Wushen Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Wushen Banner, formerly known as Ordos Right Wing Front Banner. Located in the southwest of Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, it is located in the hinterland of Mu Us sandy land. Wushen Banner borders on Yijinhuoluo banner and Hangjin Banner in the north, Shaanxi Province across the Great Wall in the East and south, and Etuoke Banner and Etuokeqian banner in the West. With a total area of 11645 square kilometers, Etuokeqian banner is known as the "south gate of Ordos".

Wushen Banner governs five towns and one Sumu, which is a minority inhabited area with Mongolian as the main body and Han nationality as the majority. As of 2017, Wushen Banner has a total population of 133400, including 30000 Mongolian. In 2019, the GDP of Wushen county will reach 30.913 billion yuan. By the end of 2019, the total mileage of highway in Wushen Banner has reached 4126.1km, and the density of highway network is 35.4km/100km2; the whole banner has 200 taxis, 51 passenger buses and 22 buses.

Wushen Banner has Oboo sacrifice, sulde and other customs, Salawusu tourist area, Yinhai tourist resort and other scenic spots.

On December 29, 2018, it was named the Sixth Batch of national demonstration areas (units) for national unity and progress by the National People's commission. On January 9, 2019, he was selected into the list of "hometown of Chinese folk culture and art" from 2018 to 2020. Top 100 counties and cities in Western China in 2019. In 2019, it was listed as the second batch of national agricultural product quality and safety counties. In November 2020, it will be included in the list of China's top 100 industrial counties (cities) in 2020.

Evolution of organizational system

In Qin Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Shangjun.

During the Western Han Dynasty, the southern and central areas were under the jurisdiction of Shangjun, with Sheyan, Qiuci, Gaowang, Baitu and other counties.

In the new dynasty, Wang Mang changed Sheyan and Gaowang into shejie and Jianning counties.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was Shangjun. There are Sheyan, Zhenlin and kuci vassal states in the county. The jurisdiction of Sheyan county is the same as that of the Western Han Dynasty.

The Western Jin Dynasty is the land of qianghu, and the south of Qijing is the land of Sheyan county.

Sixteen States Period: in the 4th century, the area was occupied by the Tiefu tribe of Xiongnu, which successively belonged to the later Zhao, the former Qin, the Western Yan and the later Qin. In 413, Tongwancheng was built on the North Bank of sariwusu River in the south of today's Wushen Banner. Today's Wushen Banner is under the jurisdiction of Kyoto.

Southern and Northern Dynasties: in 427, the Northern Wei Dynasty attacked the Xia state and occupied Tongwan city. It changed xiatongwan city into Tongwan Town, and now Wushenqi is under the jurisdiction of Tongwan town. In 536, xiazhou was attacked by Gao Huan of the Eastern Wei Dynasty. In 537, xiazhou was occupied by the Western Wei and Xia, and Wancheng was unified as the governing seat of xiazhou and Huazheng county. Today, Wushen Banner is under the jurisdiction of Huazheng county. Later, it was changed into Honghua county. In 557, xiazhou belonged to the Northern Zhou Dynasty.

Sui Dynasty: Today Wushen Banner is Shuofang county. In the early years of kaihuang, Shuofang county was abolished and called xiazhou. In 607, it was changed to Shuofang County, where it was in charge of the city.

In the early Tang Dynasty, the system of Sui Dynasty was inherited. In Wude years, Shuofang county was changed to xiazhou. Later, it was changed to Shuofang County, and then to xiazhou.

Five Dynasties period: Today Wushen Banner is still xiazhou, xiazhou governs Wancheng.

In the period of Northern Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty and Western Xia Dynasty, Wushen Banner is now a state of Xia. In 982, the Northern Song Dynasty once controlled xiazhou. In 986, Liao Dynasty appointed Li Jiqian as the governor of Dingnan army. In 988, song Ting used Li Jibang as the governor of xiazhou. The government governs all cities. In 1991, Li Jibang rebelled against Song Dynasty and took Xia Zhou as the general of Liao Dynasty. In 1994 (the fifth year of Song Chunhua), the song army occupied xiazhou again, destroyed xiazhou City, and the organizational system still existed. In 1038, Li Yuanhao (Zhao Yuanhao) established Xixia. Today, Wushen Banner is Xixia Prefecture and Wancheng is Xixia pingxia city.

Yuan Dynasty: Today Wushen Banner is under the jurisdiction of suidezhou, Yan'an Road, Shaanxi Province. At the same time, it was under the jurisdiction of chahannao'er.

Ming Dynasty: in the early Ming Dynasty, it was Chahan Naoer Weidi. Later, it was a part of Erdos, Mongolia.

In the 15th year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty, the 15th grandson of Genghis Khan and Tiemuzhen, Dayan Khan, once again unified the Mongolian grassland and set up six ten thousand households; his third son, Bo erzhijin balsborot (aladan Khan, the second son of the leader of the Mongolian tumed tribe), was appointed to take charge of the grassland in the middle of the new Qin Dynasty and was assigned to ten thousand households in Ordos.

In 1635 A.D., the fifth grandson of baoerzhijin · balsborote of ten thousand households in Erdos led the Ministry to return to the Qing Dynasty, and the Qing government recorded baoerzhijin · Enfu as Jinong of Erdos, and ordered him to take charge of Erdos of Mongolia.

