Honghe County, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Honghe County Honghe County is located in the south of Yunnan Province, on the South Bank of the upper reaches of the Red River, and belongs to Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture. Located between 101 ° 49 '- 102 ° 37' e and 23 ° 05 '- 23 ° 27' n, the county borders Yuanyang County and Luchun County in the East and south, Shiping County across the Red River in the north, Mojiang County of Simao City in the West and Yuanjiang County of Yuxi City in the Northwest. The largest distance between East and West is 81 km, the widest part between North and south is 40 km, and the land area is 2028.5 square kilometers. The total population was 296500 (2010). The county seat is located in Yisa town. There are Hani, Yi, Dai, Yao and other ethnic minorities living in Honghe County. The population of ethnic minorities accounts for 94% of the total population of Honghe County, of which Hani accounts for 75%. The main specialties are pueraria powder, small mango and so on.

China's top 100 summer leisure counties and cities in 2020. On May 17, 2020, it will officially withdraw from the poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

In the Tang Dynasty (Nanzhao), some tribes, such as guisituo tribe and tierong tribe, rose up and belonged to Tonghai Dufu of Nanzhao.

In Song Dynasty (DALI), it was listed as "thirty seven men", belonging to Xiushan County.

In the Yuan Dynasty, it was subordinate to Heni road and Yuanjiang road successively. During this period, there were ten thousand households in Luobi and ten thousand households in Xichu, which belonged to the South Road General Office and implemented the Jimi policy.

During the Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty, the hereditary chieftain system was formally established in the territory, and six chieftains, kuirongdian, situodian, luobeidian, xichudian, wazhadian and zuonengdian, were set up respectively. All of them belonged to Lin'an Prefecture and were one of the regions with more chieftains in Yunnan frontier counties.

From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, except for Yisa and Langdi, which were under the jurisdiction of Yuanjiang prefecture (prefecture, county), other areas were all chieftain areas, which were successively under the jurisdiction of Lin'an Prefecture, Jianshui Prefecture and Shiping prefecture (county).

administrative division

Division evolution

In May 1951, the people's political power of Honghe County was established. The lower reaches of Yuanjiang River are red river, so it is named.

Before 1957, it belonged to Mengzi region and Honghe Hani Autonomous Region;

After 1957, it belongs to Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture.

In 2000, there were 13 townships, 1 town, 91 village committees and 826 villages. Yisa Town, a county town, gradually became a market town after Qianlong of Qing Dynasty. After the establishment of the county people's government, there will be a county government.

In 2000, Honghe County governed one town and 13 townships.

In 2001, Honghe governed one town, 12 townships and one ethnic township.

In 2005, Yisa town and Menglong Dai Township were abolished and a new Yisa town was established in Honghe County.

In 2008, Honghe County governs 1 town, 12 townships, 3 communities, 88 administrative villages and 822 natural villages.

Jurisdiction

Honghe County has one town and 12 townships: Yisa Town, Jiayin Township, Baohua Township, luoen Township, Shitouzhai Township, azahe Township, Leyu Township, Langdi Township, Dayangjie Township, Chegu Township, Jiache Township, Longma Township and Sancun township.

On the morning of January 11, 2016, Leyu held the unveiling and seal awarding ceremony of removing villages to establish towns.

geographical environment

Location context

Honghe County is located in the southwest of Honghe River in Yunnan Province, on the South Bank of the middle reaches of Honghe River. Yuanyang County in the East, Luchun County in the south, Yuanjiang County and Mojiang County in the West. North and Shiping County across the Red River, is located in the junction of three prefectures and six counties. The largest distance between the East and the west is 81 kilometers, the widest place between the north and the south is 40 kilometers, and the land area is 2019 square kilometers. The county government is located in Yisa town.

landforms

In the territory of ups and downs, ravines, red river around the northern edge of the county. The terrain in the territory is high in the middle and low in the north and south. 96% of the area is mountainous. Generally, the altitude is between 1000-2000 meters. The highest mountain is mosoluma mountain in the southeast. The main peak is 2745.8 meters above sea level. The lowest point is Manche ferry on the Northeast edge, with an altitude of 259 meters.

climate

Honghe County belongs to subtropical monsoon climate type, and the three-dimensional climate is very obvious. The annual average temperature is 20.9 ℃, and the annual rainfall is 945.3 mm. The annual average temperature is 11.2-23.4 ° C, and the three-dimensional climate is obvious. There is a saying that "one mountain is divided into four seasons, and ten li has different days". The average annual precipitation of the county is 1340 mm. There is often less rain in winter and spring, easy drought, rainy in summer and autumn, sometimes flash floods.

natural resources

Animal and plant resources

The territory is rich in forest resources, a wide range of forest species, and most of them are broad-leaved forest, among which more than ten species are listed as national key protection, such as wild tea tree, big tree Rhododendron, etc. Wild medicinal plants include Myrica rubra, Fructus aurantii Immaturus, Polygonum multiflorum, etc. The main plants are Pinus yunnanensis, Pinus kesiya, Keteleeria, mastwood, birch, etc. There are many kinds of wild animals, many of which are listed as national protected animals. The main animals in the territory are python, lazy monkey, black crested gibbon, Malay bear, leopard, etc.

mineral resources

The mineral deposits in the territory mainly include gypsum, marble, granite, asbestos, coal, crystal stone, etc., with gypsum as the top. Among them, the reserves of gypsum are 119 million tons, and the content of calcium sulfate is generally 80%, up to 90%. It is a rare high-grade open-pit rich mine. Metal ores mainly include copper, lead, iron, gold, etc., of which copper reserves are 110000 tons, belonging to porphyry copper mine.

