Changshu City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Changshu Changshu City, abbreviated as Yu, is a national historical and cultural city named Changshu because of its "fertile soil, no flood and drought at all". Changshu is located in the south of the Yangtze River, known as "Jiangnan blessed land" reputation, is one of the birthplaces of Wu culture. Changshu, located in the south of Jiangsu Province, is a county-level city managed by Suzhou. Changshu is adjacent to the Yangtze River in the northeast, Taicang in the southeast, Xiangcheng District of Kunshan and Suzhou in the south, Xishan District of Jiangyin and Wuxi in the west, and Zhangjiagang in the northwest. Changshu governs 8 towns and 6 streets, covering a total area of 1264 square kilometers. It is located in the temperate zone with low-lying terrain and interweaved water network. It has a subtropical monsoon marine climate. In 2018, the permanent resident population was 1515800.

Changshu is an excellent tourist city in China, an international garden city, a national ecological city and one of the first international wetland cities in the world. Changshu Shajiabang Yushan Shanghu tourist area is a 5A tourist attraction. In 2018, the national health city (District) was reconfirmed.

Changshu is located in the forefront of China's county economy, culture, finance, commerce, exhibition and shipping center cities. Since 2019, it has been rated as one of the top 100 counties and cities for green development in China in 2019, one of the top 100 districts for new urbanization quality in China in 2019, one of the top 100 counties for business environment in China in 2019, and one of the top 10 counties for comprehensive economic competitiveness in China in 2019. On December 31, 2019, it will be selected as a typical county of rural innovation and entrepreneurship in China. In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support. In 2020, the Academy of Social Sciences released the "top 100 comprehensive competitiveness of national county economy" ranking No. 4.

Historical evolution

According to the Neolithic cultural site of qiandixiang, the earliest primitive cultural site in Changshu, excavated in 1988, it is confirmed that as early as 5000 years ago, human beings lived in the fertile soil of Changshu.

In the Xia and Shang Dynasties, Changshu was a territory of ancient Yangzhou. At the end of the Shang Dynasty (11th century BC), Taibo and Zhongyong, the sons of gugongfu, the king of the Zhou Dynasty, sent the kingdom to the south to build the ancient kingdom of Gouwu. After King Wu defeated Zhou (841 BC), Zhou Zhang, the great grandson of Zhongyong, was granted the title of king of Wu and established the state of Wu. Changshu was in the north of the state of Wu.

In 471 B.C., in the fifth year of King yuan of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Yue destroyed Wu and Changshu was subordinate to Yue. In the 36th year of Xianwang (333 BC), Chu destroyed Yue and Changshu was subordinate to Chu.

The Qin Dynasty unified China and implemented the county system. Changshu belongs to Wuxian County, Kuaiji county.

In the pre Yuan period (156-150 B.C.) of emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty, Yu township was established for the first time in Changshu, still under the jurisdiction of Wu County, Kuaiji Prefecture.

In the fourth year of Yongjian in the Eastern Han Dynasty (129), another Wujun was set up in the west of Zhejiang Province, and Yu township was subordinate to Wuxian county. At that time, Nansha township was added in Changshu region, and the Department of Siyan Duwei was set up in the township, which was the first time to set up the official administration in Changshu regional history.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, Yu Township and Nansha Township belonged to Wu County, Wu County of Dongwu.

In 283, the fourth year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty, Haiyu county was established by dividing Yuxiang in Wuxian county. Subordinate to Wujun, this is the beginning of Changshu county.

In the early years of the Yuan emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317), Tan county, Qu county and Licheng county were set up by the overseas Chinese in the north of Haiyu County, which was called the South Donghai County. In 341, Nansha township was promoted to Nansha county. At that time, Changshu coexisted with Haiyu and Nansha counties.

In the southern and Northern Dynasties, in the first year of Yongtai (498), Haiyang county was set up in the north of Haiyu County, which was subordinate to Jinling county. In 540, Changshu county was set up in Nansha, and nanshacheng (now Fushan) was set up in the county government, which is the beginning of the name of Changshu county. Changshu is named after "the soil is rich, and there is no flood and drought at the age of one year", "although there is a big flood and drought in the original Xi, it can not be regarded as a disaster, so one can be born at the age of one year".

Liang Tianjian six years (507), believe Yi County, county governance Nansha. Nansha was renamed Changshu because of its fertile land and bumper harvest every year.

In 581, Xinyi county was abolished and its five counties, including Haiyang, Qianjing, Xinyi, Haiyu and Xingguo, were merged into Changshu. The county government was set up in the former nanshacheng. In the ninth year of kaihuang (589), Jinling county was abolished, Changshu was promoted and Changzhou was built.

Changshu's administrative division began in the Tang Dynasty. "Wu Di Ji" said: Changshu "Guan Xiang 24", and later set "Changshu county 12 capital". In the seventh year of Wude (624), Changshu county was moved to Haiyu City, which is now Yushan Town, under the jurisdiction of Wu County.

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Changshu belonged to the state of Wu and Yue.

In Song Dynasty, Changshu belonged to Pingjiang Prefecture of Liangzhe road. Changshu has nine townships, and the countryside has capitals, villages and villages.

In the first year of Yuanzhen in the Yuan Dynasty (1295), Changshu county was promoted to Changshu state, which was subordinate to Pingjiang road. In Yuan Dynasty, Li was changed to Tu.

In the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369), it was demoted to a county and subordinate to Suzhou government.

