Yanchi County, Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Yanchi County, located in the east of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, is a county under the jurisdiction of Wuzhong City and a famous Tan sheep producing area in Ningxia. In history, it was the border area of Chinese farming and nomadic peoples. The county government is located in huamachi town. County from southeast to northwest for the vast steppe and desert steppe, rich in "salt, fur, Glycyrrhiza" known. The famous Tanyang in Ningxia is the main economic source of Yanchi. There are more than 20 natural salt lakes in the north, East and southwest of the county, so it is named "Yanchi".

On December 7, 2016, Yanchi County was listed as the third batch of national new urbanization comprehensive pilot areas. On September 29, 2018, the government of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region approved Yanchi county to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence. On October 22, 2018, it was selected into the list of pilot areas for the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries in 2018.

In November 2018, it was identified as the first batch of innovative counties (cities) by the Ministry of science and technology. In March 2019, it was listed as the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area sub County list. On December 31, 2019, it will be selected as a typical county of rural innovation and entrepreneurship in China.

Historical evolution

In Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, it was a nomadic land for ethnic minorities and was known as "Rongdi residence" in history.

In the Warring States period, the Qin Dynasty set up Xuyan County in Yanchi County, and Wushi county was the beginning of Administrative Establishment in Ningxia.

After the unification of China by the first emperor of Qin Dynasty, the system of prefectures and counties was implemented, and Xuyan belonged to Beidi county. In the early Han Dynasty, a county was set up.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Yanchi belonged to former Zhao, later Zhao, Former Qin and later Qin.

In 407 A.D., heliansheng, the Tiefei Department of Xiongnu, established the Xia state, with Yanchi as its hinterland.

After the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the north, Xi'an Prefecture was established and Yanchi was under its jurisdiction.

Xi'an was changed into Yanzhou in the Western Wei Dynasty.

In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, most of Yanchi belonged to Wuyuan County of Yanzhou. In Sui Dynasty, Wuyuan County was abolished and Yanchuan County was replaced, and Yanchi was under its jurisdiction. In the Tang Dynasty, Yanchuan County was changed to Yanzhou. During this period, WENCHI county was set up in Huianbao, southwest of Yanchi County, in the Shenlong period (705 or 706 A.D.).

In 553 ad, it was called Yanchuan County in Sui Dynasty, changed to Yanzhou in Tang Dynasty, and was one of 22 states in Xixia state in Northern Song Dynasty.

In Yuan Dynasty, Yanzhou was merged into Huanzhou. In 1443, huamachiying was set up in today's Yanchi in the orthodox eighth year of the Ming Dynasty. In the Chenghua year, huamachicheng city (today's Yanchi County) was built again. In 1493, it was changed to huamachi garrison. In 1507, it was changed to Ningxia garrison.

In Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, the abandoned guard station was renamed as Prefecture and county, and the Ningxia guard station was renamed as Lingzhou huamachi sub Prefecture, belonging to shuofangdao (also known as Ningxia Dao) in Gansu Province.

After the founding of the Republic of China, huamachi Prefecture was changed into Yanchi County in 1913. At this time, Huian, Yanji, Xining and Mengcheng, which were originally under the jurisdiction of Lingzhou, were put under the jurisdiction of Yanchi County.

In 1929, Ningxia Province was established and Yanchi County was under its jurisdiction.

In 1936, Yanchi was liberated by the Red Army of Chinese workers and peasants. After the establishment of the workers and peasants regime (also known as the Soviet), Yanchi was transformed into an anti Japanese democratic regime, belonging to the three side division of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. At this time, the Kuomintang Ningxia Province established a Yanchi County Government in Huianbao, which was under the jurisdiction of Huianbao and Mengbao, which had been abandoned by the Red Army shortly after liberation, forming a situation in which two Yanchi counties coexisted.

In 1947, Chiang Kai Shek's Department of the Kuomintang attacked the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region, and Ma Hongkui's Department of Ningxia sent troops to cooperate and occupied most of Yanchi County. Therefore, when the Yanchi County Government of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region moved to Liyuan bank in the southern mountainous area of the county, the Yanchi County Government of Ningxia Province of the Kuomintang moved to Yanchi County.

In August 1949, the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region recovered Yanchi (it had been restored once in July 1947, and retreated only a month later). Yanchi County Government returned to the county from the mountainous area.

In September 1949, Ningxia Province was liberated, the people's Republic of China was founded, the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region was abolished, and the situation of two Yanchi counties, which coexisted for 13 years, ended. In 1951, Ningxia Province was merged into Gansu Province, and Yanchi county belongs to Hedong Hui Autonomous Region of Gansu Province.

In 1955, Hedong Hui Autonomous Region was changed into Wuzhong Hui Autonomous Prefecture, which belongs to Yanchi County.

In 1958, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was established, and Yanchi county is directly under the autonomous region.

In 1972, Yinnan area was established, Yanchi county belongs to Yinnan area.

In 1998, Yinnan district was changed into Wuzhong City.

On September 29, 2018, the government of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region approved Yanchi county to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence. Yanchi County has become the first county to get rid of poverty.

administrative division

Division evolution

Yanchi County, a total of 10 Fort jurisdiction. After that, the 10 fortresses were divided into four districts. The first district has jurisdiction over xishuibao and tiezhuquanbao; the second district has jurisdiction over biansanbao and waizhibao; the third district has jurisdiction over nanshaiubao and lisanbao (the above are old Liubao); the fourth district has jurisdiction over Huian, Yanji, Xining and Mengcheng. The four fortresses in the fourth district are commonly known as the new four fortresses.

After 1936, the administrative divisions of the two counties were different. Yanchi County in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region consists of districts, townships and villages. At the beginning, it was divided into 4 districts and 22 townships, namely, 5 townships in the urban area, 5 townships in the north and 5 townships in the south, and 7 townships in the West.

