Jianzha County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Jianzha county is located in the southeast of Qinghai Province and the north of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The northeast of Jianzha county is mostly bounded by the Yellow River and faces Hualong Hui Autonomous County. It borders Xunhua Salar Autonomous County in the southeast, guide County in the West and Tongren County in the south. The county is about 87 kilometers long from north to South and 48 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 1714 square kilometers. As of 2011, the total population is 54300, including 40000 ethnic minorities, and Tibetans account for 62% of the total population. The county governs 3 towns and 6 townships.

Jianzha county has profound religious culture and is the birthplace of Tibetan Buddhism. Kambla National Geopark is famous for its "Danxia" scenery composed of red gravel. There are Nanzong temple, nunnery temple and nanzongzha temple in the park. It is the only religious place where monks, Buddhists and nuns coexist in Qinghai Province. It is an important tourist attraction in Qinghai Province after Ta'er temple and Qinghai Lake.

It is the plateau water training base for Chinese rowing and canoeing, and also the only "hometown of Chinese National Archery".

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. On April 21, 2020, the people's Government of Qinghai Province issued an announcement, agreeing to withdraw Jianzha county from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

Evolution of organizational system

Jianzha county was a place of Western Qiang in pre Qin and early Western Han Dynasty.

In the second year of shenjue (60bc) of Xuandi in the Western Han Dynasty, heguan county (zhiguide Heyin) was set up in the Han Dynasty.

In the seventh year of Yongjia (313 A.D.) of Huaidi in the Western Jin Dynasty, Jianzha area was the active place of Tuyuhun.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, Jianzha area was under the jurisdiction of Douhe county (zhiguide Heyin town) which was set up by Houliang lvguang.

In 576, Dahua County was set up in Jianzha County of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. It was located in the Zhiganglaka area, under the jurisdiction of kuozhou, and governed Heyin town of guide.

Tang Gaozong Yonghui six years (655 years), now Jianzha belongs to michuan County, Li kuozhou, rule Hualong Group family.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was a dependency of the kusiluo regime. In 1109, Jianzha became the jurisdiction of Jishi army of Song Dynasty. In the first year of Shaoxing (1131), Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty, it fell into the jurisdiction of jinjishi prefecture (zhiguide Heyin town).

In the Yuan Dynasty, Jianzha area was under the jurisdiction of guidezhou and was under the jurisdiction of the Marshal's office of xuanweishi situ in Hezhou and Tubo.

In the Ming Dynasty, Jianzha county is under the jurisdiction of the thousand households of guide Shouyu. Lihe Zhouwei.

In the Qing Dynasty, today's Jianzha area is under the jurisdiction of guide hall.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), the Department was changed to a county, and now Jianzha is under the jurisdiction of Guide county.

In April 1952, the Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to set up the Jianzha District Working Committee, with the Sixth District of guide and the Angla district as the working areas.

On June 2, 1953, Jianzha county was officially established from guide County, directly under the people's Government of Qinghai Province. On December 22 of the same year, it belonged to the Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Region, which was established today.

In May 1955, the autonomous region became an autonomous prefecture. Guide county now belongs to Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.

administrative division

In 2000, Jianzha county had jurisdiction over 2 towns and 10 townships. Among them, each township: maketang Town, Kangyang Town, Zhiganglaka Township, Kanbula Township, Duojia Township, Jiajia Township, cuozhou Township, jiarang Township, Angla Township, Nengke Township, dangshun Township, jianzhatan Township, Lijiaxia virtual town.

On March 19, 2001, the people's Government of Qinghai province gave an official reply: the three townships of Kanbula, Duojia and Zhiganglaka in Jianzha county were abolished, and the town of Kanbula was merged (the town government is located in Lijiaxia); jiarang township was abolished and merged into marktang town.

By the end of 2001, Jianzha county had jurisdiction over three towns, six townships, four communities and 79 villages (herdsmen).

As of 2011, Jianzha county has jurisdiction over 3 towns, 6 townships and 86 administrative villages.

geographical environment

Location context

Jianzha county is located in the southeast of Qinghai Province and the north of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The northeast of Jianzha county is mostly bounded by the Yellow River and faces Hualong Hui Autonomous County. It borders Xunhua Salar Autonomous County in the southeast, guide County in the West and Tongren County in the south. The county is about 87 kilometers long from north to South and 48 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 1714 square kilometers.

Geology and geomorphology

Jianzha county is high in the West and low in the East, with the lowest altitude of 1960 meters and the highest altitude of 4614 meters, with a relative elevation difference of 2654 meters. There are obvious vertical differences in valley, low mountains and hills, and middle and high mountains. The mountain range in the territory is the remnant of the West leaning mountain. From the southwest to the northwest, there are zhegoli mountain, gega mountain, sejian mountain, Shenbao mountain, Zhama mountain, etc., with an altitude of more than 3500 meters.

climate

Jianzha county has a plateau continental climate, which is a special climate area of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The annual average temperature is 7.8 ℃, the annual sunshine hours are 4432 hours, the annual average precipitation is 350-400mm, and the frost free period is 186 days. The highest extreme temperature was 34.1 ℃ (June 28, 1988), and the lowest extreme temperature was - 19.8 ℃ (January 17, 1961).

natural resources

Hydropower resources

"Mother River" - the Yellow River runs through the north and south, with a flow of 96 kilometers. It has six hydropower stations, including Lijiaxia, Zhiganglaka, Kangyang, Caitang, gulangdi and dangshun, with a total installed capacity of 2.0123 million kilowatts. It is an important energy base in Qinghai. The Yellow River has a vast water area. With the completion of several hydropower stations, the county has formed an area of 60 square kilometers of water.

