Moyu County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Moyu County, established in 1919, got its name from karakashi river. Karakashi is a Uyghur language, which means black jade and black jade. The map records of Huangyu in the western regions was written as halahash, and the knowledge of Xinjiang was written as halahash. "Western tongwenzhi" explains: "Hara, black, rich in black jade in the river, hence the name."

It is located in the southwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, bordering Hetian county and Luopu county with karakashi River in the East, Gobi County in the west, Pishan County in the west, north foot of Karakorum mountain in the south, Taklimakan Desert in the north and Awati County in the north, with a total area of 25788.86 square kilometers.

By 2011, the GDP of Moyu county will reach 2.11 billion yuan, an average annual increase of 12.9%, accounting for 17.6% of the GDP of Hotan. The three industrial structure is 44.8:10.3:44.9, the proportion of primary industry is decreasing year by year, the proportion of secondary and tertiary industry is increasing year by year.

On July 11, 2018, Moyu county was selected into the list of the first batch of "intangible cultural heritage + poverty alleviation" key support areas.

In 2020, Moyu county will withdraw from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties and achieve poverty alleviation.

Historical evolution

Han and Tang Dynasties

During the Han and Tang Dynasties, it was under the control of Khotan.

In the second year of shenjue (60bc), the Western Han Dynasty set up the capital of the western regions.

In the first year of Yuanshou (2 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, the king of Khotan accepted the seal of the Han Dynasty, and his subordinate officials were granted official posts by the Han Dynasty, which improved the rule of the Han Dynasty in the western regions.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were 55 countries in the western region, and Khotan was still a big country. By the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Khotan was more powerful, and successively annexed Jingjue, Ronglu, qule, Pishan, Jimi and other countries. From Jingjue to Shache, the thirteen countries were subordinate to Khotan.

In 675, Emperor Gaozong set up Pisha Dudu Fu in Khotan, which was divided into ten states and belonged to Anxi Dufu.

Song and Yuan Dynasties

In the third year of Jingde in the Northern Song Dynasty (1006), the karahan Dynasty destroyed "Dabao Khotan". Khotan belongs to the karahan Dynasty, and Moyu county belongs to the karahan Dynasty.

In 1212, the eastern karahan Dynasty perished, and the Western Liao dynasty ruled Khotan. Today, Moyu county belongs to the Western Liao Dynasty.

In 1218, Genghis Khan destroyed the Western Liao Dynasty.

In 1271, Kublai Khan established the Yuan Dynasty, and Khotan, including Moyu, became the direct jurisdiction of the Yuan Dynasty.

In 1279, the Yuan Dynasty established xuanweisidu Marshal's office in Khotan, and Moyu county was under the jurisdiction of xuanweisidu Marshal's office.

The Qing Dynasty

In 1759, the Qing Dynasty set up a minister of affairs in Hetian, and Mo Yu was under the jurisdiction of the Minister of affairs in Hetian.

In 1762, Kashgar set up a counsellor minister. The prime minister was eight cities in southern Xinjiang. Moyu was one of the six cities of Hetian.

From 1882 to 1884, Khotan county was once located in karakashi.

Guangxu nine years (1883), home and Khotan Zhili Prefecture, Moyu region is under the jurisdiction of Khotan Zhili Prefecture.

the Republic of China era

In 1913, Hetian Zhili Prefecture was changed into Hetian County, and Moyu county was under the jurisdiction of Hetian county.

In 1919, Moyu county was established.

In the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920), Hetian road was established, and Moyu county was under the jurisdiction of Hetian road.

In 1928, Hetian road was changed to Hetian chief executive office, and Moyu county was under the jurisdiction of Hetian chief executive office.

In 1943, the office of the chief executive of Khotan was changed to the seventh administrative region of Xinjiang Province, and the office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision was established. Moyu county was under the jurisdiction of the office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision.

New China period

In 1950, the office of Hetian special region commissioner was established, which belongs to Moyu county.

In 1969, the Hetian regional Revolutionary Committee was established. Moyu county belongs to the Hetian region.

On December 26, 2014, yingati village and humdan village of yawa Township in Moyu county were assigned to the 224th regiment of the 14th division.

administrative division

In 2013, Moyu County governs 2 towns and 14 townships: Kalakashi Town, kersai Township, kuiya Township, Zawa Township, aksalayi Township, wuerqi Township, Tuohula Township, sayibage Township, jiahanbage Township, puqiakqi Township, Manglai Township, kuoyiqi Township, yawa Township, tuwaite Township, yingyar Township and kawak township.

