Huainan City, Anhui Province

Huainan Huainan, formerly known as zhoulai, is a prefecture level city in Anhui Province and an important national energy city. Located in East China, north central Anhui, the hinterland of the Yangtze River Delta and the Bank of the Huaihe River, it is known as "the throat of Zhongzhou, the barrier of Jiangnan" and "colorful Huainan". It is an important node of the urban agglomeration along the Huaihe River and the core city of Hefei metropolitan area. As of 2018, the city has 5 districts and 2 counties with a total area of 5533 square kilometers, a permanent resident population of 3.49 million and an urban population of 2.237 million, with an urbanization rate of 64.11%. The total retail sales of social consumer goods in the whole year is 60.9 billion yuan.

Huainan is China's energy capital, East China's industrial granary, an important industrial city in Anhui Province, and one of the 13 major cities of the State Council. It has won the honors of China's excellent tourism city, 100 livable cities in China, national greening model city, National Garden City, the first batch of national pilot smart city, China's best investment city, China's happiest City, and China's Idiom allusion city Reputation.

In 2019, Huainan's GDP will reach 129.62 billion yuan, an increase of 5.2% on a year-on-year basis at comparable prices.

Historical evolution

During the Xia and Shang Dynasties, Huainan City was a place of "Huaiyi". The Western Zhou Dynasty was divided into vassals, and the city was under the jurisdiction of zhoulaizi. In the 16th year of King Jing of Zhou Dynasty (529 BC), when Wu destroyed Zhou, the city belonged to Wu. With the expansion of Chu's power, the state of CAI, located in the upper reaches of Huaihe River, was forced to move its capital several times to Wu for help. In order to facilitate the mutual assistance between Wu and CAI, in 493 BC, the state of Wu helped Cai move his capital to zhoulai and changed it to Xiacai.

In the early Warring States period, in the 22nd year of King Zhending of Zhou Dynasty (447 BC), King Hui of Chu destroyed Cai, and the city belonged to Chu. At the end of the Warring States period, King kaolie of Chu moved his capital to Shouchun in the 22nd year (241 BC) and changed Shouchun to Ying. The city became the capital of Chu. In 223 BC, the king of Chu destroyed Chu. In the 26th year of Emperor Qinshihuang (221 BC), Qin unified the six states. The city is located in Jiujiang county (Shouchun county) to the south of Huaihe River, and Sishui county is located in Fengtai County and north of Huaihe River.

In the fourth year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), Liu Bang granted yingbu the title of king of Huainan. He first established the state of Huainan. Du Liu (now Lu'an) governs Jiujiang, Lujiang, Hengshan and Yuzhang counties. In the 11th year of Gaozu (196 BC), yingbu was sentenced to death, and Liu Chang was renamed king of Huainan, capital Shouchun (now Shouxian). In the sixth year of Xiaowen (174 BC), Liu Chang was exiled and died on the way. Emperor Wen renamed Liu Xi, king of Chengyang, king of Huainan. In the 16th year of Xiaowen (164 BC), Huainan kingdom was divided into three parts: Huainan, Hengshan and Lujiang. They were granted to the three sons of Liu Chang. Liu An, the eldest son, succeeded the king of Huainan and lived in Shouchun. In the first year of Yuanshou (122 B.C.) of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Liu An committed suicide, abolished Huainan state, and restored to Jiujiang county to govern Shouchun. In the Western Han Dynasty, the city was under the jurisdiction of Huainan state and Jiujiang County, and Fengtai County was under the jurisdiction of Pei county and Xiacai county.

