Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province

Jiangning District Jiangning District is located in the southeast of Nanjing city. It is one of the eight districts in the main city of Nanjing. It is an important national science and education center and innovation base. It is an advanced manufacturing base, transportation and logistics hub and airport hub in the eastern region of China. Jiangning District encircles the main city of Nanjing from east to west and south. The aviation, transportation, railway and highway transportation systems converge. It is an important hub for Nanjing's external communication.

Jiangning District is a place of "luxury of Six Dynasties" and an important place of "capital of ten dynasties". It is also the mother County of Nanjing city with Shangyuan county. It has the reputation of "Shangyuan people are good at business, Jiangning people are good at farmland, Longdu people are good at medicine, bridge people are good at pottery, Taowu people are good at jueyou, moling people are good at weaving, Dou village people are good at carving" and "the best place in the country".

Jiangning District is known as "Six Mountains, one water and three Plains". There are many scenic spots, such as Niushou mountain cultural tourist area, Tangshan hot spring tourist resort, Fangshan scenic area, Yangshan stele, two tombs of Southern Tang Dynasty, Yangliu village ancient buildings, she village Ming Qing Dynasty buildings. Among them, Tangshan hot spring tourist resort ranks first among China's four major recuperation hot springs and is one of the first batch of national tourist resorts.

By 2019, Jiangning District has 10 streets, 129 communities and 72 villages, with a total area of 1561 square kilometers, a GDP of 237.141 billion yuan and a permanent resident population of 1.3473 million.

Historical evolution

In history, there are only 40 names built above county level in Jiangning. "Jiangning" is not only the name of the county, but also the name of the county or government. The name of Jiangning was first used in the second year of Jin Taikang (281), and it has been 1728 years since 2009. In Jiangning, there are frequent changes in construction, complex and changeable evolution, or the coexistence of several counties, or Hou state and counties in the same column, or one county in charge, or two counties in the same city. According to the records of Wu Taibo family in historical records, before the Zhou Dynasty, Jiangning now belongs to the land of jingman.

In the spring and Autumn period, Jiangning belonged to the state of Wu. In the early Warring States period, it was under the jurisdiction of Yue.

In the 36th year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (333 BC), it was under the jurisdiction of Jinling.

In the 37th year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (210 BC), moling County, Danyang county and Jiangcheng County were set up to abolish Jinling City, which belong to Kuaiji county.

In the first year of Yuanshuo in the Western Han Dynasty (128 BC), Jiangning was called Jiangdu state, which was divided into moling, Hushu and Danyang. In the second year of Yuanshou (121 BC), Jiangdu state was abandoned, and counties such as funmoling, Jiangcheng, Hushu and Danyang were all Zhangjun. In the second year of Yuanfeng (109 BC), Zhang county was changed into Danyang county. Xinpeng, the first year of Tianfeng (14 years), more Danyang County for xuanting County, moling County for xuanting County, Jiangcheng County for Xiangwu county. In the first year of Liu Xuan's reform (23 years), the old names of prefectures and counties were restored. At the end of Han Dynasty, in 212, Sun Quan built the stone city at the former site of Jinling town of Chu, changed moling county to Jianye County, and moved its governing place from moling pass to stone city; at the same time, he abandoned Hushu and Jiangcheng counties and set up diannongduwei to govern.

In the first year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (280), moling county was rebuilt as Yiye county. Hushu and Jiangcheng counties were restored. Linjiang county was set up in the southwest of moling. The next year (281), Linjiang county was changed to Jiangning County. The name of Jiangning County appeared for the first time in history, and the county government was in the present Jiangning street. In 282, huaishui was divided into Jianye in the north and moling in the south. Hushu and Jiangcheng counties were restored. In the first year of Jianxing (313), Jianye county was changed into Jiankang county.

In the first year of Jianwu (317) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, emperor yuan of the Jin Dynasty established the capital of Jiankang. At that time, in addition to the original counties of Jiangning, moling, Danyang and Hushu, they still belonged to Danyang county. In addition, they successively set up overseas Chinese counties such as Linyi, Yangdu, Huaide, Feixiang, Bolu and Tangyi to accommodate the gentry and civilians from the north to the south.

In the Southern Dynasty, song, Qi, Liang and Chen successively established their capitals in Jiankang. Jiangning, moling, Jiankang, Danyang and Hushu counties belong to Danyang county. In 502, Nanliang Tianjian was divided into moling county and Xiaxian county. In 578, Jianxing county was established in Danyang county. Jiangning, moling and Jiankang counties belong to Danyang county. Hushu, Jiangcheng and Tongxia counties belong to Jianxing county.

In 589, Jiankang, moling and Tongxia counties were merged into Jiangning County, belonging to Jiangzhou. In the third year of Daye of Sui Dynasty (607), Jiangzhou was abolished and Danyang county was restored. Jiangning County belonged to Danyang county.

In 620, Jiangning County was renamed Guihua County, which belonged to Yangzhou county with Danyang and Anye counties. In the eighth year of Wude (625), Anye was naturalized and changed to Jinling. In the ninth year of Wude (626), Jinling county was renamed Baixia County, belonging to Runzhou. Danyang county belongs to Xuanzhou. In 635, Baixia county was renamed Jiangning County. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Jiangning County belonged to Danyang county. In the second year of Zhide (757), Jiangning County was established as Jiangning County, and Jiangning County was abolished. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Jiangning County was changed into Shengzhou, and fujiangning county was Shengzhou. In the second year of Shangyuan (761), Jiangning County changed its name to Shangyuan County, taking the name of Shangyuan as the county name, belonging to Runzhou. Guangqi three years (887), Shangyuan county is Shengzhou.

