Jiangda County, Changdu City, Tibet Autonomous Region

Jiangda County Jiangda county belongs to Changdu city of Tibet Autonomous Region. It is located in the north of Tibet Autonomous Region and the east of Changdu city. It faces Shiqu, dege and Baiyu counties of Sichuan Province across the river in the East, Yushu city of Yushu prefecture of Qinghai Province in the north, Gongjue County in the South and karuo District of Changdu city in the West. It governs two towns of Jiangda and Gangtuo, Dengke, Yanbi, Kagong, Shengda, Niangxi, ziga, qingnidong and Wangbu There are 11 townships including Ding, DEDENG, Tongpu and BOLUO, with 94 administrative villages and 1 residents' committee. The total land area is 13164.09 square kilometers, with 11883 households and 76026 people (2010).

Jiangda is named for its location at the mouth of juepugou. It belongs to a minority area with Tibetans as the main body. It is the junction of Sichuan, Qinghai and Tibet. It is also the gateway of eastern Tibet. The world-famous Sichuan Tibet highway 317 passes through here. In 2014, the GDP of Jiangda county was 1.568 billion yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen was 6425 yuan (including cash income of 4398 yuan).

On February 6, 2019, the people's Government of Tibet Autonomous Region decided to withdraw Jiangda county from poverty-stricken county. China's top 100 water purification counties and cities in 2020.

Evolution of organizational system

According to cultural relics and historical materials, human beings lived and multiplied in Jiangda in ancient times. In the long process of social evolution, the people here lived in groups as tribes, primitive hunting, slash and burn farming, farming and pasturing, suffered from wars and great changes. In the middle of the 7th century, Jiangda became a territory of the Tubo Dynasty.

As early as the 6th century, the traditional religion of the Tibetan ancestors, Benbo, existed in Jiangda county.

It is said that at the end of the 8th century, when master lianhuasheng went to "erluo" (goluo area in Qinghai and Northwest Sichuan) to preach, he influenced and reformed the Benbo religion in the northwest of Kang District, which played a major role in accelerating the integration of Benbo religion and Buddhism in this area.

Jiangda is also the first stop to liberate Tibet. The ferry of the 18th army of Jinsha River is a memorable revolutionary place. After decades of ups and downs, it still retains the historical scenes and the achievements of the ancestors.

In the early years of Xuantong (1909), after the abolition of dege chieftain, it was transferred to Dengke Prefecture in Western Sichuan.

Tongpu county was established in the third year of Xuantong (1911), and Jiangda xilekang was established in the seventh year of the Republic of China (1918).

In March 1951, the jiangdazong Liberation Committee was established.

In April 1959, Jiangda and xidenke merged to form Jiangda County People's government.

In November 2014, Changdu was set up as a city, and Jiangda county is a county under the jurisdiction of Changdu city.

administrative division

As of September 2005, Jiangda county has jurisdiction over Jiangda and Gangtuo towns, Dengke, Yanbi, Kagong, Shengda, Niangxi, ziga, qingnidong, wangbuding, DEDENG, Tongpu, BOLUO 11 townships, a total of 94 administrative villages and 1 residents' committee. The county people's government is located in Jiangda town.

geographical environment

geographical position

Jiangda county is located in 97 ° 15 ′ - 98 ° 53 ′ E and 31 ° 32 ° 36 ′ n. The county is 286 km from east to west and 327 km from north to south, with a total area of 13164.09 square kilometers. It is located in the mountains and valleys of Hengduan Mountains in the north of Tibet Autonomous Region and the east of Changdu City, 1170 km from Lhasa and 1070 km from Chengdu.

topographic features

The terrain of Jiangda county is inclined from northwest to Southeast, which is the valley of Jinsha River Basin, with the lowest altitude of 2800m and the highest altitude of 5436m. The average altitude is about 3800 meters and the height difference is 2636 meters. A large area of forest is growing in the southeast agricultural region with low altitude, which is the dominant area of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. It is in the east of China's snow plateau, in the high mountains and valleys of Hengduan Mountains.

climate

In Jiangda County, the annual average temperature difference is large, the solar radiation is strong, and the sunshine time is long; the maximum temperature is 28 ℃, and the minimum temperature is - 15 ℃. The annual average temperature is 4.5 ℃. The average temperature in January is about - 5 ℃, and the average temperature in July is 13.2 ℃. The average frost free period is 60-80 days, the duration of daily average temperature above 5 ℃ is 150-170 days, and the duration of daily average temperature above 0 ℃ is 200-250 days. The average annual precipitation is 549 mm. The sunshine time is long, the annual temperature difference is small and the daily temperature difference is large, the dry season and rainy season are distinct, and the rain is hot in the same season.

hydrology

Jinsha River is mainly distributed in Jiangda County, and ziqu River and Duqu river flow into Jinsha River respectively;

Population nationality

According to the data of the sixth census in 2010, there are 11883 households with a total population of 76026, including 39218 males and 36808 females. Tibetans account for more than 99%.

natural resources

mineral resources

Jiangda's mineral resources occupy a high position in the whole region. As of September 2014, the proven minerals in Jiangda County include copper, salt, gold, lead, iron, tungsten, sulfur, etc. Yulong copper mine is the largest one in China and the second largest one in Asia. The reserves of the copper mine are 10 million tons, molybdenum 1.5 million tons, tungsten 59800 tons, and sulfur 1.78 million tons. The ore is associated with many kinds of nonferrous metals. In addition, Shajin is distributed in several townships along the Jinsha River. Non metallic minerals such as marble and salt are also abundant.

