Mian County, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province

Mianxian County, a county under the jurisdiction of Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, is located in the south of Shaanxi Province, at the western end of Hanzhong Basin, with Qinling Mountains in the north and Bashan mountains in the south, and in the main areas of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu. Mianxian County governs 19 towns and 242 administrative villages, covering an area of 2406 square kilometers, with a total population of 428100 (2014). Mianxian county is rich in resources, unique biological resources, warm and humid climate. Hanjiang River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, runs through the whole territory, with Pearl River basins and forest coverage of 58%. Mianxian is located in the golden triangle of "Mian Lue Ning" with large reserves and high grade of mineral resources. It is praised as the "ural" of Asia by geologist Li Siguang. It is an important metallurgical and chemical industrial base in Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province.

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce. In March 2019, it will be listed in the first batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics. On February 27, 2020, the people's Government of Shaanxi Province approved that Mianxian County officially withdrew from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

History of construction

In 191, Zhang Lu occupied Hanzhong and changed Hanzhong County into Hanning County, which belonged to Mianyang county. Weijingyuan four years (263) home Liangzhou, Mianyang County Liangzhou Hanzhong county. In 267, Emperor Wu of the Western Jin Dynasty moved to Liangzhou and ruled Nanzheng, which belonged to Mianyang county. In the third year of Yonghe (347) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Liangzhou was recovered and Mianyang County belonged to Liangzhou. In the first year of Ningkang (373), Liangzhou was occupied by the former Qin Dynasty (Fujian). In the ninth year of Taiyuan (384), Mianyang county was restored to Hanzhong County of Liangzhou. Liangzhou was occupied by the later Qin Dynasty in the first year of Yixi (405) and recovered in the fourth year (408). Mianyang county still belonged to Hanzhong county. In the Southern Dynasties, "Liu Song took his land, and set up Huayang county to govern Baima city (now Wuhou Street), and Mianyang County belonged to Huayang County of Liangzhou. In 504, Emperor Wudi of Liang Dynasty moved Xiahou Dao, the governor of Hanzhong, to Wei Dynasty, and Mianyang County belonged to Huayang County of Northern Wei Dynasty. In the second year of Zhengshi (505) of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Hanyang county was set up in the east of Mianyang county (governing today's Huangsha town); in the middle of Zhengshi (504-508), Yizhong county was set up in the west of Mianyang county (governing today's tongqianba). In the Western Wei Dynasty (535-556), Eastern Yizhou was changed to Changxing Prefecture, which belonged to Mianyang county. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557-581), Mianyang County belonged to Xingzhou. In the first year of kaihuang (581), Mianyang county was withdrawn, and in the third year (583), Huayang county was withdrawn and merged into Yizhong county. In the third year of Daye (607), Gaizhong county was changed to Xi county, belonging to Hanchuan (Hanzhong) county. In 618, the first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, Hanchuan county was abolished and Liangzhou was restored, which belonged to the West County. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), there were ten roads in the whole country. Liangzhou was under the jurisdiction of Shannan road and the West County. In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (773), Shannandao was divided into East and West. The West County belonged to Hanzhong county. In the second year of Qianyuan Dynasty (759), Liangzhou was restored to Hanzhong County, which belonged to the West County. In March of the second year of Xingyuan (784), Dezong came to Hanzhong to avoid the rebellion of Zhuji. In June, when he returned to Chang'an, he was promoted to Liangzhou as Xingyuan Prefecture, which is a precedent in Chinese history. Xi county was promoted to "Ciji county", which belongs to Xingyuan Prefecture. in the Five Dynasties (Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou), Xi county belonged to Xingyuan Prefecture. in the early Northern Song Dynasty, the road was abandoned and the road was set up, and the West County belonged to Xingyuan mansion of Xiaxi road. In the second year of Zhidao (996), Xi county belonged to Da'an army of Lizhou Road (Sanquan County, now Yangpingguan of Ningqiang County); in the third year (997), the army was abolished, and the two counties were subordinate to Xingyuan mansion of Lizhou road. In the third year of Xianping (1000), after the song and Shu dynasties (West), the county should rush to the imperial court (county road record). In the 14th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1144), Lizhou was divided into East and West roads, and the West County belonged to Xingyuan mansion of East Road. After the Mongol army entered, it established Duoshui county (now jiuzhoupu) in the year of Wu Wu (1258), transferred Mianyang county to the former Mianyang county (now jiuzhoupu), and entered Lueyang County in the west of the province. In the early Yuan Dynasty, Xingyuan government was changed to Xingyuan Road, and the West County belonged to Mianyang. Zhiyuan four years (1267) Mianyang Li Guangyuan Road, West County is Mianyang. In the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1370), Xingyuan road was changed into Hanzhong mansion, and the water from the province entered Mianyang. Four years (1371) Zhizhou Wang Yu moved to Mianyang to rule in Xishan gukou (now Wuhou Street). Seven years (1374) in July fell mianzhou Mianxian, Hanzhong Prefecture. In the 21st year of Chenghua (1485), Mian County was subordinate to Ningqiang prefecture (now Ningqiang County). In the 38th year of Jiajing (1559), Hanzhong Fu was restored. In the Qing Dynasty, Mianxian belonged to Hanzhong Prefecture. In 1912, Mianyang county was abolished. In 1913, it belonged to Hanzhong Road. In 1913, the government abolished Hanzhong Road, which belonged to Mianxian county. 17 years (1928) abandoned Road, directly belongs to the province. In 1935, the Sixth District Commissioner Office of Shaanxi Province was set up in Hanzhong. On February 8, 1935, the Fourth Front Army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' red army occupied Mianxian county and established the county Soviet, which belonged to Sichuan and Shaanxi Province (governing Sichuan and Tongjiang). After the red army went northward on February 26, the county government moved from xishangukou to Caiyuan town (now the county seat) in August. Mianxian county was liberated on December 6, 1949 and belongs to the office of administrative inspector general of Hanzhong District of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. In 1950, it belonged to southern Shaanxi Administration. In 1951, it belonged to the office of Nanzheng district commissioner. In 1954, it belonged to Hanzhong District Commissioner's office. Mianxian County, formerly known as "Mianxian", got its name from mianshui. Later, "mian" was changed to "Mian County" with the approval of the State Council on September 10, 1964 because the word "mian" was rare and difficult to recognize. In June 1965, it belonged to Hanzhong High Commission of Shaanxi Province. Since 1978, it has been under the Hanzhong administrative office.