Biological resources

There are dozens of wild animals in Jianzha County, including marmot, fox, lynx, snow sweeper, otter, snow pheasant, musk deer, flying squirrel, rock sheep, ring necked pheasant, dove, rock pigeon, Sumen antelope, blue eared pheasant, snow leopard and so on. There are more than 120 kinds of wild economic plants in plant resources.

Mineral resources

Jianzha county has more than 10 mineral resources, such as iron, copper, lead, gold, mica, coal, limestone and so on. More than 90% of the calcium fluoride has been identified, which is the necessary additive for smelting high-grade steel. The reserves of calcite are large and coexist with Iceland spar.

Population nationality

As of 2011, Jianzha county has a total population of 54300, including Tibetan, Hui, salar, Tu and other ethnic groups, with Tibetans accounting for 62% of the total population.

Economic overview

overview

In the first half of 2013, Jianzha county's GDP reached 1.15 billion yuan, an increase of 16.29% compared with 2012. Among them, the primary industry completed 49 million yuan, an increase of 5.5% compared with 2012; the secondary industry completed 892 million yuan, an increase of 20.66% compared with 2012; the tertiary industry completed 209 million yuan, an increase of 15% compared with 2012. The local general budget revenue was 44.57 million yuan, an increase of 18.5% compared with 2012; the investment in fixed assets was 406 million yuan, a decrease of 14.84% compared with 2012; the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 49.06 million yuan, an increase of 14% compared with 2012.

primary industry

In the first half of 2013, Jianzha county invested 6.52275 million yuan in agriculture and animal husbandry, planted 8697 mu of walnut economic forest, implemented 4010 mu of potato full film mulching double ridge rainwater harvesting technology project, and established 500 mu of virus-free seed potato production base. There are 62 large-scale livestock and poultry farms in the county, including 47 cattle and sheep fattening farms, 1 dairy farm, 6 layer farms, 6 pig farms and 2 special farms. At the end of the year, there were 230000 livestock and poultry in stock and 110000 fattening cattle and sheep in stock. 10 aquaculture farms were established, 242 net cages with an area of 15600 square meters were built, and 1.08 million fish were raised in net cages; 110 Mu ponds were built, 150000 hairy crabs were raised, and 12 kinds of aquatic products were produced.

the secondary industry

In the first half of 2013, Jianzha County started the construction of 116 projects, including 57 new ones and 59 new ones. The total investment is 168 million yuan for Lijiaxia south main canal project, with an investment of 34.2 million yuan; the total investment is 215.8 million yuan for the Yellow River Valley 1 million mu land development and consolidation project, with an investment of 160 million yuan; the development and construction of Binhe new area is comprehensively promoted, with an investment of 39.53 million yuan for the party and government office building, 17.85 million yuan for the court building, 22.2456 million yuan for the sewage treatment plant, and 12.8 million yuan for the construction of Binhe new area The Jixiang road with an investment of 10.5 million yuan, Binhe Road with an investment of 10.5 million yuan, Shenbao East Road with an investment of 15.5 million yuan, archery hall with an investment of 15.338 million yuan, and Himalayan folk culture village with an investment of 125.8 million yuan have all started construction.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

In the first half of 2013, the amount of investment in the development of Kanbula tourism and culture project in Jianzha County reached 99.5 million yuan; the construction project of Houhong culture zongkaba memorial park with an investment of 690 million yuan has been completed with an investment of 30 million yuan; the main body of the four-star hotel with an investment of 150 million yuan has been capped; by the end of July, the scenic spot of Kanbula has received 62500 domestic and foreign tourists and achieved a comprehensive tourism income of 6.8 million yuan . The county's cultural industry sales revenue reached 22.294 million yuan, and the number of cultural industry employees reached 15.38 million; the county received 400000 domestic and foreign tourists, and achieved a comprehensive tourism income of 70 million yuan.

social undertakings

Cultural undertakings

In 2013, Jianzha county completed the construction of 19 Temple libraries and 6 public electronic reading rooms of township cultural stations; completed the application of six state-level intangible cultural heritage projects, including the production techniques of multicolored divine arrows and wooden arrows, Nanzong nun chanting music, Angla guomoche, andozere, Renqing jiancuogesar painting art, and Jianzha Dayton banquet.

education

There are 13 schools in Jianzha county. In 2013, Jianzha county invested 115 million yuan to implement 48 projects

Chinese PinYin : Qing Hai Sheng Huang Nan Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Jian Zha Xian