Weixi Lisu Autonomous County, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Weixi Lisu Autonomous County is under the jurisdiction of Diqing Prefecture, Yunnan Province. The county has three towns and seven townships, including Baohe Town, Yezhi Town, Tacheng Town, Yongchun Town, pantiange Town, baijixun Town, Kangpu Town, Badi Town, Zhonglu town and Weideng Town, with a total of three neighborhood committees and 79 village committees. It is the only Lisu Autonomous County in China.

As early as the Eastern Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, it was a part of Southwest China, a frontier defense fortress in Northwest Yunnan, one of the post transportation channels leading to India, Burma, and kangzang, and also a meeting point of "tea horse exchange" in ancient Northwest Yunnan.

It is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province and the southwest of Diqing Prefecture, facing Shangri La city across the river in the East, Yulong County of Lijiang City in the southeast, Lanping County in the south, Gongshan County and Fugong County in the west, and Deqin County in the north. 219 km away from diqingzhou residence.

It belongs to subtropical and temperate monsoon plateau mountain climate.

By the end of 2019, the county registered residence population of 46972 households, 157279 people; the County permanent population of 160 thousand and 300 people. There are 137930 ethnic minorities, including Lisu, Naxi, Tibetan, Bai, Yi and Pumi.

In 2019, the county's GDP will be 5913.05 million yuan.

In 2019, the forest coverage rate of the whole county will be 76.2%.

On May 17, 2020, it will officially withdraw from the poverty-stricken counties.

Evolution of organizational system

From Tang Dynasty to Song Dynasty, the county was under the jurisdiction of Tubo, Nanzhao and Dali.

In 1277, Linxi County was set up, which was the beginning of county governance.

In the Ming Dynasty, the construction of Linxi County continued. More than a hundred years after the fourth year of Chenghua (1468), Lijiang Mu chieftain and Tubo fought for Linxi County. During the Wanli period (1573-1620), Linxi returned to Lijiang military and civilian government.

In 1727 of the fifth year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty, Weixi hall was built, which crossed Jinsha River in the East, Mangkang County in Tibet in the north, Nujiang River in the West and Dulong River in the northwest, including Weixi County, Deqin County, Gongshan County, Fugong County and Wujing Township in Shangri La County. Weixi hall was under the jurisdiction of Heqing. In the 21st year of Qianlong reign, it was transferred to Lijiang Prefecture after 1756.

In 1913, Weixi County was established, and Deqin, Fugong and Gongshan were designated. In 1948, the 13th Office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision was set up in the county seat.

On May 12, 1949, the people's armed uprising under the leadership of the Weixi Party of the Communist Party of China succeeded in overthrowing the Weixi County government led by the Kuomintang and establishing a temporary people's political power. On October 1 of the same year, Weixi County People's government was formally established under the jurisdiction of Lijiang district. In 1957, it was transferred to Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.

In 1961, the five areas were assigned to Zhongdian County, now Shangri La County.

On December 8, 1965, 10 communes in the Sixth District of Lanping County, Nujiang Prefecture, with 115 production teams, 1950 households and 8071 people, were assigned to Weixi Lisu Autonomous County.

On June 11, 1985, the State Council approved the abolition of Weixi County and the establishment of Weixi Lisu Autonomous County. The people's Government of the Autonomous County was formally established on October 13 of the same year and still belongs to Diqing Prefecture.

In 2001, Weixi Lisu Autonomous County governed one town and nine townships: Baohe Town, Yezhi Township, Tacheng Township, Yongchun Township, baijixun Township, Badi Township, Kangpu Township, pantiange Township, Zhonglu Township and Weideng township.

On July 23, 2002, the Yunnan provincial government approved the removal of Tacheng Township and the construction of Yezhi township.

administrative division

Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province governs autonomous counties, including Baohe Town, Yezhi Town, Tacheng Town, Yongchun Township, pantiange Township, baijixun Township, Kangpu Township, Badi Township, Zhonglu Township and Weideng Township, with 3 neighborhood committees and 79 village committees. It is the only Lisu Autonomous County in China.

In 2019, there will be 1033 villager groups and 23 resident groups in the county.

geographical environment

Location context

Located in the northwest of Yunnan Province and the southwest of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, it faces Shangri La city across the river in the East, Yulong County of Lijiang City in the southeast, Lanping County of Nujiang River in the south, Gongshan County and Fugong County of Nujiang Prefecture in the west, and Deqin County in the North. 219 km from Shangri La City, Diqing Prefecture.

It is located in the hinterland of the world natural heritage "Three Parallel Rivers", between 98 ° 54 ′ ~ 99 ° 34 ′ E and 26 ° 53 ′ ~ 28 ° 02 ′ n. The maximum East-West span of the county is 70 km, and the vertical distance from north to south is 122 km.

landforms

It is located in the area of three parallel rivers. Yunling mountain range is adjacent to Jinsha River in the East and Lancang River in the west, which extends from north to South with fierce cutting and powerful momentum; Biluo snow mountain stands between Lancang River and Nujiang River, with towering peaks and continuous ups and downs, forming a natural barrier. The terrain rises and falls sharply, rising from south to North in a ladder shape. Chabudoga peak, located in the northwest of the county, is 4800 meters above sea level, which is the highest altitude in the county, while the intersection of Lancang River and Biyu River, located in the south of the county, is 1380 meters above sea level, which is the lowest altitude in the county. In the whole county, there are 164 peaks with an altitude of more than 3000 meters. The terrain is narrow in the north and wide in the south. The average altitude of the whole county is 2340 meters, and the altitude of Baohe town is 2320 meters.

