Wensu County, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Wensu County, belonging to Aksu region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is located at the south foot of Tomur peak in the middle part of Tianshan Mountain in the west, on the northwest edge of Tarim Basin, bordering Baicheng and Xinhe counties in the East, Aksu City in the south, Wushi County across the toshigan River in the West, and the border of Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan Republic and Xinjiang Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in the north Zhaosu County borders. It is between 40 ° 52-42 ° 15 'n and 79 ° 28' - 81 ° 30 'e, 171 km long from east to west and 158 km wide from north to south, with a total area of 14569.3 square kilometers.

Wensu is a place name of western regions in Han Dynasty. It is called "Aksu kuonaxieher" in Uyghur language, which means "old city of Aksu". It also means "more water" in Uyghur language. Wensu is one of the 36 countries in the ancient western regions. It is also a famous commercial port on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, ban Chao, kumaroshi, Xuanzang, LiBai, Lin Zexu and other historical celebrities have left their historical footprints. The thousand year old tombs, gaolaozhuang site, Liushahe, Prince's tomb and Wang Mu's tomb are the witness of the history of the ancient Silk Road.

In 2018, Wensu County governs 8 towns and 5 townships with a total population of 235500, realizing a local GDP of 6.657 billion yuan, including 2.303 billion yuan added value of the primary industry, 2.118 billion yuan added value of the secondary industry, and 2.236 billion yuan added value of the tertiary industry. According to the permanent population, the per capita GDP is 28261 yuan / person (excluding the fifth and sixth regiments of the first agricultural division). The proportion of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in GDP is 35:32:33.

Historical evolution

In the second year of shenjue (60 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, the Huns expelled the king and the sages, fearing that they would be subordinated to the Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty set up the Dufu of the western regions, and Wensu and Gumo were subordinated to the Dufu.

In the 29th year of the Jianwu period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the chariot King Kang of the Han Dynasty was the great Duwei of the western regions. In December of the third year of Yongyuan (1991) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty restored the capital of the western regions to taqian city in kuizi, and the county was under its jurisdiction. In June, 107, the first year of Yongchu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty returned to the capital of the western regions and the garrison officials. The county service belonged to the northern Xiongnu. In the third year of Yanguang (124) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a long history of the western regions was established in the Han Dynasty, under the jurisdiction of which were Gumo and Wensu.

In the period of Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, in February 222, Gumo and Wensu were subordinated to Wuji Xiaowei in the western regions. In January of the first year of Yongning in the Western Jin Dynasty (301), the governor of Liangzhou led the governor of the western regions and Wuji Xiaowei. In December of the first year of Xiankang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (335), the western regions entered the territory of Qianliang, and Gumo and Wensu were under the jurisdiction of their Xihu Xiaowei. In June of the 20th year of Jianyuan (384), Gumo and Wensu belonged to the western regions of the former Qin Dynasty. In July of 393, the fifth year of Linjia in Houliang, Gu Mo was attached to the Dadu of western regions in Houliang. Yixi five years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (409), under the Xiliang. In 414, the reign of Rouran Khan extended to Kumo.

In 422, Wensu and Gumo became ministers of the northern Liang Dynasty. The fourth year of Taiyan in the Northern Wei Dynasty (438) is Rouran. In May of the ninth year of Taiping Zhenjun (448) in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Han Mu led the Xirong Xiaowei to protect the Xirong general, and Gu Mo was controlled by him. In the first year of Yanxing in the Northern Wei Dynasty (471), Kumo was under the command of the western regions of the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the second year of Xuanwu in the Northern Wei Dynasty (507), the service belonged to koudida. In 567, Kumo was ruled by Turks. Later, it belonged to Western Turks.

In the 22nd year of Tang Zhenguan (648), it belonged to the prefecture of Anxi capital. On May 2, the third year of Tang Xianqing (658), Wensu (Su) Prefecture and Gumo prefecture were set up in the county, which were subordinate to Anxi Prefecture. On October 25, the first year of longevity (692), the county was still under the protection of Anxi capital. In November 708, the county was occupied by tuqishi. Later, Suoge, the leader of Tuqi Shi, attached himself to the Tang Dynasty. In the third year of Kaiyuan (715) of Tang Dynasty, Guo Qian was also the protector of Anxi capital. Tang Dynasty enjoyed a great reputation in the western regions. Gu Mo and Wen Su were subordinate to the protector of Anxi capital. In the fifth year of Zhengyuan (789) of Tang Dynasty, Tubo was trapped in Beiting (today's jimusar border), and the county belonged to Tubo. In 893, Wensu and Gumo were influenced by the karahan Dynasty.

During the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, from the first year of Kaiping in the Later Liang Dynasty to the seventh year of Xiande in the Later Zhou Dynasty (907-960), the county belonged to the Department of Geluolu. In 1072-1074, Wensu was the domain of karahan Dynasty. In 1134, Wensu belonged to the Western Liao Dynasty.

In 1072-1074, Wensu was the domain of karahan Dynasty.

In 1134, Wensu belonged to the Western Liao Dynasty.