administrative division

geographical environment

position

Mianxian county is located in the south of Shaanxi Province, the west end of Hanzhong City (Hanzhong Basin), and the upper reaches of Hanjiang River. Qinling Mountains in the north, Bashan mountains in the south, and Hanjiang River Valley in the middle. Coordinates: 32 ° 53 ′～ 33 ° 38 ′ n, 106 ° 21 ′～ 106 ° 57 ′ e, 140 km long from north to south, with a total area of 2406 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Hantai District of Hanzhong City in the East, Nanzheng County in the south, Ningqiang County and Lueyang County in the west, Liuba County, Feng county and Liangdang County in Gansu Province in the north.

landforms

The landform is complex and diverse. According to the landform, it can be divided into: central basin area, accounting for 8.8%, South and North hilly area, accounting for 16.4%, north, West and south mountain area, accounting for 74.8%. The terrain is high in the north and low in the East. The highest point is 2621 meters above sea level (congtanliang, miaoping village, changgouhe township), and the lowest point is 513 meters above sea level (Hanjiang River beach, Changlin town).

climate

Mianxian is located in the north subtropical zone. Due to its diverse topography, Qinling Mountains and Bashan mountains face each other in the north and south. Under the same weather background, the mountains are quite different from Pingchuan in cold and warm conditions. It is said that "the height is not the same". It is a typical inland monsoon climate and belongs to the sub humid area. The general climate features are: warm and humid, four distinct seasons. There is less rain and snow in winter, more rain and rain in summer and autumn, the same season of rain and heat, the vertical difference is large, the three-dimensional climate effect is obvious, the spring temperature is unstable, the autumn temperature gradient is large, the light radiation value is low, and the sunshine hours are short.

natural resources

mineral resources

There are 23 kinds of proven mineral resources in Mianxian County, 18 kinds of which have been developed and utilized, and more than 50 places. Among them, there are 7 kinds of metallic minerals: gold, copper, lead, zinc, chromium, iron and manganese; 11 kinds of non-metallic minerals: raw coal, phosphate rock, limestone, dolomite, barite, serpentine, talc, marble, clay, graphite and sulfur. The total resources account for the third place in Hanzhong City, with a potential economic value of 6.1 billion yuan. Among them, gold, copper, lead, zinc, iron, manganese and phosphorus ores, talc, marble, limestone, dolomite, quartz, etc. are of high quality, large reserves and high grade.

plant resources

The main crops are rice, wheat, corn, beans, oil, flue-cured tobacco, vegetables and potato. The output of grain and oil is among the best in Hanzhong City, which is one of the national commodity grain base counties. The wild plants are mainly trees and shrubs, traditional Chinese medicine and forage. There are more than 150 species of trees and shrubs in 58 families in Mianxian county. There are 38 species of timber trees, such as Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus armandii, Pinus tabulaeformis and Toona sinensis; 34 species of economic trees, such as tung oil tree, tea tree, lacquer tree, Galla chinensis, prickly ash, mulberry tree, walnut and pear; and 34 species of firewood trees, such as Quercus acutissima, Quercus acutissima, Quercus acutissima, etc. Six species of Eucommia ulmoides, Ginkgo biloba, jinqianqi, Fraxinus mandshurica, fir and juniper are listed as national protection. Ten rare and precious species are Torreya grandis, Platycladus macrophylla, hawthorn, Aesculus chinensis, Phoebe, hongdousha, Liriodendron chinense, lemon, beech and Trollius chinensis. There are 8 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials with high economic value, including Coptis chinensis, Cortex Phellodendri, Castanea mollissima, Rhus chinensis, Rhus verniciflua, Prunus davidiana, Prunus armeniaca and Actinidia chinensis. A total of 486 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials have been found. Coptis chinensis, Gastrodia elata, Codonopsis pilosula, Polygonum multiflorum, Radix Isatidis and gynostemma pentaphyllum are widely distributed. There are about 24500 mu of grassland in Mianxian county. There are 602 species of grassland plants belonging to 58 families, including about 500 species of forage plants.

Animal resources

In addition to artificially raised livestock and poultry, there are more than 60 families in 25 orders of 5 classes of wild animals, including takin, leopard, hyenas, Golden Eagle, etc. under the first-class national protection, 15 species under the second-class protection, such as blue sheep, gazelle (blue sheep), green deer, golden pheasant, giant salamander (salamander), 6 species under the provincial protection, such as cheetah, Swertia deer (musk deer), great civet cat, bobcat, etc., and 14 species under the general protection Among them, 48 species of natural fish have been identified as aquatic animals, and there are also precious and famous "Bingxue Jiayu". Turtle, shrimp, crab, snail, mussel and eel are also widely distributed and abundant.

population

In 1932, the population of the county was 142200, 14.21% less than that in 1909. In 1945, the population dropped to 120800, a decrease of 7.72% compared with 1932. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the population increased year by year. By 1949, the population had risen to 204100, an increase of 40.81% over the previous 34 years. 1950-1957 was the first high year of population growth

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Han Zhong Shi Mian Xian