Emin County, Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Emin County Emin county is located in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the northwest edge of Junggar basin, the center of Tacheng basin, Kazakhstan in the north, Tuoli county and Karamay in the south, hebukeser Mongolia Autonomous County in the East, Tacheng city and Yumin County in the West. In 2013, Emin County covers an area of 9532 square kilometers, with 4 towns, 7 townships and 6 agricultural pastures under the jurisdiction of the county. In 2013, there were 220000 people from 25 ethnic groups in Emin County, including Han, ha, Wei and Meng.

Historical evolution

In the Qin Dynasty, Emin county and its surrounding areas belonged to the nomadic areas of sairen and Hujie, all of which belonged to Xiongnu.

In the second year of shenjue in the Western Han Dynasty (60 B.C.), the Han Dynasty set up the capital of the western regions in Wulei (today's Luntai County). Today, the territory under the jurisdiction of Emin was officially incorporated into the territory of the Han Dynasty.

In the Han, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties, Emin belonged to the sphere of influence of Wusun, Rouran, and Gaoche.

From the Western Wei Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, the Western Turkic Khanate was established.

During the Tang Dynasty, yaochi Dudu Fu was set up. After the rebellion of ashinahelu was put down, Longyan Dudu Fu was set up in Emin, and Beiting Duhu Fu was set up when Wu Zetian.

The Song Dynasty was ruled by the Western Liao Dynasty. In 1130, Yelu Dashi, a nobleman of Liao state, led his troops to yemili (Emin) River Basin and built yemili city as its capital. The Western Liao Dynasty was established in the north and south of Tianshan Mountains and Central Asia, which was called Khara Khitan.

In 1218, Genghis Khan destroyed the Western Liao Dynasty.

In 1225, Genghis Khan enfeoffed Zhuzi. Sanziwokuotai occupied the valley of youmili River, the upper reaches of Erqis River and the east of Balkhash Lake. Its capital city was built on the upper reaches of Emin River (Gesheng village of today's yemule Ranch), named "yimili city" after the river.

At the end of Ming Dynasty, the nomadic range of Junggar was extended to the Erqis River Basin.

In 1755, the territory of Emin was officially incorporated into the territory of the Qing Dynasty.

In 1918, Yang Zengxin, the governor of Xinjiang, wrote to the Beijing government to set up a county government in the upper reaches of Emin River in Tacheng County, and named Emin County after Emin river.

On July 29, 1945, the army of the three districts conquered Emin county and established the revolutionary government of Emin County, ending the rule of the Kuomintang in Emin county. Emin county government is subordinate to Tacheng district administrative office.

On September 25, 1949, Xinjiang was peacefully liberated. On October 1, Emin, together with the people of the whole country, ushered in the birth of the people's Republic of China.

On April 1, 1950, the government of Emin county was changed into the people's Government of Emin County, and the system of thousand head of household was abolished.

In May 1952, Tuoli animal husbandry center was set up from Emin.

In March 1954, Emin County People's government was changed into Emin County People's Committee.

administrative division

As of 2014, Emin county has jurisdiction over 6 towns, 5 townships, 6 agricultural pastures and 7 agricultural and animal husbandry regiments of the Ninth Agricultural Division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps.

Towns: Emin Town, yushikalasu Town, jalegashi Town, Shanghu Town, marelsu Town, kalayamule town.

Townships: suburban township, ermalgoleng Mongolian nationality township, Erdaoqiao Township, huojierte Mongolian nationality township, lamazhao township.

Farming and ranching: kuoshbik improved breeding farm, erzhihe ranch of galbrak farm, yemule ranch, wuzongbrak ranch, salyemule ranch.

geographical environment

geographical position

Emin county is located in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the northwest edge of Junggar basin, the center of Tacheng basin, Kazakhstan in the north, Tuoli county and Karamay in the south, hebukeser Mongolia Autonomous County in the East, Tacheng city and Yumin County in the West.

Topography

The terrain is high in the northeast and low in the southwest. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides and opens to the West. In the north, there is tarbahatai mountain, in the southeast, there is qiwuerkayer mountain, and in the middle, there is the alluvial plain of Emin river.

climate

Emin has a continental temperate climate with four distinct seasons. The temperature rises fast and unstable in spring, hot and short in summer, rapid cooling in autumn, cold and long in winter, and frequent cold air activities. In 2016, the annual average temperature was 8.6 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature was 37.6 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature was below - 23 ℃. The frost period is longer, and the absolute frost free period is 195 days. The sunshine duration is 2784.6 hours. The average annual precipitation of the county is 441.2 mm, but the distribution is uneven. The northeast is more than the southwest, and the mountainous area is more than the plain. Kalayamule forest region is the area with the most precipitation in the county; Kurt, salbas and mohetai in the southwest and southeast are the areas with the least precipitation. Northeast wind prevailed throughout the year, with the maximum wind speed of 21.7 M / s measured regularly and the average wind speed of 2.0 M / s. There are several main wind lines, such as camel neck, laotuyere, moheitai and girante.