In 1218, the county was attached to the Mongolian Khanate. In the 20th year of Taizu (1225), the territory of the county was the fiefdom of Chagatai Khan. Chagatai Khan granted the area including Wensu and Gumo to the head of dugrat department. In 1266, the sun haidujie of wokuotai Khan belonged to Chagatai Khanate, and Wensu and Gumo were ruled by him. In 1306, the county was still under the rule of Chagatai Khanate. In the seventh year of Zhizheng reign (1347), the dugrat tribe supported tuheilu Temur as the Chagatai Khan in Wensu.

In 1375-1387 (the eighth to twentieth year of Hongwu reign in Ming Dynasty), the son of tuheilu Timur Khan in Chagatai, the son of Hei Er Huozhe, was established as the East Chagatai Khan by his subordinates, and the county was still under the rule of dugrat.

In June of the ninth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty (1514), saidehan established the Yeerqiang khanate, which ruled the county.

In 1678, the county was ruled by the Ministry of Junggar. In 1757, the Qing government named Wensu as "Aksu". In 1758, Aksu set up a minister. In 1765, the Minister of Aksu moved to Wushi. In 1779, the leader of Wushi was transferred to Aksu. Qianlong 47 years (1882), still in office minister. In the sixth year of tongzhi (1867), Haohan agubai army occupied Aksu and established "zhedshaer". In 1877, the Qing government appeased the aguba invading army, and Aksu set up the General Administration of rehabilitation. Guangxu nine years (1883), home Wensu Zhili Prefecture, and Aksu branch patrol troops prepared Road office in Aksu city. In 1885, the main military and political organs moved to Aksu new city, belonging to Wensu Zhili Prefecture. Guangxu 28 years (1902), Wensu Zhili Prefecture upgraded to the government, the addition of Wensu County, under the Wensu government.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Wensu county was subordinate to Wensu Prefecture along the old system of the Qing Dynasty.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Wensu Prefecture was changed into Aksu County, which was subordinate to Aksu road.

In 1928, Aksu road was changed into the office of the chief executive of the Fourth District of Aksu, and Wensu county was under its jurisdiction.

On May 29, 1958, with the approval of the 77th plenary session of the State Council, Wensu and Aksu counties were merged into Aksu County, the organizational system of Wensu county was abolished, and the county was merged into Aksu County, which was originally divided into one town and four districts.

On October 20, 1962, it was decided by the 117th plenary session of the State Council to resume the governance of Wensu county. The former administrative region of Wensu County, which merged Aksu County, is the administrative region of Wensu county.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1943, four townships were set up in Wensu County, including Dongxiang, Xixiang, Nanxiang and BEIXIANG, with 51 villages under its jurisdiction, namely, Dongxiang governs 24 villages such as pamansuluwa, heizi'er, qiaqilik, zhamutai and xilanqi, Xixiang governs 7 villages such as areli, jigdai and Maigaiti, Nanxiang governs 9 villages such as tuofuhan, kuerbag and Dahan, and BEIXIANG governs 7 villages such as tumuxuke, Langan, qiaglak and sawafqi Zhuang.

In 1936, Wensu county was divided into 8 districts, 11 townships and 5 towns. That is: the first district governs Xinwen Township, the second district governs Zhongxiao Township, the third district governs Renai Township, the Fourth District governs Xinyi and Heping Township, the Fifth District governs Xiaoti and Yucai Township, the Sixth District governs Liyi and Lianmian Township, the seventh district governs minde and Xinmin Township, and the eighth District governs Minai, culture, fairness, Guangming and Yucai township.

In 1943, the Baojia system was implemented. Wensu County governs 2 towns, 4 townships and 46 villages.

In 1944, it was divided into 11 townships and 5 towns.

In 1947, township, Bao and Jia were reorganized. Three townships and three towns were merged into one township and one town, and three Bao and three Jia were merged into one Bao and one Jia.

On April 4, 1969, the Revolutionary Committee of Wensu county was established, and the communes also successively established revolutionary committees, which abolished the system of commune management area.

On March 14, 1980, the second rice farm was canceled, and five teams of the collective part of the farm were added to the 20, 21 and 22 teams set up by the arel commune to form the chagrak commune.

In 1981, the establishment of commune management area was restored.

In 1984, the government and the community were separated, and the original commune, production brigade and production brigade were changed into Township, villagers' committee and villagers' group respectively. At the same time, the system of management area was abolished.

In 1990, Wensu County governed 1 town, 9 townships, 6 residents' committees, 97 villagers' committees and 478 villagers' groups.

In April 2001, Tumuxiuke township was removed from township to town, with 10 administrative villages and 40 villager groups under its jurisdiction.

In December 2001, Jiamu township was removed from township to town, with 12 administrative villages and 62 villager groups under its jurisdiction.

In March 2002, Arele township was removed from the township and built into a town, with 15 villages under its jurisdiction

Chinese PinYin : Xin Jiang Wei Wu Er Zi Zhi Qu A Ke Su Di Qu Wen Xiu Xian