Qingjian County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province

Qingjian County is located on the West Bank of the Shaanxi Shanxi gorge of the Yellow River, at the junction of southeast Yulin and Yan'an, and at the intersection of Wuding River and Yellow River. Located in 109 ° 55 ′ 27 "~ 110 ° 38 ′ 50" E and 36 ° 57 ′ 30 "~ 37 ° 25 'n, it is an important place to guard Yan'an and Guanzhong. It is 95 kilometers long from east to west and 55 kilometers wide from north to south. It covers an area of 1881 square kilometers, accounting for 0.91% of the total land area of the whole province and 4.31% of the total area of Yulin city.

Baotou Xi'an railway and national highway 210 pass through the west, and Weiqing highway and national highway 210 meet in the county. Nine towns are under the jurisdiction of the county. By the end of 2017, the total population of the county was 217200, including 191000 agricultural population and 19300 non-agricultural population, with a population density of 112 people per square kilometer. Qingjian County is the hometown of Chinese jujube. It is a well-known old revolutionary base area, known as the "hometown of jujube", "hometown of Daoqing", "hometown of slate" and "hometown of vermicelli".

In March 2019, it was listed as the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area sub County list. On February 27, 2020, with the consent of Shaanxi provincial government, Qingjian County officially withdrew from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

Historical evolution

Place name source

According to the biography of Fan Zhongyan and Zhong Shiheng in the history of Song Dynasty, in the first year of Qingli (1041 AD) of song Renzong (1023-1063 AD), Fan Zhongyan, a famous official stationed in Shaanxi Province, adopted the stratagem of Zhong Shiheng, a great general, to build a city in gukuanzhou (the frontier position at the junction of song and Xia), which is 200 Li northeast of Yan'an This place is located in an important area, with Yanzhou on the right, Shanxi grain on the left, and Tuyin and xiaerzhou on the north. "However, there was no spring and it was difficult to defend it. The stone blocked the digging to fifteen feet. The city was built only when the soldiers and the soldiers were happy. The imperial court received the interest and gave it the name of Qingjian city. "(Zhong Shiheng was sent to build the city with his troops, and the Xia soldiers came to fight for it. Zhong Shiheng fought and repaired at the same time. There was a lack of water in the city, so he paid a lot of money to dig a well, and finally dug out a clear spring 150 feet underground, so he named it Qingjian city. In 1182 ad, Qingjian city was upgraded to Qingjian County.

History of construction

In the 17th year of Xiangwang (635 BC) of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Luoyu was occupied by Wengong of Jin Dynasty in luojian, Xihe (Tuwei River), which was called Baidi in history. Qingjian County was inhabited by Baidi people. In the 41st year of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty (328 BC), it belonged to Qin Dynasty. In Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Fushi county and Yangzhou county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to hanshangjun and Wanyin. Mangxin is Fangyin county. In 215, it was occupied by Qiang and Xiongnu.

From the Three Kingdoms to the Western Jin Dynasty, Xiongnu and Han lived together. In the first year of the Wei and Huang dynasties (220), it was under the jurisdiction of Bingzhou. After the unification of the Western Jin Dynasty, it belonged to the state of Jin and Bingzhou.

In the Sixteen States of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was the territory of Han (former Zhao), later Zhao, Former Qin and later Qin. In 407 of the third year of the reign of Yixi, Liu Sheng, the chief of Xiongnu, rebelled against Jianxia of Qin Dynasty, and his native territory was under the jurisdiction of Xia. In the northern and Southern Dynasties, it was under the jurisdiction of Northern Wei, Western Wei and later Zhou. In the 11th year of Taihe (487), Shuofang county was first set up in Northern Wei Dynasty, belonging to Shuofang County of Dongxia state. In the first year of Shengui (518), it was set up in Chengzhong county. In the 12th year of Datong (546), Suide County was set up. In 552, Yanling County was established.

In Sui Dynasty, it successively belonged to Suide County, Chengping county and Yanfu county.

The first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty (618) was Bingzhou daosui. The first year of Zhenguan (627) belongs to guanneidao. Two years belong to Yanzhou. Nine years (635) within the territory of hunzhou, hunzhou, kuanzhou and kuanzhou. Houliang is a loyal army. After Tang Dynasty, Zhangwu army of Yanzhou was established.

In the early Northern Song Dynasty, it belonged to Shaanxi Road and Yongxing military road. During the period from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Dao Dynasty, it was occupied by Xixia, and the county was abolished. The earth city was built in 1040, the first year of Kangding. Qingli first year (1041) Li Bingyan road. Qingjian city was set up in 1084, the seventh year of Yuanfeng. Yuan Fu two years (1099) under the German army.

In the 22nd year of Jin Dading (1182), Qingjian city was upgraded to Qingjian County, which was under the jurisdiction of suidezhou. In 1221, Qingjian returned to the Mongolian Khanate. The Yuan Dynasty belonged to suidezhou, Yan'an Road, xingzhongshu Province, Shaanxi Province.

In the second year of Hongwu (1369) of Ming Dynasty, Qingjian returned to Ming Dynasty and was subordinate to suidezhou. In 1371, the name of the county was changed to Qingjian. Chenghua nine years (1473) Li Yan Suizhen Yulin road. In 1562, it was transferred to Yan'an Prefecture. In 1643, Li Zicheng occupied Shaanxi and changed Qingjian County into Tianbo Prefecture.

Qing Shunzhi two years (1645) again called Qingjian County, still belongs to Yan'an Prefecture. In 1725, Suide Prefecture was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, leading Qingjian and Mizhi counties.

