Eryuan County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Eryuan County is one of the counties under the jurisdiction of Dali Prefecture in Yunnan Province. It is located in the north of Dali City, the source of Erhai Lake. Covering an area of 2875 square kilometers, it is a minority county with 24 nationalities, including Han, Bai, Yi, Hui, Dai and Lisu, and mainly Bai nationality. At the end of 1999, it had a total population of 320400. Due to its rich natural resources, Eryuan is praised as "the land of fish and rice", "the land of plum", "the land of dairy cows", "the land of hot springs", "the land of Orchids", "the land of plateau water" and "the land of Suona".

On September 29, 2018, Eryuan County was approved to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county by Yunnan provincial Party committee and government. China's top 100 summer leisure counties and cities in 2020.

Historical evolution

Eryuan, from the Western Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, belongs to Yeyu county. In the first year of Tang Linde (664), there were langqiong, dengbei, Sheli and other states in the territory. Among the six imperial edicts, langqiong, Dengfu, Shilang were in the territory, and langqiong was in Nanzhao.

In Dali, there were ningbeifu, Dengfu and Fengyu counties.

In the seventh year of emperor Xianzong of the Yuan Dynasty (1257), langqiong and Deyuan were set up as two thousand households, which were under the jurisdiction of wanhufu in Dali. In 1274, Yunnan Province was established, with dengchuanzhou, linglangqiong and Fengyu counties, and Dali road.

In the Ming Dynasty, Fengyu county was cut and returned to langqiong. Dengchuanzhou was set up and linglangqiong county was attached to Dali Prefecture.

It was built along the Ming Dynasty in the Qing Dynasty. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), langqiong county was renamed Eryuan County, and Dengchuan Prefecture was renamed Dengchuan county.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Eryuan County and Dengchuan County belong to Dali District.

Since 1956, it belongs to Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture. In October 1958, Eryuan County, Dengchuan county and Jianchuan County merged to form Jianchuan County.

In October 1961, Jianchuan County was abolished and Eryuan County and Dengchuan county were merged into Eryuan County.

In December 2003, Shuanglang and Jiangwei towns were transferred to Dali City, and Jiangwei town was renamed Shangguan town; in January 2005, pengbi Township and Yuhu town were merged and named pengbihu town.

By the end of 2006, Eryuan County had jurisdiction over six towns including pengbihu, Dengchuan, yousuo, Sanying, Fengyu and Qiaohou, and three townships including Niujie, liantie and Xishan, with a total of two communities and 88 village committees.

administrative division

Division evolution

On September 13, 1949, Eryuan County was liberated. Based on the villages and towns at the end of the Republic of China, it was changed into districts. There were 10 districts in Eryuan County and 5 districts in Dengchuan county.

In 1950, the district was merged into a large one with administrative villages.

In 1952, the democratic construction of government was carried out. There were still districts below the county level. Each district established the Township People's Government on the basis of the original administrative village, which was named by ordinal number.

In 1954, some townships were changed to towns, and towns were changed to place names or new names. Eryuan County had four districts, 29 townships and three towns. In March this year, Shuanglang, Changyu and Huoshan townships, originally belonging to Binchuan County, were assigned to Dengchuan county. Dengchuan county is divided into three districts, including 29 townships and 1 town in the first and second districts, and the number of townships in the third district, namely Jiangyin District, is unknown.

In 1956, the township was transformed into a senior agricultural cooperative. In November, the district system was abolished, and large townships and township management senior cooperatives were set up. Eryuan County set up 8 townships, 1 town and 1 special zone, and Dengchuan county set up 13 townships and 1 town (including 5 townships in Jiangyin area).      

In January 1958, 10 townships (including nandaping Yi nationality township) in Niujie area of Heqing County were assigned to Eryuan County. In October, the people's commune was established, with management areas under it. Jianchuan (DA) county established five communes in Eryuan County, including Hongxing, Weixing, rocket, Xingfu and Guanghui, with 38 management areas under its jurisdiction; and Dengchuan county established two communes, Dongfeng and Hongqi, with 39 management areas under its jurisdiction.

In April 1959, Hongqi commune was incorporated into Heqing County. In September, the two communes, Xingfu and Guanghui, merged into Niujie commune, and the other four communes were also named after Xishan, Fengyu, pengbi and Dengchuan.

In October 1961, Jianchuan (DA) county was abolished, and the former Eryuan and Dengchuan counties were merged into Eryuan County. In November, Qiaohou commune (under the jurisdiction of 12 administrative areas) in Jianchuan County was assigned to Eryuan County. Eryuan County changed 6 large communes and 77 administrative areas into 30 communes and 156 production teams.

In April 1962, 30 communes were merged into 18. In December this year, the district system was restored, with 8 districts including Jiangwei, yousuo, Sanying, Niujie, pengbi, Fengyu, Xishan and Qiaohou, and 94 small communes. In 1970, 11 communes were set up in the county, including Shuanglang, Jiangwei, yousuo, Sanying, Niujie, pengbi, Chengguan, Fengyu, ironmaking, Xishan and Qiaohou. The original small commune was changed into a production brigade, and by the end of 1980, it was adjusted to 127 production brigades.

