Mangshi, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Mangshi, called Menghuan in Dai language, is the capital of Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province of the people's Republic of China. It is located between 98 ° 05 ′ - 98 ° 44 ′ E and 24 ° 05 ′ - 24 ° 39 ′ n, 71 km long from east to west and 62 km wide from north to south, with a total area of 2987 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Longling County in the East and northeast, Ruili City in the southwest, and Lianghe County and Longchuan County across the Longchuan River in the West and northwest Facing each other, the South borders on the Republic of the union of Myanmar, with a border line of 68.3 km. It is a transportation hub leading to Ruili, Longchuan, Yingjiang and Lianghe, and an important gateway for China to South and Southeast Asia.

Mangshi was once a "Menghuan" territory of the Dai nationality. Now it is inhabited by Dai, Han, Jingpo, De'ang, Achang, Lisu and other nationalities, with a total population of 394950 (2012 data).

In 2011, Mangshi was rated as a national health city. On September 29, 2018, according to the research of Yunnan provincial Party committee and provincial government, Mangshi has reached the relevant indicators for the exit of poor counties, met the exit conditions of poor counties, and approved the exit from poor counties. In 2018, the national health city (District) was reconfirmed.

Historical evolution

Today, Mangshi belonged to the "Menghuan" territory of the Dai nationality in ancient times.

In 425 B.C., the "mengzhang" (Baoshan Basin) tribe of the Dai nationality called on all the tribes of the Dai nationality to form an alliance state "mengdaguang" (ailaoguo in Chinese translation), and the "Menghuan" tribe of the Dai nationality joined "mengdaguang" (ailaoguo).

In 69 ad, "mengdaguang" (Ailao state) was attached to the Han Dynasty, and its place was Yongchang County; today Mangshi is Ailao County of Yongchang County.

In 77 A.D., after the failure of zhaodaguang (Ailao king) against the Han Dynasty, he went to the west of Nujiang River to reorganize the alliance state "mengdaguang" (Chinese translation of "Shan State"), and successively established the capital city in "MengMian" (Tengchong), "Mengla" (Yingjiang), "mengmao" (Ruili), "buganmu" (central Myanmar); today Mangshi belongs to "mengdaguang" (Shan State).

In 586 ad, "mengdaguang" (Shan State) was destroyed by the PYU people, "mengmao" (Ruili River valley basin) Dai leaders united with the surrounding Dai "Meng" (States) to form an alliance state, "mengguo zhanbi" (former Guo zhanbi state) to fight against the PYU people and inherit the territory of "mengdaguang"; today Mangshi belongs to "mengguo zhanbi" (former Guo zhanbi state).

In 762 A.D., mengshelong (Nanzhao state) annexed all the tribes to the west of Lancang River and the tribes of mengguo zhanbi state (former Guozhanbi state), and established Yongchang Jiedu and Zhenxi Jiedu in imitation of Tang Dynasty system; today Mangshi belongs to mengshelong (Nanzhao state) Yongchang Jiedu.

In 954 ad, "mengguo zhanbi" (consequence zhanbi state) restored the state, respected Dali state as "menghuoxiang" (the state of gems) and called itself "menghuohan" (the state of gold); today Mangshi belongs to "mengguo zhanbi" (consequence zhanbi state).

In 1261 A.D., the great Mongolia called on all kinds of local tribes west of Lancang River to set up the Department of pacification, such as Jinchi. Mengguo zhanbi (the consequence of zhanbi) was equivalent to disintegration. Today, Mangshi belongs to the Department of pacification, such as Jinchi.

In 1271 ad, the pacification Department of Jinchi and other places was divided into the East pacifier (zhenkang road pacifier) and the West pacifier (Jianning road pacifier). Today, Mangshi is under the jurisdiction of the East pacifier of Jinchi and other places.

In 1278 ad, the Yuan Dynasty (the former great Mongolia) cut the gold teeth and other appeasement department, and the former East Road appeasement envoy set up the Xuanfu Department of zhenkang, Mangshi, ruoyuan and other roads, under the jurisdiction of zhenkang, Mangshi, ruoyuan and other roads; today Mangshi belongs to Mangshi road.

In 1286 ad, the Xuanfu Department of kangmangshi ruoyuan and other roads in Zhenxi were cut off, and the Xuanfu Department of mianluchuan and other roads in Zhenxi were merged into the Xuanfu Department of Jinchi and other places in Dali (later changed to the Marshal's office of Jinchi and other Xuanwei departments in Dali); today Mangshi still belongs to Mangshi road.

In 1312 ad, "mengmao" (Ruilijiang River valley basin) Dai tumusihanfa annexed the surrounding areas and established "mengmaonong" (Chinese translation of "Luchuan state"); today, Mangshi belongs to "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state).

In 1355, "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) was attached to the Yuan Dynasty, where pingmian xuanweisi was set up; today Mangshi belongs to pingmian xuanweisi.

In 1384 ad, "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) was attached to the Ming Dynasty, where Luchuan pingmian xuanweisi was set up; today Mangshi belongs to Luchuan pingmian xuanweisi.

After 1400 A.D., the Ming Dynasty gradually "analyzed Luchuan land" (only the south of Liang, Mangshi, Longchuan, Ruili, Mujie and Nankan of Myanmar remained); in 1428 A.D., Luchuan pingmian xuanweisi broke away from the Ming Dynasty and restored "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) to expand to the surrounding areas; in 1439 A.D., mengmaonong (Luchuan state) defeated the Ming army and occupied the area beyond Lancang River In 1441, 1442 and 1448, the Ming Dynasty devoted half of the country's strength to "three expeditions" in Luchuan; in 1443, the Ming Dynasty set up the Department of Yuyi in Mangshi and conferred the post of the officer of daofangge; in 1444, the Ming Dynasty forced the "mengmaonong" (Luchuan state) regime to "Mengyang" (today's Kachin in Myanmar), and established another Longchuan Xuanhua government Fushi (under the jurisdiction of Longchuan, Zhefang, Ruili, muzie, Nankan, etc.); today's Mangshi is under the jurisdiction of Yuyi Chief Secretary of Mangshi (mangshiba) and Xuanfu Chief Secretary of Longchuan (zhefangba).

