 3000 ditches and ponds, with a water area of 700 square kilometers, accounting for 16% of the city's total area.

The main sources of surface water in Changzhou are Yangtze River, Grand Canal, Taihu Lake, Donghu Lake, changdanghu lake and neihe river network. Among them, the Yangtze River water has become the main drinking water source in recent years; the urban section of the Grand Canal reaches 23.8 kilometers, with an annual runoff of 380-400 million cubic meters.

Groundwater in Changzhou: the thickness of phreatic aquifer is generally between 4m and 8m; the thickness of confined aquifer of series I, II and III is 2m-20m, 25m-45m and 25m respectively, and the optimal daily water intake is 57100t, 1000-5000t and 130000t respectively; the single well water inflow of limestone aquifer below SERIES V is 86t-143t; the proven mineral water reserve is more than 27000t / d. In recent years, the excessive exploitation of groundwater has been strictly controlled by the government.

Changzhou: the annual precipitation is about 1200 mm.

natural resources

mineral resources

Changzhou metal mineral: iron, manganese, copper, gold. Non metallic minerals: rock salt, limestone, calcite, bentonite, clay, basalt, quartz sandstone, brick clay, mineral water. Mineral land: 35. Among them, there are 3 large deposits, 6 medium deposits and 26 small deposits. Jintan salt mine reserves 16.3 billion tons; Liyang calcite reserves 27 million tons, ranking first in the province.

Animal resources

The common animals in Changzhou are Annelida, molluscs, arthropods and vertebrates, which belong to 168 species. Food animals: snail, mussel, shrimp, crab, fish, duck, rabbit and other 60 species. Medicinal animals: earthworm, leech, pearl mussel, centipede, scorpion, turtle, toad, gecko, hedgehog, etc. Fur moves

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Chang Zhou Shi