In April 1984, communes were transformed into districts and brigades into townships. The county was divided into 11 districts, with 11 towns and 101 townships under its jurisdiction.

In December 1985, Jiuzhou Township, Xinzhou town and Tenglong Township in Yousuo district and Zhonghe Township in Jiangwei district were set up as Dengchuan town (district level town).

In June 1988, districts were transformed into townships, and small townships were transformed into village offices. There were 12 townships, 87 village offices and 22 offices in the county.

In 1993, Hongxing villagers of Niujie Township moved to xunzhuang and other places, and Xinlong village office was set up in Sanying township.

In 2000, the village office was transformed into a village committee. Five townships, including Sanying, yousuo, Jiangwei, Shuanglang and Fengyu, were set up as towns. Eight towns and four townships were set up in the county, and 110 village committees were under its jurisdiction.

In September 2002, Yuhu and Jiutai village committees in Yuhu town were renamed community residents committees.

On January 1, 2004, Shuanglang and Jiangwei towns were divided into Dali city. Eryuan County has 6 towns and 4 townships, and 88 village committees and 2 community neighborhood committees.

In December 2005, pengbi township was abolished, and the original seven village committees of pengbi Township and the Yonglian village committee of Sanying town were merged into Yuhu town. Yuhu town was renamed as pengbihu town.

In 2017, Eryuan County set up 6 towns and 3 townships, with 88 administrative villages and 2 communities, 871 natural villages and 1243 villager groups. Among them: 13 administrative villages, 2 communities, 90 natural villages and 223 villager groups in Bihu town; 4 village committees, 25 natural villages and 56 villager groups in Dengchuan town; 14 administrative villages, 108 natural villages and 163 villager groups in yousuo town; 10 administrative villages, 92 natural villages and 157 villager groups in Sanying town; 11 administrative villages, 65 natural villages and 133 villager groups in Niujie township; and There are 9 administrative villages, 44 natural villages and 121 villager groups in Yu town; 11 administrative villages, 126 natural villages and 136 villager groups in liantie township; 11 administrative villages, 117 natural villages and 123 villager groups in Qiaohou town; 5 administrative villages, 204 natural villages and 131 villager groups in Xishan township.

Zoning details

As of 2017, Eryuan County has 6 towns and 3 townships, 88 administrative villages and 2 communities, 871 natural villages and 1243 villager groups.

Towns: Dengchuan Town, Yousuo Town, Sanying Town, pengbihu Town, Fengyu Town, Qiaohou town.

Township: Niujie Township, Xishan Township, ironmaking township.

geographical environment

position

Eryuan, the birthplace of Erhai Lake, is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province and the north of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture. It is connected with Heqing County in the East, Dali city and Yangbi County in the south, Yunlong County in the West and Jianchuan County in the north. Eryuan County covers a total area of 2614 square kilometers, with national highway 214 and provincial highway Pingdian running through the county. The county is located in Bihu Town, 2060 meters above sea level, 389 kilometers away from Kunming, the provincial capital, and 69 kilometers away from Xiaguan, the state capital.

climate

Eryuan County belongs to the north subtropical plateau climate type, with distinct dry and wet seasons, sufficient light, "four sequence constant temperature", warm and pleasant, and obvious three-dimensional climate and regional microclimate characteristics. "One mountain is divided into four seasons, ten miles in different days" is a common climate phenomenon in the territory. Generally, the distribution of temperature and rainfall varies greatly with altitude. Generally, the temperature decreases with altitude and the rainfall increases with altitude. The decreasing rate of average air temperature with altitude is about 0.63 ° C / 100M. The annual average temperature of Eryuan dam area (warm and cool layer) is 13.9 ℃, the annual average precipitation is 732 mm, and the annual sunshine is 2061-2439 hours. For about 300 days, the average temperature is between 10 ℃ and 30 ℃.

hydrology

Rivers and streams crisscross the county, and lakes are scattered. Heijiang river system is a tributary of Lancang River Basin, with 41 tributaries, 293km, 227 mountain streams, 417km; jimiju river system is also a tributary of Lancang River Basin, with 51 tributaries, 327km, 149 mountain streams, 232km, with an average runoff of 480 million cubic meters, accounting for 59% of the average runoff of Erhai Lake. The average water yield per square kilometer is 420000 cubic meters, and the total annual precipitation of surface water is 3.1 billion cubic meters, including 1.2 billion cubic meters of surface runoff and 900 million cubic meters of transit water, with a total of 2.1 billion cubic meters. The theoretical reserves of hydropower in Eryuan County are 207000 kilowatts. By 2010, the installed hydropower capacity will be 40300 kilowatts, and there is still great potential for development.

terrain

Eryuan County is located at the junction of Hengduan Mountain range and Yunnan Guizhou Plateau. There are many mountains, mountains, lakes, rivers, basins and valleys. Ma'anshan in the East, Luoping mountain in the middle and xiluoping mountain in the West run through the whole area from north to south, and the terrain of the county inclines from northwest to Southeast. The rivers and lakes are divided into two major water systems according to the mountain situation. The eastern part is the jumiju river system, and the western part is the heijujiang river system

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