Linkou County, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province

Linkou County, subordinate to Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, is located in the east of Heilongjiang Province. It is 120 km away from Mudanjiang City and less than 100 km away from Qitaihe City and Jixi City. It is the hub connecting the three cities. It is the frontier hinterland of Suifenhe, Dongning, Mishan, Hulin and other trade ports with Russia.

Linkou county was inhabited more than 6000 years ago. It was called Sushen before the Han Dynasty. It was under the jurisdiction of Heishui dudufu in the early Tang Dynasty, and later under the jurisdiction of Bohai State. Founded in 1939, the county is one of the first-class revolutionary base counties in China. There are the famous heroic deeds of "eight women throwing themselves into the river" and the ruins of the Northeast Anti Japanese League. It is the hometown of Chinese calligraphy and folk art. Calligraphy, comic books, oil painting, ice and snow painting and silkworm wing embroidery are well-known throughout the country.

Evolution of organizational system

Linkou area was under the jurisdiction of the vice capitals of the three surnames in the Qing Dynasty. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, it was located at the Xiakou where the dense forest Laoyeling and zhangguangcai mountains meet, so it was called "the mouth of the forest", and formed the linzikou small village (namely zhongliangzi).

In 1936, the puppet Manchukuo built the Tujia railway line and set up a railway station here, named "Linkou station", which was named "Linkou". After the construction of Lin Mi railway, Linkou became an important transportation hub.

On June 1, 1939, the puppet Manchu government decided to set up Linkou County in Boli County, Mishan county and Muling county. The puppet County Office was located in Linkou street, which was subordinate to Dong'an province.

In October 1943, it was transferred to the East Manchurian general Province, and in May 1945, it was transferred to the East Manchurian province.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, it was put under the jurisdiction of Hejiang province.

In April 1946, it was under the jurisdiction of Suining province. In May of the same year, Suining province decided to merge Linkou county with Wuhe forest region of Mudanjiang city to establish Wulin county. On May 17, Wulin County seal was opened, and the county government was stationed in wuhelin (now Wulin town), which is subordinate to Suining province. In October of the same year, it was transferred to Mudanjiang district.

In February 1947, Linkou county was set up from Wulin County, which was under the jurisdiction of Hejiang province. In October of the same year, it was under the jurisdiction of Mudanjiang province.

In July 1948, it was transferred back to Hejiang province.

In January 1949, Diaoling county was abolished and merged into Linkou county. In May of the same year, Hejiang province was abolished and put under the jurisdiction of Songjiang province. In August 1954, the two provinces were merged into Heilongjiang Province, which was directly under the central government of Heilongjiang Province.

In March 1956, all the four districts of Wulin, zhujiagou, erdaohe and Liuhe in the former Hailin county and most of Chaihe district were assigned to Linkou county. At the same time, Linkou county was assigned to the newly established Mudanjiang district.

In January 1957, Mashan and xidapo townships were assigned to Jixi City.

In October 1962, Chaihe, erdaohezi and sandaohezi communes were put under the jurisdiction of the newly restored Hailin county.

On September 29, 1983, the city governing the county leadership system was implemented. Mudanjiang district was abolished and Mudanjiang city was replaced.

administrative division

In 1992, Linkou county had jurisdiction over 16 townships and towns.

In 2005, Linkou County governed 12 townships, including 9 established townships, 3 townships and 200 administrative villages.

In 2010, Wulin town was under the jurisdiction of Yangming District of Mudanjiang city. Linkou County governs 9 towns and 2 townships: Linkou Town, Gucheng Town, Diaoling Town, Zhujia Town, Liushu Town, SANDAOTONG Town, Longzhao Town, Lianhua Town, Qingshan Town, Kuishan town and Jiantang town. Linkou town is the seat of the CPC Linkou County Committee and the people's Government of Linkou County, and the CPC Linkou Town Committee and the people's Government of Linkou town. It is the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the county.

In August 2016, Jiantang Township, Linkou County, Mudanjiang city was removed from township to town. The administrative region of Jiantang township was the administrative region of Jiantang town. The original subordinate relationship and the location of the government remained unchanged, and the town government was stationed in Dongxing village.

geographical environment

Location context

Linkou county is located between 44 degrees 40 to 45 degrees 58 north latitude and 129 degrees 17 to 130 degrees 45 east longitude. It is located in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province, the north of Mudanjiang City, and the junction of zhangguangcailing, Laoyeling and Wanda Mountains. It is adjacent to Jidong county and Jixi City in the East, fangzheng county and Hailin City in the west, Mudanjiang City and Muling City in the south, Yilan County and Boli County in the north, with a total area of 6638 square kilometers.

terrain

Most of Linkou county is a mountainous area with many mountains, dense forests and rivers. The terrain is high around, low in the middle, steep in the West and gentle in the East. Dazonggangzi mountain in the west is 1357 meters above sea level, the highest point in the county. In the East, Dachu mountain is the watershed, which is divided into South and north parts.

hydrology

There are two water systems of Mudanjiang River and Muling River in the county, with 104 main rivers in total.