During the period of the Republic of China, the degree of subordination changed. In 1913, Qingjian County belonged to Yulin Road, Shaanxi Province. In 1926, the road was abandoned and the county was under the direct control of the province. In November 1935, most of the area was under the jurisdiction of Northern Shaanxi Province, the Northwest Office of the Provisional Central Government of the Soviet people's Republic of China. In December 1937, it was under the jurisdiction of the united front area. In March 1940, it belonged to Suide District of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. In May 1949, it was subordinate to Suide District of Northern Shaanxi administrative office.

In January 1950, it was under the jurisdiction of Suide District of Shaanxi Province. In October 1956, it was established in Yulin district. In December 1958, it was incorporated into Suide County. In March 1959, Qingjian became the Central Township, still under the jurisdiction of Suide County, Yulin district. In 1961, Qingjian County was restored under the jurisdiction of Yulin administrative office. In 2000, Yulin area was changed into Yulin City, and Qingjian County was under the jurisdiction of Yulin city.

administrative division

In December 1950, Qingjian County was merged into seven districts, namely Chengguan, yujiahe (formerly Dongyang District), Gaojie village, jiejiagou, dianzegou, shizuiyi and zhejiaping, and 38 townships (cities).

In the autumn of 1952, Zhaigou district (eight districts) and Lijiata district (nine districts) were added; Qingjian County was divided into nine districts and 52 townships (cities).

In March 1956, the original nine districts were merged into five districts, namely Chengguan, shizuiyi, dianzegou, yujiahe and jiejiagou, and 26 townships.

In September 1958, the district was withdrawn and the township was merged, and 13 people's communes were established, including Chengguan, haojialong, shizuiyi, letangpu, zhejiaping, xiaerlipu, Lijiata, dianzegou, yujiahe, shuangmiaohe, jiejiagou, Gaojie village and Zhaigou. In December, Qingjian was incorporated into Suide County, and Chengguan commune was renamed Qingjian people's commune.

In July 1961, on the eve of the restoration of county system, four communes, donglahe, laosheke, Erlangshan and Shipan, were added.

In October 1964, Chengguan commune was called shijiayuan commune, and Chengguan town was established.

In 1984, in the administrative reform, the people's commune system was abolished, and the production brigade was abolished. Qingjian County has jurisdiction over 4 towns, 14 townships, 639 administrative villages and 700 natural villages.

In 1997, yujiahe township was changed into yujiahe Town, Lijiata Township into Lijiata Town, dianjiagou Township into dianjiagou Township, and Gaojie village into Gaojie village. After the adjustment, the county governs 8 towns and 10 townships: Xiuyan Town, zhejiaping Town, shizuiyi Town, Gaojie Village Town, yujiahe Town, jiejiagou Town, dianzegou Town, Lijiata Town, shijiayuanze Township, xianianlipu Township, letangbao Township, haojialong Township, donglahe Township, Erlangshan Township, Zhaigou Township, Shipan Township, laosheke Township and shuangmiaohe township.

In 2001, Xiuyan town and shijiayuan Township were merged into kuanzhou Town, donglahe township was abolished and merged into Lijiata Town, Zhaigou township was abolished and merged into jiejiagou town. After the adjustment, it has jurisdiction over 8 towns and 7 townships: kuanzhou Town, shizuiyi Town, zhejiaping Town, yujiahe Town, Gaojie Town, Lijiata Town, dianzegou Town, jiejiagou Town, haojialong Town, letangpu Town, xianianlipu Town, shuangmiaohe Town, laosheke Town, Erlangshan town and Shipan town.

In 2011, Erlangshan township was merged into Xiejiagou Town, haojialong Township into shizuiyi Town, letangbao Township into kuanzhou town. After the adjustment, the county governs 8 towns and 4 townships: kuanzhou Town, shizuiyi Town, zhejiaping Town, yujiahe Town, Gaojie Town, Lijiata Town, dianzegou Town, jiejiagou Town, xianianlipu Town, shuangmiaohe Town, laosheke town and Shipan town.

In 2015, xianianlipu Township and shuangmiaohe Township were abolished and merged into xianianlipu town; laosheke township was abolished and merged into yujiahe town; Shipan township was abolished and merged into jiejiagou town. After the adjustment, the county governs nine towns: kuanzhou Town, shizuiyi Town, zhejiaping Town, yujiahe Town, Gaojie Town, Lijiata Town, dianzegou Town, jiejiagou town and xianianlipu town.

geographical environment

Regional location

Qingjian County is located in the north of Shaanxi Province, the south of Yulin City, the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the lower reaches of Wuding River. The geographical coordinates are 109 ° 55 '- 110 ° 38' e and 36 ° 57 '- 37 ° 25' n. It is adjacent to the Yellow River in the East, Shilou and Liulin counties of Shanxi Province across the river. It is long in the west, Yanchuan in the south, Suide in the north and Zizhou in the northwest. 508 km from Xi'an and 178 km from Yulin.

topographic features

Qingjian belongs to the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau. In addition to a small area of Sichuan platform and residual tableland, most of Qingjian County is hilly and gully. The terrain is higher in the Northwest (900-1200 m above sea level) and lower in the Southeast (570-900 m above sea level). Taking Wuding River as the boundary, it can be divided into East and west parts.

The eastern region, adjacent to the Yellow River in the East, is a valley and hilly region with obvious geographical significance. It is closer to the Yellow River in the east than to the Wuding River in the west, and its erosion base is lower. The relative cutting depth of river channel is 150-200m. The valley is narrow with a slope of 35-75 degrees. Soil erosion is serious.

The loess layer in the western region is thick, and the relative cutting depth is 100-200m. More ridge, short ridge, more ridge, less gully

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Yu Lin Shi Qing Jian Xian