During the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, in 915, Yang Wu Tianyou built the governor's office of Shengzhou and governed Shangyuan county. In the 14th year of Tianyou (917), Jiangning County was reestablished from the southern 19 townships of Shangyuan county and the northern 2 townships of Dangtu County. Since then, Jiangning and Shangyuan counties have been governed by the same city. In the second year of Wuyi (920), it was upgraded to Jinling Prefecture, governing Jiangning and Shangyuan counties. In 937, the capital of Jinling was established. Change Jinling mansion to Jiangning mansion. Jiangning and Shangyuan belong to Jiangning Prefecture.

In the eighth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (975), Jiangning Prefecture was changed into Shengzhou Prefecture, which governed Jiangning and Shangyuan counties. In the second year of Tianxi (1018), Jiangning Prefecture was restored, governing Jiangning and Shangyuan counties. In the third year of Jianyan (1129), Jiangning Prefecture was changed into Jiankang Prefecture, which governed Jiangning and Shangyuan counties.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the 14th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1277), Jiankang Fu was promoted to Jiankang Road, which governed Jiangning, Shangyuan and other counties. In the second year of Tianli (1329), Kang Road was rebuilt as Jiqing Road, governing Jiangning, Shangyuan and other counties. In the 16th year of Zhizheng (1356), Zhu Yuanzhang changed Jiqing road to yingtianfu, which governed Jiangning, Shangyuan and other counties.

In the first year of Hongwu (1368) of Ming Dynasty, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty established the capital yingtianfu, which was regarded as Nanjing. Jiangning and Shangyuan counties belong to yingtianfu and yiguojing counties. In 1378, Nanjing was renamed the capital. Jiangning and Shangyuan were still governed by the capital.

In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), Nanjing was changed to Jiangnan Province, Yingtian prefecture to Jiangning Prefecture, governing Jiangning and Shangyuan counties, and Jiangning and Shangyuan counties to Yiguo counties. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), the capital of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Jiangning Prefecture, was renamed "Tianjing". Tongzhi three years (1864), again known as Jiangning House, jurisdiction Jiangning, Shangyuan and other counties.

On January 1, 1912, the provisional government of the Republic of China established Jiangning Prefecture as its capital, changed Jiangning Prefecture into Nanjing Prefecture, and abolished Jiangning and Shangyuan counties. The next year, Nanjing government was abolished and Jiangning County was established. Nanjing special city was established in 1927. On February 10, 1933, Jiangning autonomous experimental county was established and directly under the Jiangsu provincial government. In 1934, the county government moved from Nanjing city to Dongshan Town, Jiangning County, and separated from Nanjing city. In 1938, the Anti Japanese democratic regimes in Jiangning, Hengshan and Shangyuan counties were established. During this period, Wang established a puppet "county government" in Dongshan Town.

On April 24, 1949, Jiangning County was liberated. On April 28, the people's Government of Jiangning County was established. After October 1, Jiangning County was divided into Zhenjiang District, Nanjing City in July 1958, Zhenjiang District in May 1962, and Nanjing City in March 1971.

In December 2000, with the approval of the State Council, Jiangning County was abolished and Jiangning District of Nanjing city was established.

administrative division

By the end of 2017, Jiangning District had 10 streets, 129 communities and 72 villages. The district government is located at 369 Shangyuan street, Dongshan street.

geographical environment

Location context

Jiangning District is located in the central and southern part of Nanjing City, between 31 ° 37 ′ - 32 ° 07 ′ N and 118 ° 28 ′ - 119 ° 06 ′ e, with a total area of 1561 square kilometers and a water area of 186 square kilometers. It borders Qixia District and Jurong City in the East, Lishui District in the southeast, Dangtu County and Maanshan City in Anhui Province in the South and southwest, Yuhuatai District and Qinhuai District in the north and northeast.

landforms

The geological conditions in Jiangning District are very complex. The normal landforms include low mountains, hills, hills, plains and basins, of which the area of hills and hills is the largest. The terrain is high in the north and South and low in the middle, which is similar to "saddle". There are 400 large and small hills in the territory. The main peaks are Qinglong mountain, Huanglong Mountain, Tangshan mountain and Kongshan mountain in the northeast, with an altitude of about 300 meters, which is the main part of Ningzhen mountain range; Hengshan Mountain, Yuntai Mountain, Tianma mountain and yingzi mountain in the southwest, with an altitude of 250 meters to 350 meters, which is mostly the afterblood of Maoshan mountain; Niushou mountain and Fangshan Mountain in the middle, with an altitude of 200 meters to 243 meters.

The terrain of Jiangning District is saddle shaped, with high at both ends and low in the middle. The terrain is open, with beautiful mountains and rivers. The mountain height is below 400 meters above sea level (all the elevation below refers to high altitude), which is a typical hilly and plain landform. The normal terrain includes low mountains, hills, hills, plains, etc., with many rivers and reservoirs scattered among them.

Loess hilly land: loess hilly land is mainly distributed between the north and South Hills, covering an area of about 81610 hectares. The terrain is residual hill and gentle hillock, and the surface of hillock fluctuates significantly, with a height of 10-40 meters. Its length and width vary from 1 to several kilometers, almost covered by Quaternary yellow clay, commonly known as loess hillock. The top of the hill is gentle, and the terraces between the hills are distributed. From top to bottom, the field surface gradually increases into a fan shape.

Plain along the river: along the Qinhuai River, Qixiang River, Jiuxiang River and the Yangtze River

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Nan Jing Shi Jiang Ning Qu