Hongze District, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province

Hongze District Hongze district is subordinate to Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province. It is located in the middle of Jiangsu Province and on the East Bank of Hongze Lake. Located between 118 ° 28 '- 119 ° 9' e and 33 ° 02 '- 34 ° 24' n, it is adjacent to Hongze Lake in the west, Sihong County and Siyang County across the lake, Baima Lake in the East, Huaian District, Baoying County and Jinhu County by land and water, Huaihe River channel in the south, Xuyi county in the south, Subei irrigation canal in the north, Huaiyin District and qingjiangpu District in the north. Hongze shoulders two lakes (Hongze Lake, Baima Lake), surrounded by water, known as "Huaishang pearl", "land of fish and rice" reputation, lakeside emerging eco-tourism city.

As of October 8, 2016, Hongze district has a total area of 1394 square kilometers, of which the water area accounts for 55% and the population is 388000. In 2015, Hongze District achieved a GDP of 23.081 billion yuan.

In November 2017, Hongze district was rated as "China's top ten quality leisure counties and cities in 2017".

Historical evolution

Hongze is named after the lake. In the Xia Dynasty, it was a settlement of Huaiyi people. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was the hinterland of Xu state. In the spring and Autumn period, it belonged to Wu and Yue; in the Warring States period, it belonged to Chu; in the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Dongyang County in the East, xutai (Yi) County in the south, Xu county in the West and Huaiyin County in the north.

In the Han Dynasty, the territory was divided into Xu, Gaoping, Suiling, Xuyi, Fuling, Huaiyin, Dongyang and Ping'an counties.

During the Three Kingdoms period, the whole territory belonged to Wei. In Jin Dynasty, it belonged to many counties, such as Huaiyin, Dongyang, Xuyi and Shanyang. In 489 A.D., to the east of gezhidu and broken cauldron (broken cauldron pond is a part of Hongze Lake), 100 families in Huaiyin town were set up in Huai'an county. The eastern part of Hongze territory belongs to Huai'an county.

In the Sui Dynasty, it was located at the border of xiapi county and Jiangdu County, with Anyi county and Shanyang County in the East, Xuyi county in the south, Xucheng County in the West and Huaiyin County in the north.

In the Tang Dynasty, the whole territory was located at the border of Sizhou and Chuzhou, with Baoying County and Shanyang County in the East, Xuyi county in the south, Xucheng county and linhuai County in the west, and Huaiyin County in the north.

In the Five Dynasties, it was located at the border of the later Jin Dynasty; in the later Jin Dynasty, most of the territory belonged to the Southern Tang Dynasty.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, the whole territory was located at the border of Sizhou and Chuzhou, Baoying County in the East, Xuyi county in the south, linhuai County in the west, Huaiyin county and Shanyang County in the north. In the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, the territory belongs to the Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty respectively.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the territory was located in the north of the Yangtze River in Henan Province and the boundary of xuanweisi in the East. Shanyang and BAOYING counties were in the East, Xuyi and linhuai counties in the south, Sizhou in the west, Taoyuan and Qinghe counties in the north.

In Ming Dynasty, Nanjing (nanzhili) was located in the border of Fengyang, Huai'an and Yangzhou; Baoying County in the East, Gaoyou Prefecture, Yangzhou Prefecture; Xuyi county in the south, Sizhou in the west, Fengyang Prefecture; Taoyuan County and Qinghe County in the north, Shanyang County in the northeast, Huai'an Prefecture.

In the early Qing Dynasty, it was along the Ming system; in the Kangxi period, it was on the border of Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province; in the Jiaqing period, it was on the border of Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province.

During the period of the Republic of China, it was located in the border of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. In the west, it belongs to Sixian County, in the south, it belongs to Xuyi county, and it belongs to huaisidao of Anhui Province; in the north, it belongs to Siyang County and Huaiyin County, in the East, it belongs to Huai'an county and Baoying County, and it belongs to Huaiyang road of Jiangsu Province; later, it is slightly adjusted, and it belongs to the sixth Office of administrative inspector of Anhui Province and the fifth (later changed to the seventh) and sixth Office of administrative inspector of Jiangsu Province.

During the Anti Japanese War, the New Fourth Army opened up a base area in Hongze Lake area. Huaibao county and Hongze County were established in the area, and then they were abolished.

After the beginning of the Anti Japanese War, the second division of the New Fourth Army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China opened up a base area to the east of Hongze Lake, established huaibao county government in the east of the county (Chahe Town, Hongze County) in October 1941, and established Hongze County Government in the west of the county in April 1942 (during this period, it was temporarily cancelled for some reasons, and then restored, and was cancelled in June 1947, the 36th year of the Republic of China). The establishment of Hongze County began here. At that time, there were two democratic governments at the county level.

From the founding of the people's Republic of China to February 1952, the whole territory was divided into five counties, namely Sihong, Xuyi, Siyang, Huaiyin and huaibao.

From February 1950 to may 1956, the county was divided into Sihong, Xuyi, Siyang and Huaiyin counties.

In May 1956, with the approval of the State Council of the people's Republic of China, Hongze County was reestablished and subordinate to the office of Huaiyin Commissioner of Jiangsu Province.

In 1983, the system of city governing county was implemented. Huaiyin District was changed into Huaiyin City, and Hongze County was subordinate to Huaiyin City.

In December 1985, the people's Government of Jiangsu Province readjusted the administrative division of Hongze County. Part of the water surface of Hongze Lake, Huaihe, Linhe, Bancheng, Chenghe and other towns were zoned out, and some villages of Xuyi county and Huaiyin county were zoned in. The whole county is still under the jurisdiction of Huaiyin City, Jiangsu Province.