In 1584 ad, the Xuanfu division of Longchuan set up the Deputy Xuanfu division of Zhefang (today's Zhefang town of Mangshi and Wanding town of Ruili City); in 1640 ad, the Yuyi chief division of Mangshi was upgraded to the appeasement division of Mangshi.

In 1770, the Qing Dynasty set up "Longling hall" in Lujiang pacification department, and Longling hall controlled Lujiang pacification department, Mangshi pacification department and Zhefang Deputy Xuanfu Department on behalf of Yongchang magistrate; in 1899, the Qing Dynasty made a boundary survey with Britain, and obtained mengbandi (Mangshi Mengjia) and setuqian, which were originally mubang pacification department, and were controlled by Longling hall; today, Mangshi pacification department, Zhefang Deputy Xuanfu department and Mengfu Department belong to Mangshi pacification department Bantuqianzong, all belong to Longling hall.

In 1912, the Dianxi road observation envoy of Yunnan Province of the government of the Republic of China set up the mangban catapult committee above the Mangshi pacification department and Mengban Tuqian general, and the zhemao catapult committee above the Zhefang Deputy Xuanfu department and mengmao pacification department.

In 1915, the mangban and zhemao members were abolished, and Mangshi pacification department, Zhefang Deputy Xuanfu department and Mengban Tuqian general committee were set up as mang and zhemao administrative members.

In 1932, the administrative committee of mang Shiban was removed and the mang Shiban Administration Bureau (Mengjia) was established. In 1934, the mang Shiban Administration Bureau was renamed Luxi Administration Bureau. In 1936, the original three chieftains were divided into districts and townships (towns). Luxi administration bureau had jurisdiction over 3 districts, 24 townships and 4 towns.

In 1949, Luxi County was set up to govern Mangshi. Fang Ke, the deputy chief of the chieftain of Mangshi, was competent as the head of the county.

In 1950, the 121st regiment of 41st division of the 14th army of the Chinese people's Liberation Army entered Mangshi. The military and political delegation that arrived with the PLA took over the national government of Luxi County and established the people's Government of Luxi County, which was subordinate to Baoshan District.

In 1952, the town of Wanding was designated in Luxi County, with jurisdiction over 3 districts and 24 townships (towns and streets).

In 1953, Luxi County was assigned to Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous region.

In 1954, gaogengtian and other seven townships were transferred from Lianghe County to Luxi County.

In 1956, Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous region was changed into Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture. Luxi County belongs to Dehong Prefecture and governs 9 districts (stations) and 61 townships (towns).

In 1958, Luxi County was re divided into 15 people's communes, and 8 villages including manling were under the jurisdiction of Luxi County, which were under the jurisdiction of Wanding town; in 1959, 15 villages including Moli were under the jurisdiction of Luxi County, which were under the jurisdiction of Ruili; in 1960, 50% of the villages under the jurisdiction of Bengbu Township were under the jurisdiction of Longchuan County.

In November 1969, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture was abolished, and Luxi County was assigned to Baoshan area.

In 1971, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture was restored, and Luxi County was transferred to Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture.

In 1984, people's communes were changed into districts and townships; in 1987, districts and townships were changed into townships (towns) and village communes (offices), with jurisdiction over 84 administrative villages (offices) of 4 towns, 11 townships.

On October 28, 1996, Luxi County was abolished and Luxi City at county level was established.

In 1998, Fengping Township, FAPA Township and Chengjiao Township were set up as towns; Luxi City has jurisdiction over 7 towns, 8 townships, 80 village committees and 4 residents committees.

In 2004, the neighborhood committee of Mangshi economic development zone was set up; Luxi City governs 7 towns, 8 townships, 80 village committees and 5 residents committees.

In November 2005, Chengjiao town and xiangguntang town merged into Mangshi Town, FAPA town and Fengping town merged into Fengping Town, Dongshan Town and Zhefang town merged into Zhefang Town, and Luxi City governed 5 towns and 6 townships.

In December 2005, Luxi City established the Industrial Park Management Committee.

In December 2007, Menghuan sub district office was set up under the jurisdiction of Mangshi town; Luxi City has 80 villagers' committees and 13 community neighborhood committees.

In July 2010, Luxi City was renamed Mangshi.

administrative division

Mangshi governs 1 Street (Menghuan Street), 5 towns (Mangshi Town, Zhefang Town, Mengjia Town, Manghai Town, Fengping town), 5 townships (Xuangang Township, Jiangdong Township, Xishan Township, Zhongshan Township, wuchalu township), 1 nationality township (Santaishan De'ang township), 80 villagers' committees, 13 residents' committees, 719 natural villages and 1008 villagers' groups, and Zhefang farm Management Committee (with 4 branches, 31 production teams and 2 directly subordinate units).

Current leader

Mao Xiao, Secretary of the CPC mang Municipal Committee and mayor of the Municipal People's government.

geographical environment

details

position

Mangshi is located in the west of Yunnan, Southeast of Dehong Prefecture, 98 ° 01 ′ - 98 ° 4 east longitude

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng De Hong Dai Zu Jing Po Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Mang Shi