Huainan main urban area

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the city and Fengtai County were under the jurisdiction of Jiujiang County, Shouchun county and Xiacai county respectively. At the end of Han Dynasty, Yuan Shu established Huainan county according to Shouchun. In the Wei Dynasty, it was still called Huainan County, which ruled Shouchun. Later, Emperor Wen of the Wei Dynasty appointed his son Cao Yong and his younger brother Cao Biao as the king of Huainan. In 233, Emperor Ming of the Wei Dynasty moved to Hefei new city. Meanwhile, the city and Fengtai County are under the jurisdiction of Huainan county. In the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty, Huainan County moved to Shouchun, and the city was under its jurisdiction. Since the Yongjia rebellion, the Huaihe River Basin has become a war zone. A large number of Jianghuai counties have been abandoned, and northerners have moved to the south. In the early years of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the overseas Chinese set Huainan County in Danyang county and Yuhu County, while Nanliang county was under the jurisdiction of the city.

Zhou Tai, a famous general of Wu state in the Three Kingdoms, was born in Xiacai, Jiujiang (now Fengtai, Huainan, Anhui).

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, Liu Song, Xiao Qi and Xiao Liang followed the Eastern Jin Dynasty and established Huainan County in the south of the Yangtze River. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty, the city was again under the jurisdiction of Huainan County, and Fengtai County belonged to Xiacai County of Ruyin county.

In Tang Dynasty, Huainan road was set up. The city was under the jurisdiction of Shouzhou, Huainan road. Fengtai County was under the jurisdiction of Xiacai County, Yingzhou, Henan road. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the title of Huainan Dao remained unchanged, and Shouzhou and Xiacai were successively owned by Wu and Southern Tang.

Huainan road was set up in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the city was under the jurisdiction of Shouzhou. In 1071, Huainan road was divided into East and West roads. The city was under the jurisdiction of Shouzhou, Huainan West Road, Shouchun county to the south of Huaihe River, and Cai county to the north of Huaihe River. After the Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty reached peace, the city was bounded by the Huaihe River and dashanguan. To the north of the Huaihe River was the kingdom of Jin, and to the south of the Huaihe River was the land of song.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the city was located in Anfeng Road, Zhongshu Province, north of the Yangtze River in Henan Province, under the jurisdiction of Shouchun and Xiacai counties. Huaiyuan County was established in the 28th year of Zhiyuan Dynasty (1291). Today, the eastern part of the city is under the jurisdiction of Huaiyuan County.

In the Ming Dynasty, the whole territory was under the jurisdiction of Fengyang Prefecture in nanzhili, which belonged to Shouzhou (including today's Fengtai County), Huaiyuan County and Fengyang County.

In the Qing Dynasty, the whole city belonged to Fengyang Prefecture of Jiangnan province and Fengyang Prefecture of Anhui Province. It is under the jurisdiction of Shouzhou, Huaiyuan and Fengyang. In 1733, Fengtai County was set up from Shouzhou, so it was under the jurisdiction of Cai county, which was divided into the same city. In 1864, Fengtai County was moved to Xiacai county.

Huainan was liberated on January 18, 1949. In March, the East China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided to set up the Huainan Coal Mine Special Administrative Region on the basis of the three towns in Huainan; in April, the Huainan Coal Mine Special Administrative Region was changed into Huainan mining area.

In September 1950, Huainan City was built at the county level.

In June 1952, Huainan City was established.

In January 1977, Fengtai County was designated by Fuyang district.

In November 1999, Maoji social development comprehensive experimental zone was established.

In July 2006, Kongdian Township, Sanhe Township, Cao'an Town, Shiyuan Township, gudui Hui Township, Yanggong town and Sunmiao Township were divided into Datong District, Tianjiaan district and Xiejiaji District of Huainan City from Changfeng County.

