Fengzhen City, Wulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Fengzhen Fengzhen City is located in the central and southern part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, at the junction of Hebei Province, Shanxi Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is the South Gate of the autonomous region and is known as the "old town outside the Great Wall, business inn".

Fengzhen has a total area of 2722 square kilometers and a total population of 335516 in 2013.

In 2013, the GDP of Fengzhen reached 15.2 billion yuan, the fiscal revenue was 984 million yuan, and the added value of industries above Designated Size reached 7.15 billion yuan. On July 27, 2018, with the approval of the people's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the poor city was withdrawn. In 2019, it was listed as the second batch of national agricultural product quality and safety counties.

By June 2020, Fengzhen has three townships, five towns, five streets and an industrial park.

Historical evolution

The Western Zhou Dynasty was governed by the Rong nationality.

During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the spring and Autumn period, it belonged to the Linhu nationality, the Loufan nationality, and the Warring States period, it belonged to the state of Zhao.

In the Qin Dynasty, Fengzhen belonged to Daijun in the East and North, and Yanmen in the West.

In the Western Han Dynasty, the eastern part of Fengzhen was under the jurisdiction of Gaoliu County, Jiangyin county and Mayi county.

The Three Kingdoms and the two Jin Dynasties are the territories of Xianbei nationality.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Fengzhen was a suburb of Kyoto in the Northern Wei Dynasty, under the jurisdiction of Sizhou. Its west and northwest belonged to Xuanhong County, its east to Gaoliu County, and its south to YONGGU county.

In the Sui Dynasty, Fengzhen was Yunnei County in Mayi county at the beginning; later, Turks moved southward to reach the north of Fengzhen, and the South still belonged to Yunnei county.

In the Tang Dynasty, the northern part of Fengzhen was a Turkic nomadic land, and the southeastern part was Yunnei County of Yunzhou.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Fengzhen was governed by the Qidan people.

In Liao Dynasty, Fengzhen belonged to Fengyi, Datong and Changqing counties in Datong Prefecture of Xijing road in the south, Dezhou in the West and North, and Fengsheng Prefecture in the northeast.

Fengzhen in Jin Dynasty was subordinate to Xijing Road, Datong County in the south, Baideng County in the southeast, Weining County in the north and Xuanning County in the West.

In Yuan Dynasty, Fengzhen belonged to Xuanning County of Datong Road in the west, Datong County of Datong Road in the south, and Weining County of Xinghe road in the north and East.

In Ming Dynasty, Fengzhen belonged to Xinghe garrison in the East, Xuande garrison in the West and Yanghe garrison in the south. After the orthodox year, most of Fengzhen was a Mongolian territory.

In the Qing Dynasty, during the reign of Kangxi, Fengzhen was the pasture of zhenghuang banner, Zhenghong banner and Taipusi of Chahar Mongols; in 1735, fengchuanwei was set up in Gaomiaozi (now in Xinghe), and Zhenning office was set up in Yamen (now in Fengzhen county), which was under the jurisdiction of the Director General of Dashuo; in 1750, Fengzhen hall was set up, and yanggaotong of Datong Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of the magistrate; in the Qing and Qianlong dynasties, Fengzhen hall was set up In 1768, it was under the jurisdiction of Datong Prefecture of Shanxi Province; in 1884, it was under the jurisdiction of Suidao Prefecture of Shanxi Province.

In 1912, Fengzhen department was changed to Fengzhen County, which was under the jurisdiction of Suiyuan Special Administrative Region; in 1914, Fengzhen county was changed to Chahar Special Administrative Region; in 1929, it was under the jurisdiction of Suiyuan province; in September 1937, it was occupied by Japanese army, and in 1938, it was under the jurisdiction of Bayantala League, the puppet Mongolian Xinjiang joint autonomous government; in 1945, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, it still belonged to Suiyuan province.

In September 1948, Fengzhen county was liberated. Fengzhen City is set up in the urban area of Fengzhen, which is directly under the jurisdiction of suimeng district government; Fengzhen county is still set up in the rural area of the county.

In June 1949, it was transferred to Suiyuan province; in September of the same year, Fengzhen City abolished it. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Fengzhen county was under the jurisdiction of Jining Commissioner's office of Suiyuan province. In March 1954, it was under the jurisdiction of Pingdiquan administrative region of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

From April 1958 to 2003, it was under the jurisdiction of Ulanqab League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

On November 15, 1990, with the approval of the State Council, Fengzhen was set up as a city instead of a county, and Fengzhen City (county level) still belongs to Ulanqab League. In 1998, it was approved as an open city by the State Council.

In 2000, Fengzhen had jurisdiction over three streets, one town and 18 townships.