In 1726, Zhaowen county was set up in the east of Changshu county. In the middle of Qing Dynasty, Yixiang was the place where the capital and the map were unified. In 1860, the Taiping army occupied Changshu and Zhaowen. Both counties belonged to Sufu province. In the first year of tongzhi (1862), Taiping army retreated, and the two counties were still subordinate to Suzhou government. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Changshu was divided into four cities and 31 townships.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1911), the revolution of 1911 broke out. In November, Changshu and Zhaowen counties merged into Changshu county. In 1929, the system of district and township was implemented below the county level. In the 23rd year of the Republic of China, the Baojia system was implemented in rural areas. During this period, the division of districts and townships was changed several times.

Changshu was liberated on April 27, 1949. In May of the same year, Changshu City was divided into Changshu City and Changshu county.

In 1951, Changshu City was subordinate to the Suzhou special district of the people's Administrative Office of Southern Jiangsu.

In November 1954, Changshu was promoted to a city under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province. In 1957, the district was withdrawn, and the township was directly under the jurisdiction of the county.

In April 1958, Changshu City was withdrawn and still unified as Changshu county. In 1958, townships established people's communes and implemented the system of integrating government and society. In 1961, 14 communes and Changyinsha farm were assigned to Shazhou county (now Zhangjiagang City).

In March 1983, Changshu was established as a county-level city. In 1983, the government and society were separated, and the township system was still established, with administrative villages below the township level. Changshu was established as a city with 33 townships and 3 farms. In October 1985, after the township was removed from Fushan and built into a town, each township was transformed into a town one after another.

administrative division

By the end of 2017, Changshu had 8 towns and 6 streets, including Meili Town, Haiyu Town, Guli Town, Shajiabang Town, Zhitang Town, DONGBANG Town, Shanghu town and Xinzhuang Town. Yushan street, Qinchuan street, Mocheng street, Changfu street, Dongnan street, Bixi New District (street). Changshu Municipal People's government is located at 8 Jinshajiang Road, Yushan street.

geographical environment

Location context

Changshu City is located in the southeast of Jiangsu Province and the hinterland of Yangtze River Delta. Its geographical coordinates are between 120 ° 33 ′ - 121 ° 03 ′ E and 31 ° 33 ′ - 31 ° 50 ′ n. It is adjacent to Taicang in the East, 100 kilometers away from Shanghai; Kunshan and Suzhou in the South; Wuxi and Jiangyin in the West; the golden waterway of the Yangtze River in the northeast, across the river from Nantong; and Zhangjiagang in the northwest. The longest distance between East and West is 49 km, and the longest distance between North and south is 37 km. The total area is 1264 square kilometers.

topographic features

Changshu City is low and flat, water network interweaved, mostly between 3-7 meters above sea level. The southern part of the region is low-lying, belonging to Taihu Lake Water Network Plain, and the lowest is 2.5m in some parts; the northwestern and northeastern parts are slightly higher, belonging to the Yangtze River alluvial plain. The main hills in the territory are Yushan, Gushan, Fushan, etc. Among them, Yushan is the most, with an altitude of 263 meters and a ridge of 6400 meters.

climate

Changshu is located in temperate zone with subtropical monsoon marine climate. It has four distinct seasons, mild climate and abundant rainfall. In 2015, the average temperature was 16.9 degrees, and the annual extreme maximum temperature was 38.3 degrees, which appeared on August 3; the annual extreme minimum temperature was - 3.3 degrees, which appeared on January 2. The annual precipitation is 1615.3 mm, which is the largest since the establishment of Changshu station, 479.7 mm more than the average over the years (the average over the years is 1135.6 mm). In 2015, the number of plum blossoms was normal, the number of plum blossoms was slightly late, the length of plum blossoms was 28 days, and the amount of plum rains was 614 mm. The annual sunshine hours were 1711.3 hours, 102.6 hours less than the average over the years (the average over the years was 1813.9 hours), and the annual sunshine percentage was 39%.

hydrology

Changshu's water network is intertwined, and all rivers and lakes belong to Taihu Lake system. Its distribution is radial to the four townships with the urban area as the axis. It is dense in the southeast, sparse in the northwest, small rivers and smooth flow. The main rivers are Yuhe, baimaotang, changhuhe, yuanhetang, Zhangjiagang, yantietang, gengjingtang, and the lakes are Kuncheng lake, Shanghu Lake, nanhudang, etc.

Wangyu River

Wangyu is one of the main flood discharge channels in Taihu Lake Basin, and the backbone flood discharge channel connecting Taihu Lake and Yangtze River Basin, starting from Shatun port at the junction of Suzhou high tech Zone and Wuzhong District in the South and ending at Gengjing estuary in Changshu in the north. All in Jiangsu Province, with a total length of 60.8 km.

Changhu River

Changhu river is the main drainage channel of Yangcheng area in the lower reaches of Taihu Lake Basin, and it is also an important water transportation channel in Changshu area. It undertakes the heavy responsibility of drainage and irrigation of 300000 mu of farmland along Yangcheng area.

Kuncheng Lake

Kuncheng lake, also known as East Lake, is 6 kilometers long from north to South and 3-4 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 18.3 square kilometers. It is the largest freshwater lake in Changshu and the largest freshwater fish farm.

Shanghu

Known as "Shanghu bay" by local people, it was built in early 1986, near the mountain and pregnant lake.

natural resources

Biological resources

There are more than 200 kinds of wild plant resources in Changshu, including arbor, shrub, medicinal material, grass, mushroom and so on. The main wild arbors are Pterocarpus tinctorius and Zhezhi

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