Pingshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province

Pingshan District, belonging to Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, is located in the northeast of Shenzhen City, adjacent to Daya Bay petrochemical city of Huizhou City in the East, Dapeng Peninsula in the south, Yantian port in the west, and the central city of Longgang District in the north. The total area is 168 square kilometers. As of June 2020, Pingshan district has six streets and one industrial zone.

Pingshan was originally under the jurisdiction of Longgang District. On September 12, 2016, the State Council approved the construction of Pingshan district. On January 7, 2017, Pingshan district held the unveiling ceremony. Pingshan district is the main place where Hakkas live in Shenzhen. It has a subtropical marine climate. The natural terrain is mainly shallow hills and basins. Pingshan River, one of the five major rivers in Shenzhen, runs through the whole area. Malanshan waterfall is the largest group of natural waterfalls in Shenzhen. The local culture of Pingshan Kirin dance and waist drum dance are listed in the provincial and municipal intangible cultural heritage protection projects respectively.

In 2019, Pingshan district has a permanent resident population of 463000, with a GDP of 76.087 billion yuan, an increase of 8.5% over the same period of last year, and a per capita GDP of 167400 yuan, an increase of 4.3%. According to the average exchange rate in 2019, the per capita GDP is about 24259 US dollars. The per capita disposable income of residents was 53747.37 yuan, and the per capita consumption expenditure of residents was 30642.66 yuan. The Engel coefficient is 34.3%. According to the United Nations classification standard, the living consumption of Pingshan residents is relatively rich.

Historical evolution

In the Neolithic age, there are zhuowu village and jiazhenling site in Pingshan area.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Pingshan area belongs to Baiyue area, where the jinyuling site was found.

Qin belongs to Fuluo County, Nanhai county.

In the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to BOLUO County, Nanhai county.

In the third year of Taihe (368) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, BOLUO County in Nanhai county was located in Xinle County, and Pingshan area was located in Xinle county.

At the end of the Song Dynasty, Xinle county was changed from Nanhai county to Dongguan county.

In the second year of Liang Tianjian (503), Nanhai county and Dongguan county were separated into Lianghua County, and Pingshan area was located in Xinle county.

In 588, Xinle county was changed into Guishan county.

In the ninth year of kaihuang (589), Lianghua county was abandoned and Xunzhou was set up. Pingshan area belongs to Xunzhou Guishan county. In the third year of Daye (607), shunzhou was changed into Longchuan County.

Tang Wude five years (622), Fuxun Prefecture. In the first year of Tianshu (690), shunzhou was changed into leixiang county. In the first year of Tianbao (742), it became Haifeng County. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), it became Xunzhou.

In the first year of qianheng in the Southern Han Dynasty (917), Xunzhou was divided into Xunzhou and Zhenzhou.

In the fourth year of Tianxi (1020) of the Northern Song Dynasty, in order to avoid the taboo of Prince Zhao Zhen (i.e. song Renzong), Gengzhen Prefecture was Huizhou, and Pingshan district was Huizhou Guishan county. In the Southern Song Dynasty, some Han people moved here from the Central Plains, and Pingshan was named "dongtouling mountain".

In 1279, Huizhou was changed to Huizhou road.

In 1368, the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Huizhou road was changed into Huizhou Prefecture. Pingshan area in Ming Dynasty belongs to the upper and lower Huai capitals of Guishan County, Huizhou Prefecture. From 1684 to 1780, the surnames Zeng, Zhang, Huang and Dai moved to dongtouling mountain from Xingning, Shaoguan and Fujian. Tongzhi nine years (1870), Guishan County Bijia inspection (in freshwater) under the jurisdiction of Longgang about fort, owned 8 villages, including Pingshan village.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Huizhou Prefecture was abolished and Guishan county was changed into Huiyang County, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province. Pingshan area belongs to Huiyang county. In 1914, it was located in Huiyang County, Guangdong Province. In 1921, it belonged to Huiyang County, Eastern District. In 1925, it belonged to Huiyang County, Dongjiang administrative region. In 1928, it belonged to Huiyang County, Eastern District. In 1934, it belonged to Huiyang County, the fourth administrative supervision district. Since then, in the period of the Republic of China, Pingshan area belongs to Huiyang County, the fourth administrative supervision area.

In October 1949, the Second District of Huiyang county (Longgang) had seven townships, including Pingshan Township and Kengzi township. In November 1951, the district was divided into small townships. The fourth district (Pingshan) has 15 townships under its jurisdiction. In December 1957, Huiyang County withdrew from the district and merged into a small township, with Pingshan township. In October 1958, Pingshan township of Huiyang county was transformed into Pingshan commune.

In November 1958, Pingshan commune was changed from Huiyang county to Bao'an county. In July 1961, Kengzi farm was founded in jiepingshan commune. Pingshan commune and Kengzi farm belong to Kwai Chung District of Bao'an county. In January 1963, Kengzi farm was merged into Pingshan commune.

In January 1979, Baoan county was abolished and Shenzhen city was established. Pingshan commune is under the jurisdiction of Shenzhen City (Kwai Chung District).