hydrology

The river in Emin county belongs to Emin river system, and its tributaries are salyemule, karayemule, marelsu, Aksu and wuxuete, which flow into Emin river. It flows southwest into the alahu lake of the Republic of Kazakhstan through Yumin county. In addition, there are 34 streams and streams such as kurumusu, Sibert, mehain, daynsu and Kuster. The annual runoff is more than 100 million cubic meters, and the annual runoff of surface water is 1.08 billion cubic meters.

natural resources

land resource

The suitable cultivated land area of the county is 1.6 million mu, and the available grassland area is 10.4927 million mu.

water resource

There are two medium-sized reservoirs in Emin county. With a capacity of 20 million cubic meters, Emin reservoir is responsible for the irrigation of all the improved seed farms and some villages in Shanghu Township and suburban township, with an irrigation area of more than 350000 mu. Aksu reservoir, with a capacity of 20 million cubic meters, is responsible for the irrigation of farmland and grassland in marelsu Township, yemule pasture and some villages in suburban township, with an irrigation area of 146000 mu.

mineral resources

Emin county is rich in mineral resources. In 2009, coal, gold, iron, manganese, uranium, copper, crystal, granite, marble, oil, kaolin, chalk, Glauber's salt, gypsum, limestone and so on were discovered. There are two coal seams in the county, with reserves of several hundred million tons.

plant resources

There are abundant natural vegetation, such as Phragmites australis, Achnatherum splendens and Taraxacum mongolicum in the river beach, tultiao, wild rose, hawthorn, Lycium barbarum, rose, white shuttle, red willow, cilingdang, ash willow and other shrubs on the shady slopes of deep valleys, and Populus, willow, birch and other economic timber forests. The forest coverage rate in the north of wuerkashaer mountain is 15%, of which the area of kalayamule forest is 280200 mu. In 2009, there were 68 species of trees in Emin County, with willow, poplar, elm and ash as the main species.

Animal resources

There are many kinds of wild animals in the mountain area of Emin. In 2009, more than 200 species of wild animals have been identified. Among them, there are more than 30 species of mammals. Snow leopard, Saiga antelope, yellow goat, red deer, brown bear (bear), snow rabbit, argali, stone mink, lynx (Lynx), etc. are listed as the first and second level protected animals by the state. In addition, there are red fox, ferret, badger, wild boar, marmot, yellow rat, silver rat, water rat, hedgehog and so on.

There are about 40 kinds of birds. Among them, white stork, black stork, Golden Eagle, jade belt sea eagle, great bustard, swan, black grouse, black bellied sand chicken and Demoiselle Crane are listed as first and second class protected animals. In addition, there are yellow duck, mallard, mallard, wild goose, heron, pheasant, stone chicken, tit dove, cuckoo, magpie, cuckoo, woodpecker, warbler, owl, swallow, lark, ground crow, sparrow, crow, armored soldier, small fish hawk, etc.

Amphibians and reptiles include toad, lizard, snake, Lake frog, etc.

Population nationality

At the end of 2013, the total number of households in Emin county was 61700, with a total population of 167300, including 42300 urban residents and 18100 households. The birth rate is 16.5 per thousand, the death rate is 4.5 per thousand, the natural growth rate of the population is 12 per thousand, the ratio of male to female is 106: 100, and the gender ratio of registered residence gender is 102: 100.

Emin county is a multi-ethnic area. As of 2009, there are 22 ethnic groups living in Emin County, with a total of 88500 ethnic minorities. Among them, Han, Kazak, Uygur, Mongolian and Hui Nationalities have a population of more than 5000. Kazak people mostly live in kalayamule Township, yushikalasu Township, Shanghu Township, lamazhao Township, Erdaoqiao Township, erzhihe ranch, salyemule ranch and towns; Uygur people mostly live in cities and towns; Mongolian people mostly live in cities and towns and two Mongolian townships of emalegoleng and hojiert; Hui people and other nationalities scattered in cities and towns and villages.

Political system

Wang Keyong: Secretary of the county Party committee

Mahsuti Khan gamushapu: Deputy Secretary of the county Party committee and head of the county government

Wu Yi: Deputy Secretary of the county Party committee and Secretary of the political and Legal Affairs Committee

Zhang Chengliang: Deputy Secretary of the county Party committee

Li Rongyuan: member of the Standing Committee of the county Party committee and Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission

Cao Chunshan: member of the Standing Committee of the county Party committee and executive deputy head of the government

Sheherati hasmu: member of the Standing Committee of the county Party committee

Talimu gahpar: member of the Standing Committee of the county Party committee

Jinke: member of the Standing Committee of the county Party committee, deputy chief leader of Liaoyang aid cadres

Li Tiegang: member of the Standing Committee of the county Party committee and head of the United Front Work Department

Li cunpeng: member of the Standing Committee of the county Party committee and director of the Organization Department

Gulibalqing Hu Shaying: member of the Standing Committee of the county Party committee and director of the Propaganda Department

Economic overview

comprehensive

In 2013, the GDP of Emin county was 5.356 billion yuan. The growth rate was 12.6%. The per capita GDP reached 32019.6 yuan, an increase of 10.6%. The added value of the primary industry was 1.43 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%; the added value of the secondary industry was 2.18 billion yuan, an increase of 13.1%; the added value of the industrial economy was 1.19 billion yuan, an increase of 9.1%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 1.746 billion yuan, an increase of 15.4%. three