On December 3, 2015, the State Council approved Shouxian County of Lu'an City to be under the jurisdiction of Huainan City.

administrative division

By 2019, Huainan City has jurisdiction over 5 districts and 2 counties including Tianjiaan District, Datong District, Xiejiaji District, Bagongshan District, Panji District, Fengtai County and Shouxian county. Huainan Municipal government is located at 88 Hefeng street, tianjia'an district.

geographical environment

Location context

Huainan City is located between 116 ° 21 ′ 5 ″～ 117 ° 12 ′ 30 ″ E and 31 ° 54 ′ 8 ″～ 33 ° 00 ′ 26 ″ n in the north central part of Anhui Province. It is adjacent to Chuzhou City in the East, Hefei City in the southeast, Lu'an City in the southwest, Fuyang City in the west, Bozhou City and Bengbu City in the north. The easternmost end is located to the east of wangci village, Kongdian Township, Datong District, on the central line of Gaotang lake, the westernmost end is located to the west of houhaizi, Shangtang Township, Fengtai County and Lixin County, the southernmost end is located to the south of huaishuzhuang, Fenglou village, Sanjue Town, Shouxian County and Jin'an District, Lu'an City, and the northernmost end is located on the central line of the main channel of cihuai new river where Fengtai County meets Mengcheng County and Lixin County. The longest distance between the East and the west of Huainan City is 80.23 kilometers, and the longest distance between the north and the south is 122.68 kilometers, with a total area of 5533 square kilometers.

topographic features

Huainan city belongs to the Huainan Syncline in the eastern part of the Huainan depression fold belt of the North China platform. It is bounded by Tanlu fault in the East, Zhoukou depression in the west, Bengbu uplift in the north, Hefei depression in the south, and Dongshan fault and Liufu fault in the north and south. The structure in the area is dominated by NWW trending structure, which is strongly reformed in the later stage, but the overall shape changes little. The secondary folds and faults are developed in the compound syncline. The history of geological evolution can be divided into three stages: pre Sinian, Sinian Triassic, and Jurassic Quaternary. In pre Sinian, the crust of Huainan was in active stage; in Sinian Triassic, it was a period of violent movement, which successively experienced Bengbu, Fengyang, Wannan, Caledonian, huaxili, Indosinian and other movements. During this period, the crust uplifted and subsided several times, forming the cross strata of sea and land. Especially in the Late Carboniferous and Permian, the depositional environment of sea land interaction provided good conditions for the formation of coal resources, thus forming a large number of coal resources in the territory. From Jurassic to Quaternary, through the Yanshan movement and Himalayan movement, the geomorphological features of this century were gradually shaped.

The city is bounded by the Huaihe River, forming two different geomorphic types. To the south of the Huaihe River, there are hills, which are part of the Jianghuai hills. To the north of the Huaihe River, there are flat Huaibei plain. The South Bank of the Huaihe River rises from east to west, with discontinuous low mountains and hills. Surrounded by mountains, it is a slope zone with a width of about 500 meters to 1500 meters, a slope of about 10 ° and an altitude of 40 meters to 75 meters. The slope zone is staggered and connected with the alluvial deposits The second terrace is 500m-2500m wide and 30m-40m above sea level, with a slope of about 2 degrees; below the second terrace to the north of Shungeng mountain is the first alluvial terrace of Huaihe River, 2500m-3000m wide and 25m above sea level, with a gentle slope; below the first terrace is the high floodplain of Huaihe River, 2000m-3000m wide and 17m-20m above sea level, with a riverside shoal of Huaihe River. Below the south slope of Shungeng mountain, there are the first and second grade flood and alluvial terraces of Gaotang Lake in the East, the first and second grade flood and alluvial terraces of Wabu Lake in the west, and hilly land in the middle. The plain area to the north of Huaihe River is a low-lying plain between rivers. The terrain is inclined from northwest to Southeast, with an altitude of 20 m to 24 m and a height difference of 4 m to 5 m.

climate

temperature

Huainan City is located in the south of Huaihe River, which is the transition zone between warm temperate zone and subtropical zone. The annual average temperature is on the high side, 16.6 ℃, 1.0 ℃ higher than that of the normal year. In the whole year, only February and December are 0.7 ℃ and 1.5 ℃ lower than that of the normal year, and the rest of the months are on the high side, of which April is 2.8 ℃ higher than that of the normal year. The average temperature in winter is 3.5 ℃

Chinese PinYin : An Hui Sheng Huai Nan Shi