In the summer of 1937, Dingbian county put the former Yanchi area under the jurisdiction of the Red Army under the Second District of Dingbian county. Jinggou, Erdaogou, Hongjingzi, dashuikeng, supuzi, liyuanpan and other areas under the jurisdiction of Dingbian county were put under the jurisdiction of Yanchi. Yanchi county established the Fifth District and governed five townships. At the same time, the original four districts were renamed as the first, second, third and fourth districts, and the residences of each district were also changed.

In the autumn of 1942, the first and second townships in the second district were divided into the first district and merged into the sixth Township in the first district; the fourth and seventh townships in the third district were divided into the first and second townships in the second district; the sixth Township in the third district was changed into the fourth Township in the third district. The original five districts and 27 townships were adjusted to five districts and 26 townships.

In 1947, after Ma Hongkui occupied Yanchi County, Yanchi county government moved to the southern mountainous area of the county (within the Fifth District). In 1948, the Fifth District added the sixth and seventh townships and two townships.

From 1936 to 1940, Yanchi County was under the jurisdiction of two townships and seven guarantees. The first township is located in Huianbao, which has jurisdiction over four Bao, the first Bao is Huianbao, the second Bao is Yanji Bao, and the third Bao and the fourth Bao are all located in xiningbao; the second township is located in Mengcheng, which has jurisdiction over three Bao, namely Mengcheng, niupigou and gaoyaozi.

In 1940, Xiamaguan, Weizhou and hongchengshui in Tongxin county were assigned to Yanchi County. At this time, three townships and eight guarantees were added: three townships in Weizhou (under the jurisdiction of Three Guarantees), four townships in hongchengshui (under the jurisdiction of two guarantees), and five townships in Xiamaguan (under the jurisdiction of Three Guarantees).

In 1943, hongqibao in Jinji county was assigned to Yanchi and set up as six townships (located in guankouwan, under the jurisdiction of two guarantors). So far, it has jurisdiction over 7 townships and 17 guarantors. In 1949, Ningxia was liberated, and the situation of the two Yanchi counties ended. Weizhou, Xiamaguan and hongchengshui returned to Tongxin county.

In August 1949, Yanchi County, the border region, restored the occupied area, liberated Huianbao, Mengcheng and other places in Yanchi County, Ningxia Province, immediately restored the people's political power of the original five districts and their respective townships, and established Huianbao, Mengcheng and other places as the Sixth District, stationed in anningbao, with jurisdiction over four townships. So far, Yanchi County after unification has jurisdiction over six districts and 32 townships.

In 1952, the seventh district was set up in Huangma mountain, and most of the areas under its jurisdiction were designated by the Fifth District; the original 32 townships were adjusted to 40 townships. In 1955, the number of townships in seven districts was reduced to 29, and Chengguan Township was replaced by Chengguan town.

In 1958, the people's commune was established on the basis of the original seven districts, which were five-star, national day, red star, courageous, spark, pioneer and leap forward, and the system of districts and townships was abolished. Soon, the communes were renamed Chengjiao, yuzhuangzi, wanglejing, houjiahe, dashuikeng, Huianbao and Mahuangshan communes. The suburban commune is located in the county, with 7 brigades of Chengguan, great wall, lijiagouyan, liutangbao, chenjiaquan, bachaliang and wangzhuangzi; yuzhuangzi commune is located in Gaoshawo, with 5 brigades of Gaoshawo, yingyingbao, erbukeng, subujing and Jijigou; wanglejing commune is located in hejiadun, with 5 brigades of hejiadun, Shishanzi, niumaojing, sunjilou and guantan; houjiahe commune is located in houjiahe It has jurisdiction over wujiyoufang, taipingmiao, houjiahe, gufengzhuang, baojichun and siliuzhuang; dashuikeng commune has jurisdiction over dashuikeng, liutiaojing, quanwanzi, wujialechang, Hongjingzi, Mafang and supaozi; Huianbao commune has jurisdiction over Huianbao, yeerzhuang, xiningbao, langbuzhang, Mengcheng and yanjibao; Mahuangshan commune has jurisdiction over Huianbao Mahuangshan has seven brigades: sunjishui, Shijiawan, chenjiawazi, shayaoling, zhaojiawan, xiagaoyao and Mahuangshan.

In the winter of 1960, Yu Zhuangzi commune was renamed Gaoshawo commune. In 1961, from the three communes of houjiahe, Huianbao and dashuikeng, a part of the area was set up, and Ma'erzhuang commune was added, which was stationed in Ma'erzhuang, and governed four brigades of Ma'erzhuang, laoyanchi, Fengjigou and siliuzhuang. In 1968, houjiahe commune was renamed Qingshan commune.

In 1976, except for Qingshan commune, the other seven communes were divided into two. The suburban commune is divided into liuyangbao commune, Gaoshawo commune into subujing commune, wanglejing commune into yaergou commune, dashuikeng commune into Hongjingzi commune, Ma'erzhuang commune into Fengjigou commune, Huianbao commune into Mengcheng commune, Mahuangshan commune into houwa commune. Yanchi County governs 15 communes.

In 2000, Yanchi County had jurisdiction over 3 towns and 13 townships.

In 2003, the administrative division of Yanchi County was adjusted from 13 townships and 3 towns to 4 townships and 4 towns, namely, merging Chengguan Town, Chengjiao Town, liuyangbao town and chengxitan Diaozhuang to establish huamachi town; merging Gaoshawo town and subujing town to establish Gaoshawo town; merging dashuikeng town and Hongjingzi town to establish new dashuikeng town; merging huianpu town and Mengcheng town to establish new town Huianpu town

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