geographical environment

Location context

Moyu county is located in the southwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the northwest of Hotan region, the north foot of Kunlun Mountain, the west side of karakashi River, and the south edge of Taklimakan Desert. The geographical coordinates are 36 ° 36 ′～ 39 ° 38 ′ n, 79 ° 08 ′～ 80 ° 51 ′ e, and the altitude is 1120 ～ 3663m. It borders Hetian county and Hetian city in the East, Pishan County in the west, Taklimakan hinterland in the north, Awati County in Aksu region and Bachu County in Kashgar region. 1440 km from Urumqi. It is 45-112.5 km wide from east to west and 319.5 km long from north to south. The land area is 25624.02 square kilometers, accounting for 1.6% of the total area of Xinjiang and 10.34% of the total area of Hotan.

landforms

The terrain of Moyu county is high in the South and low in the north, with an altitude of more than 1120-3600 meters. In the south, there are undulating mountain areas, and in the middle, there are flood alluvial fan plains.

climate

The climate of Moyu county is warm temperate, dry and desert climate, with four distinct seasons. It is hot in summer, dry and less rain. It heats up quickly in spring, cools down quickly in autumn, has less precipitation, sufficient light, long frost free period, and large temperature difference between day and night. The annual average temperature is 11.3 ℃, the average temperature in January is - 6.5 ℃, the average temperature in July is 24.8 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 18.7 ℃, the annual average precipitation is 36-37 mm, the evaporation is 2239 mm, the frost free period is 177 days, and the annual sunshine hours is 2655 hours.

Population nationality

By 2011, the total population of Moyu county was 531100, including 16 ethnic groups, including Uygur, Han, Hui, Mongolian and Kazak, of which Uygur accounted for 97.19%.

natural resources

land resource

In 2011, the total land area of Moyu county was 34.65 million mu, of which 6.945 million mu was suitable for agriculture, accounting for 20.03% of the total area, including 971600 mu of arable land, 545000 mu of existing arable land, 69000 mu of garden land, 4.67 million mu of forest land, 1.28 million mu of natural grassland, 352000 mu of water area and 29000 mu of others.

mineral resources

In 2011, there are gold, diamond, limestone, biotite and other mineral resources in Moyu county.

Biological resources

In 2011, wild plants in Moyu County included licorice, Dayun, reed, Populus euphratica, red willow, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Apocynum venetum, etc.

water resource

In 2011, Moyu county is a typical irrigated agricultural area, with an average annual water diversion of 900-1 billion cubic meters from the karakashi River in 2011, groundwater reserves of 300 million cubic meters, exploitable capacity of 200 million cubic meters, 7 reservoirs, and total water storage of 54 million cubic meters.

Economic overview

overview

In 2013, the GDP of Moyu County reached 1.444 billion yuan, an increase of 12.4% over 2012. The added value of the primary industry was 372 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.5%. The added value of the secondary industry was 649 million yuan, an increase of 13.5% over 2012. The added value of the tertiary industry was 523 million yuan, an increase of 16.9% over 2012. The structure of the three industries is 30.1:18.2:51.7. The per capita GDP was 6927 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.2%.

In 2020, Moyu county will withdraw from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties and achieve poverty alleviation.

primary industry

In 2011, the main food crops in Moyu county were wheat, corn, rice, sorghum, etc. Cash crops include cotton, flax, sunflower, safflower, hemp, tobacco, fennel, etc. Economic trees include Ulmus pumila, poplar, willow, walnut, mulberry, apricot, grape, peach, pomegranate, apple, etc.

In 2013, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Moyu county was 7.562 billion yuan, and the added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 4.704 billion yuan, an increase of 4.1% over 2012. The sown area of grain is 130500 mu, an increase of 6.47% over 2012. The cotton planting area was 268900 mu, an increase of 6.03% over 2012. The oil planting area is 676000 mu, 1.51% less than that in 2012. The vegetable planting area is 136200 mu, 12.3% less than that in 2012. The total grain output was 506500 tons, an increase of 3% over 2012. The total cotton output was 33400 tons, an increase of 16.66% over 2012. The total oil production was 90400 tons, 0.85% less than that in 2012. The total output of vegetables was 213600 tons, 12.09% lower than that in 2012. The fruit output was 104000 tons, 2.66% less than that in 2012. The output of tea was 276 tons, an increase of 68.29% over 2012.

the secondary industry

In 2013, the total industrial output value of Moyu county was 20.69 billion yuan, and the industrial added value was 6.45 billion yuan, an increase of 15.0% compared with 2012. 94 large-scale industrial enterprises completed the total industrial output value of 18.39 billion yuan, and realized the added value of large-scale industry of 4.93 billion yuan, an increase of 16.9% over 2012. The added value of light industry was 2.169 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 14.6%, and that of heavy industry was 2.762 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 25.5%. State owned enterprises increased by 10.5%, collective enterprises by 34.6%, joint-stock enterprises by 21.1%, foreign enterprises and enterprises invested by Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan