Liangcheng County, Wulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Liangcheng County is located between 40 ° 29 ′ - 40 ° 32 ′ N and 112 ° 28 ′ - 112 ° 30 ′ E. It is located at the southern foot of Yinshan Mountain, the foot of the Great Wall, the northeast edge of the Loess Plateau, the central and southern part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the south of Ulanqab city. It is adjacent to Fengzhen City in the East, Zuoyun County and Youyu County in Shanxi Province in the south, Zhuozi County in the north, and Huhhot city and Helingeer County in the West. It is 100km away from the capital Hohhot in the west, 110km away from Datong in the south, 90km away from Ulanqab in the north and 400km away from Beijing in the East.

On April 18, 2019, the people's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region decided to withdraw Liangcheng County from the poverty-stricken banner county sequence.

Historical evolution

Liangcheng County has a long history. As early as 6000 years ago, it was an important area for nomadic activities in the north.

According to legend, it belonged to Zhao state in the Warring States period and Yanmen County in Qin Dynasty.

The county was established in the Western Han Dynasty and named Woyang because of the water flowing through the city (today's Gongba River).

Liangcheng County was set up in the Northern Wei Dynasty, with jurisdiction over the two counties of Shenhe and Xuanhong. Liao set up Tiancheng and Xuande counties. The Jin and Yuan Dynasties were renamed Xuanning county.

Xuandewei county was set up in the Ming Dynasty, which was outside the border of Datong.

Ningyuan hall was set up in Qing Dynasty, which was under the jurisdiction of shuoping mansion. In 1911, Ningyuan county was established.

In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), because "Ningyuan" had the same name as other provinces and counties, it was renamed Liangcheng County after the old name of the Northern Wei Dynasty. It was under the jurisdiction of Chahar special district and was located in today's Yongxing Town.

In 1929, it was transferred to Suiyuan province. After the liberation of Liangcheng County in 1948, it was moved to Xintang (today's Daihai town). It was successively under the jurisdiction of Helin, Jining Commissioner's office and Pingdiquan administrative region. From 1958 to August 2004, it belonged to Ulanqab League. From September 2004 to now, it belongs to Ulanqab city.

administrative division

By the end of 2013, Liangcheng County had jurisdiction over 6 towns (Hongmao Town, Daihai Town, maihutu Town, liusumu Town, Yongxing Town and Manhan town), 2 townships (Tiancheng Township and caominan Manchu Township), 1 Office (Daihai tourist area office), 132 villagers' committees and 9 residents' committees.

geographical environment

Location context

Liangcheng County is located between 112 ° 02 ′ - 113 ° 02 ′ E and 40 ° 10 ′ - 40 ° 50 ′ n, at the south foot of Yinshan Mountain and the northeast edge of Loess Plateau. It is located in the south central of Inner Mongolia and the south of Ulanqab city. It is the center of the border zone of Mongolia, Shanxi and Hebei provinces. It is adjacent to Fengzhen City in the East, Zuoyun County and Youyu County in Shanxi Province in the south, Zhuozi County in the north, Hohhot City in the West At the border of Helin county.

topographic features

The overall terrain features are surrounded by mountains and Zhonghuai tanchuan (basin). The altitude of Liangcheng County ranges from 2305 to 1158 meters. In the north of Liangcheng County is manhanshan mountain system, with narrow and steep mountains and the highest peak altitude of 2305 meters. In the south of Liangcheng County is Matoushan mountain system, with wide and gentle mountains and the highest peak altitude of 2042 meters. The average altitude of Liangcheng County is 1731.5 meters. Mountainous area is 1654.2 square kilometers, accounting for 47.83% of the total area; hilly area is 811.2 square kilometers, accounting for 23.46% of the total area; basin area is 827.6 square kilometers, accounting for 23.93% of the total area; water area is 165.3 square kilometers, accounting for 4.78% of the total area; known as "seven mountains, one water, two beaches".

climate

It is a semi-arid continental monsoon climate in the middle temperate zone, with an annual average temperature of 2-5 ℃; the annual extreme minimum temperature is - 34.3 ℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 39.3 ℃. January is the coldest with an average temperature of - 13 ℃, and July is the hottest with an average temperature of 20.5 ℃.

The average frost free period is about 120 days, including 109-125 days in beach area, the first frost from September 14 to September 20, and the last frost from May 17 to May 27. The frost free period in hilly area is 77-109 days, the first frost is from September 2 to September 14, and the last frost is from May 27 to June 16. The annual average daily temperature is above 0 ℃ for 193 days. The annual average sunshine hours are more than 3026 hours, and the effective accumulated temperature is 2600 ℃.

The precipitation is mainly concentrated in July and August. According to the analysis of precipitation data from 1960 to 1998, the average annual precipitation of Liangcheng County is 392.37 mm, the average annual evaporation is 1938 mm, the evaporation is 4.94 times of the precipitation, and the average annual humidity coefficient is 0.37. The maximum precipitation (1967) was 621.3 mm, and the minimum precipitation (1965) was 216.13 mm.

natural resources

water resource

Liangcheng County water system is relatively developed, a total of more than 300 large and small ditches, belonging to the Yellow River, Daihai, Yongding River three basins. Liangcheng County has 230 million cubic meters of water resources, including 130 million cubic meters of surface water resources and 100 million cubic meters of groundwater resources, with good water quality. Especially in the plain area of Daihai basin, which accounts for 85% of the groundwater resources in Liangcheng County, is the most abundant area of groundwater resources.

mineral resources

In 2013, there are 41 proven mineral deposits and more than 20 kinds of minerals in Liangcheng County, mainly distributed in the mountainous areas on both sides of Daihai basin. Metal deposits mainly include iron, copper, gold, silver, niobium and molybdenum (market economic benefit is 300000 yuan / ton). Among them, the iron reserves are relatively large. The Laohugou iron mine mining and iron powder processing project can mine and process 100000 tons of iron powder annually. The non-metallic mineral deposits mainly include granite, graphite, China blue, basalt, muscovite, garnet, marble, silica, brick clay, building stone, geothermal energy, etc., including granite, garnet, graphite, brick clay, building stone, etc Stone, geothermal and other resources are abundant. The reserves of granite, Moyu, garnet and building stone are about 630000 cubic meters, 16000 cubic meters, 5 million tons and 3.37 million cubic meters respectively.

land resource

Liangcheng County has 960000 mu of cultivated land, including 256000 mu of irrigated land (including 100000 mu of water-saving irrigation area), accounting for 26.7% of the total cultivated land; 704000 mu of dry land, accounting for 73.3% of the total cultivated land (including 180000 mu of gouwan land); 3.99 mu of cultivated land per capita; 1.46 million mu of forest land; 1.4 million mu of grassland; 61.8% of forest and grass coverage, 31.06% of forest coverage, ranking first in Ulanqab city A bit.

Animal resources

There are more than 210 kinds of wild animals (including wild birds) in Liangcheng County, including black stork, white spoonbill, big swan, warty nose swan, kite, goshawk, white tailed Harrier, white headed Harrier, red footed falcon, yellow clawed falcon, kestrel, grey crane and flower headed bunting, There are five species listed in the Red Book of endangered animals in China, namely, the endangered black stork, the vulnerable white spoonbill, the swan, the swan with warty nose, and the undetermined black tailed Sandpiper. The above birds mainly inhabit in Daihai and the major reservoirs. In addition, a large number of migratory birds such as geese and swans live in Daihai and Shimen reservoirs, Yongxing lake and gongbahe reservoirs every spring and winter. The main habitat of hawks is in the open forest cliffs of Manhan mountain and Matou Mountain.

Population nationality

population

In 2013, Liangcheng County had a total population of 249000, a permanent resident population of 168000 and a floating population of 36000, with a gender ratio of 117:100. The registered residence population of Liangcheng is 210 thousand, the real resident population is 172 thousand, and the population of the town (DAI HAI town) registered residence is 38 thousand, the resident population is 79 thousand, and the floating population is 41 thousand.

nation

Liangcheng County is inhabited by Han, Mongolian, Hui, Manchu, Korean, Daur, Russian, Bai, Li, Xibe, Uygur, Zhuang, Ewenki, Olunchun and other nationalities.

Common language

The official languages of Liangcheng County are Mandarin and Mongolian, which are used in formal occasions.

However, the language used in daily life in Liangcheng County is Jin language, belonging to Jin Wulanchabu dialect.

Economics

overview

In 2012, Liangcheng County achieved a GDP of 7.449 billion yuan, an increase of 9% at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1.589 billion yuan, an increase of 7.3%; the added value of the secondary industry was 4.045 billion yuan, an increase of 11.8%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 1.815 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8%. The contribution rate of primary industry to economic growth is 29%, the contribution rate of secondary industry to economic growth is 42%, and the contribution rate of tertiary industry to economic growth is 29%. The per capita GDP reached 30343 yuan, an increase of 10.3%. The proportion of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in GDP of Liangcheng County is 21:54:25.

primary industry

In 2012, the total sown area of crops in Liangcheng County was about 960000 mu, and the planting areas of sugar beet, corn and potato were 53000 mu, 380000 Mu and 300000 Mu respectively, accounting for 5.5%, 40% and 31% of the total sown area; the planting area of economic crops was 140000 Mu, accounting for 15% of the total sown area. It is estimated that Liangcheng County's grain output will reach 450 million jin, a year-on-year increase of 7.1%. Among them: 269 tons of wheat, 157162 tons of corn, 3260 tons of soybean, 6307 tons of oil, 185437 tons of sugar. There are 67000 cows, 550000 sheep and 32544 pigs. The total output of meat is 28756 tons, including 8570 tons of pork. The output of milk is 122237 tons, and that of eggs is 930 tons. There are 295000 basic livestock, 98% improved breeds and 920000 mutton sheep.

In 2012, the afforestation area was 781000 hectares. annual

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu Wu Lan Cha Bu Shi Liang Cheng Xian