In 1649, in order to control the tribes of Mongolia, the Erdos part of Mongolia was divided into left wing Middle Banner (formerly Junwang banner), Left Wing Front Banner (now Zhungeer banner), Erdos left wing rear banner (now Dalate Banner), Erdos Right Wing Middle Banner (now Etuoke Banner) and Erdos right Wing Middle Banner (now Etuoke Banner) There are six zasak banners, including DOSI Right Wing Front Banner (today's Wushen Banner), Ordos right wing rear banner (today's Hangjin Banner), and YIKEZHAO League. The former zasak banner was merged with Junwang banner to form today's Yijinhuoluo banner.

In the early days of the Republic of China, it inherited the system of Qing Dynasty and set up the banner yamen as the organ of political power. In 1934, the government of the Republic of China changed the Yamen of Wushen Banner into the government of Wushen Banner. In 1934, the Wushenqi Working Committee of the Communist Party of China was established. In February of 1936, the Communist Party of China established the "USSR government of Wushen county", which was abolished in March. In December 1944, the ussin banner Mongolian Han autonomous anti enemy union under the leadership of the Communist Party was established. In 1946, it was changed into the ussin banner Mongolian Han autonomous Union. In 1948, the Communist Party established the Government Affairs Committee of Wushen Banner. In March 1949, the Preparatory Office of Wushen autonomous government was established. On August 10, 1949, the people's Government of Wushen Banner was established. So far, the regime of the Kuomintang government disappeared. On September 22, 1949, the people's Government died prematurely because of the rebellion of qiyushan.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the people's Government of Wushen Banner was established again on August 25, 1950. On December 1, 1956, the people's Government of Wushen Banner was renamed the people's Committee of Wushen Banner. On December 30, 1967, the Revolutionary Committee of Wushen Banner was established, and the power of the people's Committee of Wushen Banner was terminated. On December 21, 1980, the people's Government of Wushen Banner was established and the Revolutionary Committee was abolished. In 2001, the State Council abolished the prefecture level YIKEZHAO League and established the prefecture level Ordos City. Wushen Banner was under the jurisdiction of Ordos City.

administrative division

In 2009, Wushen Banner governs five towns and one Sumu: galutu Town, Wudinghe Town, Wushenzhao Town, Tuke Town, ulantaolegai town and sulide Sumu town. It has jurisdiction over 27 Gacha, 34 villages and 13 urban communities. Wushen Banner Committee and people's government are stationed in galutu town.

geographical environment

Location context

Wushen Banner is located in the southwest of Ordos City, adjacent to Yuyang District, Jingbian County and Hengshan County of Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, and in the "Golden Triangle" zone of economic development of Mongolia, Shaanxi and Ningxia. The area of Wushen Banner is 108 ° 17 ′ 36 ″ - 109 ° 40 ′ 22 ″ E and 37 ° 38 ′ 54 ″ - 39 ° 23 ′ 50 ″ n. Wushen Banner covers a total area of 11645 square kilometers.

topographic features

Wushenqi is located in the hinterland of Maowusu Desert, the terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast, and the altitude is generally 1300 ~ 1400m. The geomorphic types in Wushen Banner can be divided into five types: tectonic denudation, accumulation, aeolian, loess and fluvial; eight types: wavy plateau, Liangdi, inland lake, floodplain (alluvial lacustrine plain), mobile and semi mobile dune, fixed sand, loess ridge and valley. Terrain distribution characteristics: most of them are alternate of "beam land, beach land and sand land", the north is full of sand source, there are more willow clumps, accompanied by more than 70 swamps and lakes; desert, beach land and beam land are distributed in a belt from northwest to Southeast.

climate

Wushen Banner belongs to temperate continental monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 6.8 ℃, the annual sunshine is 2800-3000 hours, the effective accumulated temperature is 2800-3000 ℃, the annual precipitation is 350-400 mm, the annual evaporation is 2200-2800 mm, the annual average wind speed is 3.4 m / s, and the frost free period is 113-156 days.

hydrology

There are many alkaline lakes in Wushenqi, such as haotongyinchagannur, maodunchagannur, bagananur, huhetaolegai Nur, surinanur, etc. The main rivers in Wushen Banner include Wuding River, Nalin River, hailuitu River, etc.

natural resources

mineral resources

In 2012, the overburden thickness in Wushen Banner is less than 1000 meters, and the coal bearing area is more than 7000 square kilometers. The reserves per square kilometer are 10-25 million tons, the proved reserves are 52 billion tons, and the prospective reserves are more than 180 billion tons. There are 4-11 minable coal seams, and the total thickness of coal seams is 10-31.8 meters. The coal quality is low moisture, ultra-low ash ~ low ash, ultra-low sulfur ~ low sulfur, high calorific value ~ ultra-high calorific value coal. The coal types are long flame coal, non caking coal and weak caking coal. The average calorific value is above 302500 kJ / kg (7230 kcal / kg), and the coal seam gas content is low. This banner is mainly divided into two major mining areas: hujierte and Nalin river. Wushenqi is the main producing area of natural gas in Ordos Basin. There are four natural gas fields over 100 billion cubic meters in Wushenqi. By 2007, the proved reserves are about 1.2 trillion cubic meters and the prospective reserves are 3.6 trillion cubic meters.

land resource

As of 2013, there are 10.6 million mu of natural grassland, 5.42 million mu of forest land and 600000 mu of irrigated land in Wushen Banner.

water resource

uxin

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu E Er Duo Si Shi Wu Shen Qi