Water resources

There are more than 20 rivers, including 8 main rivers, belonging to the Honghe River system, Lixianjiang river system and tengtiaojiang river system. The annual surface water runoff is 1.266 billion cubic meters, the groundwater runoff is 403 million cubic meters, and the hydropower resources reserve is 197800 kilowatts. The output of groundwater is about 400 million cubic meters, and the water per capita of the county is twice the average value of China.

Population nationality

According to the data of China's fifth census, the total population of Honghe County is 267627, including Yi, Bai, Dai, Zhuang, Miao, Hui, Susu, Lahu, WA, Naxi, Yao, Tibetan, Jingpo, Bulang, Buyi, Achang, Hani, Xibo, Pumi, Mongolian, Nu, Jinuo, De'ang, Shui, man and Dulong And other ethnic groups.

In 2008, the total population of Honghe County was 287800, including 223081 Hani, 40788 Yi, 8465 Dai and 2013 Yao.

In 2010, China's sixth national census showed that the total population of Honghe County was 296500.

In 2016, the permanent resident population of Honghe County was 309800, an increase of 0.52% over the previous year. The birth rate is 15.9 ‰, the death rate is 7.52 ‰, the natural growth rate is 8.38 ‰, and the urbanization rate of permanent residents is 23.2%.

Registered residence statistics show that: the total number of households in the county is 81221, and the total population is 341870, which is 109 and 5592 respectively over the previous year. Among them, 179890 are males and 161980 are females; 318254 are rural population and 23616 are urban population; 329510 are ethnic minority population, accounting for 96.38%; among them, 273260 are Hani nationality, accounting for 79.93%; 44280 are Yi nationality, accounting for 12.95%; 8679 are Dai nationality, accounting for 2.54%; 2917 are Yao nationality, accounting for 0.85%.

Economics

overview

In 2016, the gross domestic product (GDP) of Honghe County was 3538.53 million yuan, an increase of 12.5% compared with that of the previous year, of which the added value of the primary industry was 115.16 million yuan, an increase of 5.6%; the added value of the secondary industry was 1046.46 million yuan, an increase of 24.7%; and the added value of the tertiary industry was 1341.91 million yuan, an increase of 10.0% compared with that of the previous year. In 2016, the proportion of tertiary industrial structure in Honghe County was 32.5:29.6:37.9, which was better than that in 2015 (34.5:27.4:38.1). The per capita GDP was 11452 yuan, an increase of 11.8% over the previous year. The contribution rates of the three industries to GDP were 18%, 46% and 36%, respectively, which promoted GDP growth by 2.25%, 5.75% and 4.5% respectively. The added value of non-public economy reached 1686.3 million yuan, an increase of 14.7% over the previous year, accounting for 47.7% of the GDP. Energy consumption per unit GDP decreased by 3.08%.

The total investment in fixed assets above designated scale was 8877290000 yuan, an increase of 24.8% over the previous year. There were 380 construction projects, an increase of 49.0% over the previous year, including 324 new projects, an increase of 55.8% over the previous year. Among the completed investment, the industrial investment was 2546.75 million yuan, an increase of 35.3% over the previous year, accounting for 28.7% of the total investment, 2.2 percentage points higher than that in 2015. The completed investment in the three industries were: 1147.75 million yuan in the primary industry, an increase of 4.3% over the previous year, accounting for 12.9% of the total investment; 507.84 million yuan in the secondary industry, a decrease of 2.9% over the previous year. 7%; the tertiary industry was 7198.52 million yuan, an increase of 31.3% over the previous year, accounting for 81.1%. By industry: 1147.75 million yuan was invested in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and its service industry, accounting for 12.9% of the total investment; 287.79 million yuan was invested in power, heat, gas and water production and supply industry, accounting for 3.2%; 171.84 million yuan was invested in wholesale and retail industry, accounting for 1.9%; 697.66 million yuan was invested in transportation, storage and postal industry, accounting for 7.9%; 2357.45 million yuan was invested in water conservancy, environment and public facilities management, accounting for 26.6%; and the total investment in water conservancy, environment and public facilities management, accounting for 6%; The investment in science, education, culture and health is 665.27 million yuan, accounting for 7.5%; the investment in public management and social organizations is 1.5%

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Hong He Ha Ni Zu Yi Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Hong He Xian