In October 1981, the system of Bao'an county was restored in areas outside Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. Pingshan commune belongs to Bao'an county. In July 1983, Pingshan people's commune was changed into Pingshan District of Bao'an county. Pingshan district has jurisdiction over 16 townships of Jingui, pinghuan, Liulian, Malan, Shijing, Tiantou, Jinsha, Laokeng, Jiangling, Shasheng, biling, tangkeng, Zhukeng, Tianxin, xiuxin and Longtian. In October 1986, Pingshan district and its Township were abolished and Pingshan Town was established. In November, Kengzi town was established in xipingshan town.

In 1992, Longgang District was established. Pingshan and Kengzi towns are under the jurisdiction of Longgang District.

In 1994, Shenzhen began to build a large industrial zone.

In 1997, the construction of the central area of the large industrial zone was officially started, covering 39.57 square kilometers in Pingshan Town and Kengzi Town, and the Shenzhen Management Committee of the large industrial zone was established.

On April 27, 2000, the State Council approved the establishment of Guangdong Shenzhen Export Processing Zone, with a planned area of 3 square kilometers.

On March 31, 2001, Shenzhen Export Processing Zone of Guangdong Province passed the joint acceptance of eight ministries and commissions of the state and was closed for operation at one time.

In 2004, Pingshan and Kengzi towns were abolished in Shenzhen, and Pingshan office and Kengzi office were established respectively.

On June 30, 2009, the former Shenzhen Industrial Park was integrated with the former Pingshan office and Kengzi Office of Longgang District, and pingshanpingshan district was established. The CPC pingshanpingshan District Working Committee, pingshanpingshan District Management Committee and the CPC pingshanpingshan District discipline inspection committee were established. The former management committee of Shenzhen Industrial Park was abolished, and the brand of Guangdong Shenzhen Export Processing Zone Management Committee was retained .

In September 2016, the State Council approved the establishment of Pingshan district by Pingshan street and Kengzi Street (Pingshan Pingshan area). In October, Pingshan district was divided into Pingshan district and Kengzi district.

On October 20, 2016, Pingshan and Kengzi were divided into Pingshan, Malan, biling, Shijing, Kengzi and Longtian.

On January 7, 2017, Pingshan District of Shenzhen held the unveiling ceremony and officially became an administrative district.

administrative division

As of June 2020, Pingshan district has six streets: Pingshan street, Malan street, biling street, Shijing street, Kengzi street and Longtian street, and another industrial zone: Shenzhen grand industrial zone. Pingshan District People's government is located at 333 Shenshan Road, Pingshan street.

geographical environment

Location context

Pingshan district is located in the northeast of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, with Daya Bay petrochemical city in Huizhou in the East, Dapeng Peninsula in the south, Yantian port in the West and Longgang central city in the north, covering a total area of 166 square kilometers.

topographic features

The natural terrain of Pingshan district is mainly shallow hills and basins, with gentle terrain and good construction conditions. The terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. The East-West trend of the middle part is broad valley alluvial platform and denuded plain, which is suitable for development and cultivation; the west part is low mountains and hills; the south part is contiguous mountains, which belongs to sandy shale and granite red soil, which is suitable for the development of forest and fruit. Karst geological processes in Shenzhen are mainly distributed in four karst basin geomorphic units, namely Longgang, Pingshan, Pingdi and Kuichong, and become karst collapse prone areas. Pingshan area belongs to karst geology, and is distributed with limestone of shidengzi formation. The rock is soluble rock, which forms dissolution depression under long-term karst geological process. In the above-mentioned areas, limestone is concealed in the lower part of the loose accumulation layer of the dissolution depression, and becomes a concealed karst development area. In the hidden karst development area, due to the existence of underground caves, underground rivers, soil caves, etc., when the groundwater level changes, it is easy to form karst ground collapse geological disasters, the engineering geological conditions are poor, and it is easy to cause ground building subsidence, deformation, damage, etc., which has a serious impact on urban planning and construction and land use.

Climatic characteristics

Pingshan district has a subtropical marine climate. It is hot and rainy in summer, dry and mild in other seasons.

Water system hydrology

The water surface of rivers and lakes in Pingshan district is 10.03 square kilometers, accounting for 6% of the total land. Pingshan River, one of the main rivers in Shenzhen, runs through the whole city.

natural resources

water resource

The main rivers in Pingshan district are Pingshan River and Kengzi river. Pingshan River, one of the five major rivers in Shenzhen, is a primary tributary of Danshui River in Dongjiang River system. It originates from tianmeishajian of Sanzhou and enters Huiyang District at tugangling. The river system of the basin is comb shaped, and the tributaries are mainly developed on the right bank. The main tributaries are Sanzhoutian River, biling River, tangkeng River, dashanpi River, Chiao River, Dunzi River and Shixi River. Kengzi river originates from songzikeng and flows into Longgang river through Kengzi. There are many reservoirs in Pingshan District, such as honghualing reservoir, Chiao reservoir, songzikeng reservoir, dashanpo mine reservoir and shiqiaoli reservoir, with a total area of 1524 hectares. Among them, dashanpi Kuangshan reservoir, Chiao reservoir and songzikeng reservoir all belong to the water storage area of Shenzhen eastern water diversion project.

land resource

In 2015, the construction land of Pingshan district was 65.78 square kilometers, accounting for 39.6% of the total area of Pingshan District, including 56.61 square kilometers of urban and rural land, industrial and mining land and 56.61 square kilometers of traffic land