The geomorphic types of the county are complex and diverse, including high mountains, river valleys, small basins between mountains, high mountain folds, depressions, dry lake deposits or meadows. There are uneven distribution, different sizes of slope, alluvial and glacial deposits, forming different forms of valley area and alpine grassland, forest farms, forming different levels of Valley platform, alluvial fan and beach.

climate

Located in the low latitude plateau, it belongs to the subtropical and temperate monsoon plateau mountain climate of Kangdian region in West China of Tibet. Its characteristics are: winter is long without summer, spring and autumn are connected, and there are only cold and warm, dry and wet, and big and small rainy seasons. Due to the complex geological structure, great difference in altitude, uneven distribution of light, temperature and precipitation, the three-dimensional climate is formed. The annual average total sunshine hours is 2104.5 hours; the maximum annual average temperature is 15.3 ℃, and the minimum is - 1.5 ℃; the annual average precipitation is 938.1 mm, and the number of precipitation days is 100-160 days; the annual average air pressure is 767.4-773.3 MB; the annual average wind speed is 1.3 m / S; the annual average frost period is 169 days; the annual average snowfall is 11 days.

hydrology

The mountains are high, the forests are luxuriant, the rivers are crisscross, and the water network is dense. Lancang River enters from Dashitou of Badi Township, passes through six townships (towns), flows from Xiaodian village to Lanping, and runs through the whole territory from north to south, with a transit flow of 165 km. Jinsha River passes through the northeast corner of the county, with a transit flow of 13 km. There are 763 mountain streams and rivers in the county, which flow into the two rivers respectively, among which Yongchun River and lapu River are the two largest main streams. Yongchun river passes through three townships and one town, with a flow of 56 km and a drainage area of 811 square kilometers. The annual average flow is 15 m3 / s, and the maximum flow is 80 m3 / s. it irrigates 9500 mu of farmland. The lapu river has a flow of 76 kilometers, a drainage area of 87 square kilometers, an average flow of 18.7 cubic meters per second, and a maximum flow of 330 cubic meters per second. It irrigates 4600 mu of farmland throughout the year. In addition, there are 12 rivers which are tributaries of Lancang River and flow more than 10 km. In addition, there are 33 alpine snow lakes. The river network density is 0.33 km / km2 and the runoff is 3.172 billion cubic meters.

natural resources

land resource

The total area of the county is 4476.5 square kilometers.

In 2019, the county has 22478.27 hectares of arable land.

Hydropower resources

There are many mountains, lakes, rivers and streams in the county, so it is the easiest to develop clean energy hydropower. Hengduan Mountain area is the area with the most concentrated and abundant water resources in China. Weixi is located in the upper reaches of Lancang River and Jinsha River in the "Three Parallel Rivers" and in the middle part of Hengduan Mountain fold belt. It has abundant rainfall, good ecological environment protection and stable surface water runoff. It has unique geographical advantages, such as high mountains and deep valleys, dense rivers, fast flowing rivers, concentrated drop, and unique water resources. There are 763 large and small rivers in the county, 56 primary tributaries of the "two rivers" and 49 exploitable ones. These rivers are characterized by rapid flow, concentrated drop and relatively stable runoff, making it the easiest to build hydropower stations. According to the survey, the water energy reserve of the whole county is 376.94mw, and 311.77mw can be developed and utilized, which is rich in water resources. There are also Lancang River and Jinsha River with great development value in the territory. The Lancang River has a flow of 165 km, an elevation difference of 320 m, a high mountain and deep valley, and a stable water flow. It has excellent conditions for developing large-scale cascade hydropower stations.

mineral resources

It is located in Sanjiang metallogenic belt with abundant mineral resources. Up to 2013, the known mineral deposits include titanium, iron, antimony, copper, gold, silver, lead, zinc, tungsten, manganese, tin, gypsum, oil shale, asbestos, marble, porcelain clay, etc. The exploration work is still in the initial stage, and two medium-sized iron ores have been proved (chugeza iron mine is of C + D grade, with reserves of 48.259 million tons, belonging to medium-sized rich iron ore; Qingfu iron mine is of C + D grade, with reserves of 12 million tons, belonging to medium-sized iron ore).

Biological resources

By 2013, 716 species of vertebrates, 1886 species of harmful insects and 1316 species of resource insects have been found in Weixi Lisu Autonomous County. Among the birds and animals, such as takin, clouded leopard, pangolin, red spotted antelope, red panda, brown bear, Yunnan golden monkey, red bellied pheasant, red bellied horned pheasant, big pheasant, black crowned pheasant, golden cat, snow leopard, white tailed rainbow chicken, are rare animals under state protection. Yunnan snub nosed monkey, one of the first-class protected animals, is another national treasure after the giant panda, with only more than 1000 animals in China

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Di Qing Cang Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Wei Xi Li Su Zu Zi Zhi Xian