In the south, there is Wulin River, with a total length of 52.1 km, which originates from the southern foot of Dachu mountain and flows through Zhujia, Liushu and Wulin towns before flowing into Mudanjiang; in the north, there is wusihun River, with a total length of 141.12 km, which originates from the northern foot of Dachu mountain and flows through Longzhao, Linkou, Gucheng, Jiantang and Diaoling towns before flowing into Mudanjiang. Mudanjiang flows through Lianhua, SANDAOTONG and Diaoling towns in the northwest of the county, and then flows into Songhua River. The river section is 64.8 km.

climate

Linkou county is a cold temperate continental monsoon climate, under the control of westerly circulation, with distinct seasons. Spring and autumn is short, climate is changeable; summer is warm and rainy; winter is long, cold and dry. Because the whole county belongs to low and medium mountains and hills, the terrain is complex, and the local microclimate in mountainous area is obvious. The county heat, water, sunshine and other climatic conditions. The valley plain area in the lower reaches of Mudanjiang River and wusihun river has higher heat, more rainfall and long frost free period. In the middle and low mountain area, the climate is poor.

natural resources

land resource

At the end of 2005, the total land area of Linkou county was 718473 hectares, including 679706 hectares of agricultural land, 14116 hectares of construction land and 24650 hectares of other land.

According to the second land survey results of Linkou County, by the end of 2009, the total land area of Linkou county was 712905 hectares, including 672625 hectares of agricultural land, 15033 hectares of construction land and 25247 hectares of other land.

water resource

As of 1998, the total amount of water resources in the county is 1718.192 million cubic meters, the water per capita is 4066 cubic meters, the water per mu of cultivated land is 680 cubic meters, the water energy reserve is 81940.3 kilowatts (excluding Mudanjiang), and the actual exploitable capacity is 24582 kilowatts. The water quality is suitable for drinking and irrigation except that the ions in the middle and northeast parts of the county exceed the standard and the water quality is hard. In drinking water, 75% is good.

Surface water, including 104 main rivers, 64 large bubble marshes and 15 medium and small reservoirs. The net water area is 88073.9 mu. The average annual precipitation of the county is 530.3 mm. The annual average runoff depth of surface water is 160mm, the annual average total runoff is 1475.602 million cubic meters, the annual average flow is 47108 cubic meters per second; the guarantee rate is 80%, the annual average flow is 25641 cubic meters per second, and the flow in dry season is 17226 cubic meters per second.

The groundwater is basically a double-layer water bearing rock group composed of Quaternary and tertiary confined water, mainly distributed in the West and middle of the county. The static storage of groundwater is 19822973000 cubic meters, the annual exploitation is 242.59 million cubic meters, and the annual recharge is 699.168 million cubic meters.

mineral resources

Linkou county is rich in mineral resources due to its complex geological structure and mineral veins. 39 kinds of minerals were found in the county, 146 kinds of mineral fields (including mineralization points) were found, of which 60 were above the census level. The discovered minerals are divided into three categories: metallic minerals, non-metallic minerals and energy minerals. There are not only general metals, but also precious metals and rare metals in metal minerals. Among the non-metallic minerals, building material minerals are the most widely distributed, with many varieties, large quantity and good quality. The main energy mineral is coal, with large reserves and wide distribution.

wild animal

In the vast forest sea of Linkou County, there are many kinds of wild animals. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, there was a saying that "beating roe deer, scooping fish, and pheasant flying into the rice pot" in the county.

Among the mammals, there are Siberian tiger, leopard, sika deer, red deer, fox, sable, lynx, roe deer, badger, black bear, wild boar, mountain rabbit, otter, wolf, raccoon dog, hedgehog, squirrel, weasel, etc.; birds include Pheasant (pheasant), wild duck, sparrow, magpie, sandgrouse, quail, woodpecker, owl, turtledove, skylark, lark, bailing, Heron (old, etc.), eagle, tea bellied owl Su que, Yan, etc. There are few wild animals and birds, and most of them are listed in the scope of forbidden hunting.

There are reptiles, fish and insects in the wild animals. There are 34 species of common fishes in 9 families, among which 21 species of Cyprinidae are of high economic value. Changchun bream (bream flower), mandarin fish (mandarin fish), Jihua, Yaluo, Zhero, huluo, Megalobrama amblycephala (Farrow) and Tongluo, known as "three flowers and five Luo", belong to the local rare fish as well as salmon, mackerel, sturgeon and turtle. The relatively large output is crucian carp, silver carp, carp, catfish, snake hook (chuandingzi), fish (liugenzi), grass carp, banhuang, pond trout (laotouyu), etc.

Wild plant

There are Korean pine, white pine, Scotch pine, larch, spruce, fir, walnut, Fraxinus mandshurica, elm, poplar, birch, Tilia amurensis, oak, mulberry and many other species. Among them, Korean pine, walnut, yellow pineapple, Fraxinus mandshurica are precious species with high economic and practical value; spruce and fir are rare natural protection species.

Grasses include Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum camphora, five flower grass, Wula grass, reed, etc.

Wild fruits include Vitis amurensis, Sorbus, Prunus armeniaca, Litsea cubeba, walnut, hazelnut, etc