On December 1, 2003, with the approval of the State Council, Fengzhen City was directly under the central government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and managed by Ulanqab city.

administrative division

By June 2020, Fengzhen has three townships, five towns, five streets and an industrial park.

position

Fengzhen City is located at the junction of Shanxi, Hebei and Inner Mongolia. It is known as the "South Gate" of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is the window and frontier of opening up and developing export-oriented economy in the autonomous region, and also the transition zone of inland economy transferring to remote minority areas. The geographical coordinates are 40 ° 18 ′ 27 ″ - 40 ° 48 ′ 28 ″ N and 112 ° 47 ′ 31 ″ – – 113 ° 47 ′ 18 ″ E.

landforms

The geomorphic features are mainly mountainous, hilly, alluvial and proluvial plain. From west, North and east to the central and southern part, the terrain is gradually descending in a ladder shape. With an average altitude of 1400 meters, the highest is huangshiya mountain in hunyuanyao township (also the highest peak in Ulanqab), the main peak is 2335 meters, and the lowest is 1172 meters of nanyinma river bed in geta village, xinchengwan town.

climate

Fengzhen is located in the temperate continental monsoon climate zone, which is a semi-arid and semi humid crisscross zone. The annual average temperature is 5.09 ℃, the hottest month is July, the average temperature is 20.4 ℃, the highest temperature is 36.5 ℃, the coldest month is January, the average temperature is - 13.5 ℃, the lowest temperature is - 37.5 ℃, and the difference between the maximum and minimum extreme temperature is 74 ℃. The accumulated temperature of ≥ 0 ℃ is 2400 – 3000 ℃, the effective accumulated temperature of ≥ 5 ℃ is 2100 – 2900 ℃, the average frost free period is 124 days, the longest is 155 days, and the shortest is 95 days. The average rainfall in Fengzhen City is 400mm, with 663.4mm in 1978 being the most and 220.2mm in 1965 being the least. The seasonal distribution of precipitation is uneven. The precipitation from June to August is about 270 mm, accounting for more than 65% of the annual precipitation. The relative variability of annual precipitation is 23.7%. The annual average humidity is 40 – 60%, with a maximum of 64% and a minimum of 45%. Fengzhen has many sunny days and good atmospheric transparency. The annual sunshine hours are 2800 – 3100 hours, and the annual average radiation is about 131 kcal / cm2. The minimum is about 6 kcal / cm2 in December, and the maximum is about 16 kcal / cm2 in May. The par was 43%. The annual average wind speed in Fengzhen is 3 M / s, and the average number of gale days from July to August is 31 days, which is often accompanied by dust. The annual average wind speed is the highest in April, generally 4.7 M / s, and the lowest is 2.17 M / s in June.

natural resources

land resource

Fengzhen has a total area of 2704 square kilometers, with 926700 mu of cultivated land, including 185000 mu of water land. The soil is mainly composed of millet calcareous soil and grey cinnamon soil, accounting for more than 54.96% of the total area.

mineral resources

Fengzhen City is rich in mineral resources. Up to 2013, 27 kinds of underground mineral resources have been proved, of which basalt is all over the territory, with extremely rich reserves and broad development prospects. Graphite has been mined and processed, becoming one of the bases of earning foreign exchange in the autonomous region. Diabase reserves in more than 11 million cubic meters, at home and abroad enjoy a high reputation, known as "Fengzhen black" Mo Yu, is an excellent building decoration and processing materials, favored by domestic and foreign merchants. The silver, lead and zinc intergrowth deposit has been explored by the relevant national exploration departments, and the silver reserves are more than 1200 tons, which has reached the national standard for large silver deposits. The daily flow of mineral water is more than 1400 tons. After identification, it is a high-quality mineral water with low sodium, high content of metasilicic acid and strontium.

Power resources

Fengzhen is an important power energy base in North China, with abundant energy. The installed capacity of Fengzhen Power Plant is 1.2 million KW, and the construction of Fengdian phase III 1.2 million KW expansion project is stepping up. There are 35000, 110000 and 220000 transformer stations in the urban area, and there are four industrial special lines, with a total investment of 230 million yuan. The construction of 12 231 km transmission lines in Fengzhen City is stepping up A 500000 volt substation is under construction.

Water resources

The total amount of water resources in Fengzhen City is 280 million cubic meters, including 148 million cubic meters of groundwater resources, with a daily exploitable capacity of 96000 tons. The river system of Fengzhen City is composed of Yongding River and inland river, and Yongding River Basin is the main one. Most rivers in Fengzhen are in the upper reaches of Yongding River. The larger rivers are Yinma River, Bayin River, Yanghe River, Heihe River, guantunpu River, etc. Yongding River basin covers an area of 2288 square kilometers, accounting for 84.6% of the total area of Fengzhen City. Inland rivers include Longzhuang River, mamitu River and sanyiquan River, covering an area of 416 square kilometers, accounting for 15.4% of the total area of Fengzhen City. The average annual discharge of Yinma River is 0.8 m3 / s.

Biological resources

There are 435 species of wild plants in Fengzhen City, belonging to 57 families. The main arbor species are Betula platyphylla, Populus davidiana, Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica and poplar, willow and elm; shrubs are Caragana korshinskii, Hippophae rhamnoides, red willow, hazelnut, Armeniaca sibirica, wild rose, etc. There are more than 100 kinds of wild animals and 20 kinds of poultry and livestock.

Population nationality

By the end of September 2013, the total population of Fengzhen City was 335516 (including 250411 residents and 85105 outflow population), and 55947 married women of childbearing age; a total of 1412 people were born in Fengzhen City, with a birth rate of 4.2 ‰; 1344 of them were in line with the policy, with a birth rate of 95.1%; the sex ratio of birth to child was 101.5; 737 cases of the four operations of the resident population in this period were taken at the end of the period 35525 people were treated with different contraceptive measures, and the comprehensive contraceptive rate was 87.1%.

Fengzhen City is inhabited by Han, Mongolian, Hui, Manchu, Korean, Daur, Russian, Bai, Li, Xibo, Uygur, Zhuang, Ewenki, Oroqen and other nationalities.

Economics

overview

In 2014, the city's GDP reached 14.46 billion yuan

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu Wu Lan Cha Bu Shi Feng Zhen Shi