In February 2001, after Huaiyin City was renamed as Huai'an City, Hongze County is subordinate to Huai'an City and continues to this day.

In July 2016, Hongze County was abolished and Hongze District of Huai'an City was established, with the former administrative region of Hongze County as the administrative region of Hongze district.

On October 8, 2016, Hongze District of Huai'an City was officially established.

administrative division

As of October 2014, Hongze District of Huai'an City has jurisdiction over 6 towns, 3 streets and a provincial economic development zone. The people's Government of Hongze district is located at No. 26, Dongjiu Road (now Hongzehu Avenue) of GaoLiangJian street.

geographical environment

Location context

Hongze District of Huai'an City is located at 33 ° 02 ′ - 34 ° 24 ′ N and 118 ° 28 ′ - 119 ° 10 ′ e, crossing the "two lakes" and "Three Rivers" (Huaihe River into the sea channel, Huaihe River into the river channel, Subei irrigation canal). It is located in the middle of Subei and in the lower reaches of Huaihe River. It is a part of the alluvial plain of Huaihe River. It is adjacent to Baima Lake in the East, Huai'an District, Jinhu County and Baoying County in Yangzhou City; Huaihe River channel (three rivers) in the south, adjacent to Xuyi county; Hongze Lake in the west, facing Sihong and Siyang counties in Suqian City across the lake; Subei irrigation canal in the north, bounded by Subei irrigation canal and Huaihe River channel into the sea in qingjiangpu District of Huai'an City.

topographic features

Hongze District of Huai'an City is high in the West and low in the East. The whole county spans 63 km from east to west and 38.5 km from north to south. The highest point of the county is at the top of Danshan mountain in laozishan Town, with an elevation of 51.5 meters. The lowest point is in Baimahu District, with an elevation of only 5.1 meters. Laozishan town in the southwest of Hongze Lake is a low hilly area, the middle part is Hongze Lake area, and the east part is Huanghuai alluvial plain with flat terrain. The elevation of Hongze Lake levee is 18.5 meters, which is more than 10 meters lower than the eastern plain; the bottom of the lake is shallow and flat, with an elevation of 10-11 meters in general, the lowest is about 8.5 meters, and the highest is 12 meters, which is 3-5 meters higher than the east of Hongze Lake levee. Hongze Lake is like a big fish barn on the plain, so it is also called "suspended Lake".

hydrology

The main rivers in Hongze district are: Huaihe River, Subei irrigation canal, Huaihe River channel, laosanhe River, Caoze River, ZhangFu River, Hongjin Drainage River, Xunhe River, Yanlin River, tiedui River, Xiangliang River, Huahe River, etc.

climate

Hongze District of Huai'an City is located in the middle latitude of the northern hemisphere, on the south side of the main dividing line between the north and the south of China - "Qinling Huaihe River". It is a transitional zone between the north subtropical zone and the warm temperate zone. It has the characteristics of monsoon and the climate regulated by the water body of Hongze Lake. It has four distinct seasons: cold and dry in winter, changeable in spring, hot and humid in summer, mild and sunny in autumn. The climate is mild with an average annual temperature of 14.9 ℃ and the coldest in January with an average temperature of 1.5 ℃. July is the warmest, with an average temperature of 27.2 ℃. The frost free period is long, with an annual average of 242 days. Abundant rainfall, with an average annual precipitation of 913.3 mm. The sunshine is sufficient, with an average annual sunshine of 2300 hours and a sunshine rate of 52%.

natural resources

animal

Hongze has both land and water environment and good ecological environment. The main animal types are mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, annelids, arthropods, etc. Precious animals include swan, mandarin duck, wild duck, pheasant and hedgehog.

Hongze Lake is rich in hairy crabs, crayfish and silverfish. It is known as "fighting for gold at sunrise". Hongze Lake, Baima Lake and neihe river system are also rich in more than 90 kinds of fish and shrimp, such as soft shelled turtle, long fish (yellow croaker), black fish, small yellow croaker, big green shrimp, hairy swordfish, grass carp (crucian carp), carp, clam, snail, and more than 30 kinds of aquatic plants, such as water chestnut, Euryale ferox (chicken head), lotus, lotus root, water bamboo and water celery.

Botany

Hongze is a typical water network area with many beaches and dams. The vegetation types are divided into deciduous broad-leaved forest, aquatic plants and agricultural vegetation. The typical zonal vegetation is deciduous broad-leaved forest, with 37 species of trees in 19 families, 3 species of shrubs in 3 families and 78 species of herbs. Among them, GaoLiangJian town Yuecheng neighborhood committee of a 300 year old ginkgo tree (commonly known as white fruit tree) is still growing vigorously. A hundred year old persimmon tree in Guwei village of Wanji town is growing well. In 2008, due to urban greening and afforestation, some new varieties of flowers and trees were introduced. Aquatic vegetation is mainly distributed in the beach and shallow water area around Hongze Lake and Baima Lake, which is mixed and aquatic herbaceous plant type; it is also distributed in the inner pond water area.

mineral products

Hongze is rich in mineral resources. There are oil and gas in the southeast, geothermal energy in the southwest, Glauber's salt in the northwest and salt in the northeast. Within the territory, the main metallic mineral is hematite, which is distributed in the South Bank of Caoze river east of dongshuanggou; the main non-metallic mineral is rock salt, mirabilite, natural alkali and gypsum. The rock salt deposits are mainly located in xishunhe town and the northeast of Hongze Lake. Proven rock salt ore reserves on land

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Huai An Shi Hong Ze Qu