Biological resources

Animal resources

There are 6 kinds of domestic animals in Jiangda County, such as sheep, goat, yak, yellow cattle, yak and donkey. There are 23 kinds of wild animals, such as bison, argali, rock sheep, black vulture, vulture, red deer, white lipped deer, lynx, kitten, black bear, brown bear, leopard, otter, stone marten, golden cat, monkey, Tibetan fox, snow pig, snow chicken, wild pigeon, dove, Golden Eagle and alpine vulture. In addition, swan and other rare birds were also found.

plant resources

Up to 2014, there are 160 plant species in 42 families, including more than 120 herbaceous species and more than 30 woody species. There are more varieties of wild plants: Jiangda county is one of the larger forest areas in Changdu area, and the main trees are Cunninghamia lanceolata, pine, cypress, birch, etc.; there are also more than 100 kinds of medicinal plants, such as Cordyceps sinensis, Fritillaria, Huanglian, rhubarb, Qinneng, Xuelian, gouqi, qiyeyihua, honeysuckle, etc. In addition, there are many exotic flowers and plants.

Fungi resources

Several towns in Jiangda are also rich in Tricholoma matsutake, Hericium erinaceus, Swertia and other valuable edible fungi.

water resource

There are 147 rivers in Jiangda County, including 116 rivers that can be developed and utilized, which provide drinking water for people and livestock, land irrigation and power generation.

Economic overview

overview

In 2017, the county's GDP was 2.298 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.2%; the investment in fixed assets was 2.262 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 39.45%; the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen was 10191 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.2%; the disposable income of urban residents was 26628 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.6%.

primary industry

As of 2014, the cultivated land area is 94000 mu, the per capita real cultivated land area is 1.15 mu, the grassland area is 16415000 mu, the usable grassland area is 14 million mu, and the forest area is 1.23 million mu. The per capita cash income of farmers and herdsmen reached 4244 yuan, an increase of 14.8% over 2013.

the secondary industry

The national handicraft industry in Jiangda county is mainly distributed in Boluo Township, Yanbi Township, Gangtuo Township, wangbuding Township, Dengke Township and other towns along the Jinsha River. In 2007, more than 360000 pieces of national handicraft products were sold, with a sales volume of 42 million yuan and an output value of 21.78 million yuan, an increase of 8% over 2006. Sales range throughout Tibet and Yunnan, Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu and other Tibetan areas, some by foreign tourists as souvenirs to all parts of the country.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

In the first half of 2015, the added value of the tertiary industry in Jiangda county was 172 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19%. In the first half of the year, the total retail sales of social consumer goods are expected to reach 83.95 million yuan, an increase of 15.1% over the same period of 2014. According to the location of sales units: 66.53 million yuan in urban areas, an increase of 16.4% over the same period in 2014, and 17.42 million yuan in rural areas, an increase of 13.1% over the same period in 2014. The tourism industry continues to maintain the momentum of "high popularity". It is expected that the number of tourists will reach 31934, with a year-on-year growth of 40.8%. The total tourism revenue will reach 3.918 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 6.8%.

social undertakings

education

By the end of 2010, Jiangda county had 65 schools of all levels and types, 43 teaching sites, 7394 primary school students, and the enrollment rate of school-age children was 98.17%. In the 2010-2011 academic year, there are 3705 junior high school students in the county, and the enrollment rate of junior high school is 91.03%. According to the county's basic education development plan, during the 12th Five Year Plan period, the number of junior high school students in the county will reach 4000, and the junior high school enrollment rate will reach more than 95%; the number of primary school students will reach 8000, and the enrollment rate will be more than 98%. We will gradually standardize early childhood education, preschool education and adult education.

The existing building area of primary schools in the county is 43137 square meters, and the average building area of primary school students is 5.71 square meters. The total construction area of middle schools in the county is 41457 square meters, and the average student building area is 12.67 square meters. There are 77737 books in primary schools and 54000 books in middle schools. More than 85% of the schools in the county are equipped with teaching instruments. According to the school project construction plan of the autonomous region, by the end of the 12th Five Year Plan, Jiangda county will complete the construction of affiliated facilities of No.1 middle school and No.2 Middle School, with a total investment of 10 million yuan

Chinese PinYin : Xi Cang Zi Zhi Qu Chang Dou Shi Jiang Da Xian